本文選題：退休返聘　切入點(diǎn)：勞動(dòng)者　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)后,伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展,中國(guó)踏入了老齡化社會(huì)。老齡化社會(huì)的來(lái)臨以及未富先老的事實(shí),使得老齡化成為影響我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要因素。而在眾多微觀問(wèn)題中,老年人再就業(yè)這一話題尤其值得我們關(guān)注。于是一種新型的用工關(guān)系出現(xiàn)在我們的視角中——退休返聘。隨著老年再就業(yè)人數(shù)的增加,退休返聘的現(xiàn)象也愈演愈烈。老年人由于自身特點(diǎn),其就業(yè)無(wú)論是對(duì)個(gè)人和社會(huì)來(lái)說(shuō)都具有積極的意義,他們以其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)受到了社會(huì)的廣泛青睞,應(yīng)當(dāng)予以支持。但是,我國(guó)法律并沒(méi)有對(duì)退休返聘這一行為進(jìn)行很好的規(guī)制,存在立法上的缺位、退休返聘人員的工作身份無(wú)法明確認(rèn)定、工傷糾紛得不到妥善解決、勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬權(quán)得不到充分保護(hù)、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)存在爭(zhēng)議等諸多問(wèn)題。如此方方面面都阻礙著退休返聘人員去實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的權(quán)利。為了更加清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)退休返聘,本文首先從理論上分析“退休”和“退休返聘”的概念和來(lái)源,進(jìn)一步分析導(dǎo)致退休返聘現(xiàn)象的成因,隨后根據(jù)自己的想法羅列出保護(hù)退休返聘人員的權(quán)利的必要性;其次從立法方面陳述了國(guó)家對(duì)于退休返聘群體法律保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀,然后分析了國(guó)家對(duì)于退休返聘人員權(quán)利保護(hù)存在的不足。通過(guò)觀察中央和地方的立法現(xiàn)狀,可以看出立法上的架空,導(dǎo)致退休返聘人員工作身份上的認(rèn)定、工傷、工資、保險(xiǎn)上和適齡勞動(dòng)者相比,保護(hù)程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足;接著本文利用了比較分析的研究方法,考察美、英、日等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)借鑒他們對(duì)退休返聘人員的權(quán)利保護(hù)——立法完善、態(tài)度寬容、嚴(yán)打歧視、信息通達(dá)使得他們國(guó)家的退休返聘人員更加具有專業(yè)性和幸福感。最后,在認(rèn)識(shí)國(guó)外對(duì)于退休返聘方面的理論研究和具體實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)出對(duì)我國(guó)有利的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、提出完善退休返聘人員權(quán)利保護(hù)的幾點(diǎn)建議。其中最重要的是對(duì)勞動(dòng)者工作身份的認(rèn)定,才能夠逐步推展工傷、工資、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)方面的完善。只有認(rèn)定了退休返聘人員的勞動(dòng)者身份,才利于擴(kuò)大工傷保險(xiǎn)的范圍,最終更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)同工同酬。文章結(jié)尾部分強(qiáng)調(diào)為了進(jìn)一步完善退休制度,需要適當(dāng)推遲退休年齡實(shí)現(xiàn)彈性退休。這里的彈性顯示出的優(yōu)勢(shì)體現(xiàn)在退休年齡、退休時(shí)的工作時(shí)間和工作性質(zhì)以及強(qiáng)度方面自由選擇的靈活性,來(lái)逐步完善退休制度從而更好地保護(hù)退休返聘人員的權(quán)利。
[Abstract]:After the 21st century, with the rapid development of economy, China has stepped into an aging society. Aging has become an important factor affecting the economic and social development of our country. The topic of old people's re-employment is especially worthy of our attention. So a new type of employment relationship appears in our perspective-retirement and re-employment. As the number of old people re-employment increases, Because of their own characteristics, their employment is of positive significance to both individuals and society. Because of their unique advantages, they have been widely favored by society and should be supported. The law of our country has not carried on the very good regulation to the retirement reemployment this behavior, has the legislative vacancy, the retired rerecruits' working status cannot be clearly determined, the industrial injury dispute cannot be solved properly, the labor compensation right can not be fully protected. Pension insurance is controversial and many other issues. In order to better understand retirement reemployment, all aspects of pension insurance prevent retirees from rehiring to realize their rights. Firstly, this paper theoretically analyzes the concepts and sources of "retirement" and "retirement reemployment", and further analyzes the causes leading to the phenomenon of retirement reemployment, and then lists the necessity of protecting the rights of retired rerecruits according to their own ideas. Secondly, from the legislative point of view, it states the current situation of the legal protection of the retired and re-employed group in the country, and then analyzes the shortcomings in the protection of the rights of the retired and re-employed persons in the country. By observing the current legislative situation of the central and local governments, It can be seen that the legislative framework leads to the recognition of the working status of retired and re-employed personnel, the degree of protection is far less than that of workers of appropriate age in terms of work-related injuries, wages, and insurance. Then, this paper uses the comparative analysis of research methods to investigate the United States. The legislative experience of developed countries, such as Britain and Japan, is to draw lessons from their protection of the rights of retired and re-employed personnel-perfect legislation, tolerant attitude, and severe discrimination. Access to information makes retired rerecruits in their countries more professional and happy. Finally, on the basis of understanding the theoretical research and specific practice in foreign countries on retirement and re-employment, we sum up the experience that is beneficial to our country. Several suggestions are put forward to improve the protection of the rights of retired and re-employed personnel. The most important one is the identification of the working status of workers, so that they can gradually promote work injuries and wages. The perfection of old-age insurance. Only when the worker status of retired and re-employed personnel is confirmed, can the scope of industrial injury insurance be expanded, and finally equal pay for equal work can be better realized. At the end of the article, it is emphasized that in order to further improve the retirement system, Flexible retirement needs to be appropriately delayed. The advantages shown here are in the retirement age, the nature and nature of work at retirement, and the flexibility of choice in terms of intensity, To gradually improve the retirement system so as to better protect the rights of retired employees.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.5

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