本文選題：安徽省　切入點：農(nóng)村干部　出處：《安徽大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】："十二五"時期,是農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展的又一個黃金期。糧食連年高產(chǎn),農(nóng)民收入持續(xù)較快增長,與此同時,農(nóng)村基礎設施也得到了明顯改善,提高了農(nóng)民群眾的生活水平,這些都夯實了黨在農(nóng)村的執(zhí)政基礎。但是在不斷全面深化改革的大背景下,農(nóng)村也暴露出越來越多的問題,其中農(nóng)村干部的職務犯罪問題引起了越來越多的學者和媒體的關注。村干部俗稱"村官",它并非一個法學概念,而是一個政治學或者社會學概念,農(nóng)村干部是一個特殊的群體,它具體包括村委會及其下級組織成員、村黨委成員、村務監(jiān)督委員會成員、村民小組成員、大學生村官等,村干部不在編不是公務員的一部分,屬于農(nóng)民的一員但又區(qū)別于一般的農(nóng)民,他們可以實施公務性質(zhì)的職務行為,也可以實施管理村集體公共事務的職務行為,所以村干部職務犯罪所涉及的領域比其他國家工作人員的職務犯罪范圍要廣。筆者搜集并整理"十二五"期間安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的案例有100件,涉案人數(shù)為179人,遍及全省16個地級市,是具有一定的代表性的。通過對這些樣本案例的分析得出以下犯罪現(xiàn)象:在犯罪人的身份信息方面,安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的犯罪人以男性為主,大多數(shù)犯罪人都是中年人,這些犯罪人的文化程度以初中、高中學歷為主,并且安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的犯罪人以中共黨員居多;在犯罪人地域信息方面,安徽省皖北地區(qū)與江淮地區(qū)的農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的案發(fā)數(shù)量較多,而在地級市中,六安市的農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的案發(fā)數(shù)量最多;在犯罪人職務信息方面,安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的犯罪人以村支書、村主任、村文書為主,單獨犯罪的案件比共同犯罪的案件稍多;在犯罪人犯罪事實方面,在安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的案件中以涉及到國家惠農(nóng)資金和各項補助款的犯罪為主;而且安徽省農(nóng)村干部第一次實施職務犯罪行為至案發(fā)時的平均持續(xù)時間較長;在犯罪人涉案金額方面,安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的涉案金額主要在三萬元以上不滿二十萬元這個區(qū)間;在犯罪人所判刑罰方面,安徽省農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的犯罪人被判處的罪名以貪污罪為主,且犯罪人被判處緩刑的比重較高。在深入剖析農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展的原因的基礎上,筆者認為其與懲治職務犯罪的威懾力、實施職務犯罪的機會和職務犯罪的動機這三者的關聯(lián)性較強,歸納出以下原因:懲治村干部職務犯罪的威懾力不足,犯罪的村干部被判處財產(chǎn)刑、資格刑的較少,也未將村干部的個人財產(chǎn)狀況作為任期和離職經(jīng)濟責任審計的內(nèi)容,使村干部犯罪后的收益大、成本小;村干部實施職務犯罪的機會較多,由于村務公開機制不完善、村民監(jiān)督意愿弱等導致農(nóng)村監(jiān)督制約機制不健全,給村干部實施職務犯罪留下了較大空間;村干部實施職務犯罪的動機較強,村干部的待遇差、法律意識差,誘發(fā)了其職務犯罪的動機。針對上述村干部職務犯罪的三大原因,筆者在懲戒機制方面、預防機制方面、心理機制方面等三方面提出治理對策,并強調(diào)在治理農(nóng)村干部職務犯罪中,一定要尊重和保障農(nóng)民的主體地位,農(nóng)民是農(nóng)村反職務犯罪的第一道防線,也是農(nóng)村反職務犯罪的主力軍,應當充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)民的智慧,不斷完善村民自我管理的方式,讓村干部的權力在內(nèi)部受到約束,并讓分歧與矛盾在內(nèi)部解決。
[Abstract]:"12th Five-Year" period, is also a golden period of development of agriculture and rural areas. In recent years the grain yield, farmers' income continued to grow rapidly, at the same time, rural infrastructure has been significantly improved, to improve the living standards of the peasants, which consolidate the party's ruling foundation in rural areas. But in the background of continuously deepening the reform under the countryside also exposed more and more problems, the duty crime problem of rural cadres which attracted more and more scholars and media attention. The village cadres known as "village", it is not a legal concept, but a political or social concept, rural cadres are a special group, it including the village committee and its subordinate members of the organization, the village Party members, members of village committee, village group members, college-graduate village official, village cadres are not part of the series is not official, belong to the farmers A member but different from the general farmers, they can implement official duties in nature, duty behavior can also implement the village collective management of public affairs, and village cadres crimes involved in the field than any other state functionary crime scope. The author collected the "12th Five-Year" period of rural cadres Anhui Province, the duty crime case has 100, the number of 179 people, 16 prefecture level cities throughout the province, is quite representative. Through the analysis of these cases the following crimes: in the aspect of identity crime, Anhui province rural cadres crimes criminals dominated by men, most of the crimes are middle-aged, cultural degree of these criminals in junior high school, high school education, and rural cadres in Anhui province post crime to the majority of people in the Communist Party members; crime Geographical information, Anhui Province, Northern Anhui Jianghuai area and the rural cadres crime crime number, while in the prefecture level city of Lu'an City, the number of rural cadres duty crime most; in criminal duty information, Anhui province rural cadres crime in the village party secretary, director of the village, the village clerk mainly, slightly more than in the case of crime of joint crime in criminal cases; criminal facts, in rural Anhui province cadre duty crime case to involve national Hui Nong grant funds and the crime; the average duration of rural cadres in Anhui province and the implementation of the first duty crime to the time longer in the criminal; involving, involving Anhui province rural cadres crimes mainly in the thirty thousand yuan less than two hundred thousand yuan this interval; in criminal penalty Anhui Province, rural cadres crimes criminals sentenced to charges of embezzlement and crime, a higher proportion of people were sentenced to probation. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the reasons for the emergence and development of the rural cadres crimes, the author thinks that the punishment and crime deterrent force, the implementation of job-related crimes and opportunities the crime motive of the three strong correlation, summed up the following reasons: lack of punishment of village cadres crime deterrent, crime of village cadres sentenced to property penalty, qualification penalty is less, nor will the personal property status of village cadres tenure and turnover as the content of economic responsibility audit, the village cadres crime after the return, the cost is small; the implementation of job-related crimes of village cadres more opportunities because of village affairs mechanism is not perfect, the supervision of the villagers will lead to rural weak supervision mechanism is not perfect, to the village cadres The implementation of the duty crime has left a large space; the implementation of village cadres crime motivation, treatment of village cadres is poor, poor awareness of the law, the motivation of their crimes. For three reasons by the village cadres crime, the punishment mechanism, prevention mechanism, psychological mechanism and so on three aspects put forward the countermeasures, and emphasizes on the governance of rural cadres crimes, must respect and safeguard the dominant position of farmers and farmers is the first line of defense against the rural duty crime, and is also the main force of rural anti crime, should give full play to their wisdom, and constantly improve the villagers' self-management mode, let the power of village cadres in the internal constraint, and let the differences and contradictions in the internal solution.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

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