本文選題：醫(yī)療損害　切入點(diǎn)：醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前醫(yī)療損害案件不斷增多，醫(yī)患矛盾突出，醫(yī)療損害已成為學(xué)界乃至社會(huì)各界討論的熱點(diǎn)問題之一。侵權(quán)責(zé)任法的頒布實(shí)施，明確了醫(yī)療損害責(zé)任的一般歸責(zé)原則為過錯(cuò)責(zé)任原則，這種變化可以看作為是立法者出于對(duì)患者生命健康權(quán)、醫(yī)生合法權(quán)益和醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展進(jìn)步的利益平衡。過錯(cuò)原則下的醫(yī)療損害案件，由患者來舉證醫(yī)方過錯(cuò)無疑要承受巨大的壓力，一方面患者在知識(shí)能力等方面相對(duì)醫(yī)方處于弱勢(shì)地位，另一方面當(dāng)前我國的過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不夠具體，缺乏可操作性。這樣的局面下由患者舉證是很不公平的，很多患者只能寄希望于醫(yī)學(xué)鑒定，，但是因?yàn)殍b定的不中立不合理等弊端，再加上沒有具體的醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，鑒定結(jié)論的科學(xué)性權(quán)威性也是值得懷疑的。所以本文從醫(yī)療損害的過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去探討具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性，也具有很強(qiáng)的理論以及實(shí)踐意義。 文章開始在引言部分介紹了關(guān)于醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，并在全面評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)術(shù)界已取得研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，客觀地歸納出文章的創(chuàng)新之處。 正文共內(nèi)容分為四個(gè)部分。 一、關(guān)于醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究，文中第一部分首先對(duì)于侵權(quán)責(zé)任法的一般過錯(cuò)理論作出探討。主要圍繞過錯(cuò)的本質(zhì)屬性與過錯(cuò)的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而展開。關(guān)于過錯(cuò)的本質(zhì)屬性問題在比較了不同種的理論之后，提出了過錯(cuò)本質(zhì)屬性與判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格區(qū)分原則，接著圍繞過錯(cuò)的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)重點(diǎn)從注意義務(wù)角度而展開。 二、這一部分闡述了醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)的概念、醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定對(duì)于醫(yī)療損害案件處理的重要意義以及我國現(xiàn)行法律中關(guān)于醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)認(rèn)定存在的問題。 三、醫(yī)療損害案件中醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)判斷。這是本文的重點(diǎn)討論內(nèi)容。根據(jù)一般侵權(quán)中的過錯(cuò)判斷思路，文中圍繞醫(yī)療注意義務(wù)以及醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)的客觀判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩方面展開論述。尤其是在如何理清這二者之間的關(guān)系問題上成為本文寫作中一個(gè)難點(diǎn)問題。文章在梳理了醫(yī)療注意義務(wù)的具體類型之后，通過比較分析的方法，借鑒國內(nèi)外的醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)理論，提出自己的認(rèn)識(shí)。 四、針對(duì)第二部分我國醫(yī)療過錯(cuò)判斷方面存在的問題，提出一些完善建議，期望能夠平衡醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)與患者之間的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系，從而促使醫(yī)患關(guān)系和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:At present, the medical injury cases are increasing, the contradiction between doctors and patients is prominent, the medical damage has become one of the hot issues discussed by the academic circles and even the social circles, the promulgation and implementation of the tort liability law, It is clear that the general principle of liability for medical damage is the principle of fault liability, and this change can be regarded as the legislator's right to life and health of patients. Doctors' legitimate rights and interests are balanced with the interests of medical development and progress. In cases of medical injury under the principle of fault, there is no doubt that patients have to bear enormous pressure to prove that the doctors are at fault. On the one hand, patients are in a weak position relative to the doctors in terms of their knowledge and ability. On the other hand, the current standards of fault determination in our country are not specific enough and lack of maneuverability. In such a situation, it is very unfair for patients to prove evidence. Many patients can only rely on medical expertise, but because of the irneutrality and irrationality of the identification, and so on, In addition, there is no specific medical fault identification standard, and the scientific authority of the identification conclusion is also doubtful. Therefore, this article discusses the fault identification standard of medical damage from a very strong pertinence. Also has the very strong theory as well as the practice significance. At the beginning of the article, the author introduces the domestic and international research status of medical fault identification standard in the introduction part, and summarizes the innovation of the article objectively on the basis of the comprehensive evaluation of the research results in academic circles. The text is divided into four parts. First, a study on the criteria for judging medical mistakes, In the first part of this paper, the general fault theory of tort liability law is discussed. It mainly revolves around the essential attribute of fault and the judgment standard of fault. After comparing different kinds of theories, the problem of essential attribute of fault is discussed. This paper puts forward the principle of strict distinction between the essential attribute of fault and the criterion of judgment, and then focuses on the duty of care around the criterion of fault. Second, this part expounds the concept of medical fault, the significance of medical fault determination for medical injury cases and the problems of medical fault determination in the current law of our country. Third, medical fault judgment in medical injury cases. This is the main content of this paper. This paper focuses on the duty of care and the objective judgment standard of medical fault, especially on how to clarify the relationship between the two, which has become a difficult problem in the writing of this paper. After the specific types of medical care obligations, Through the method of comparative analysis, draw lessons from the domestic and foreign medical fault judgment standard theory, put forward own understanding. Fourth, in view of the second part of our country medical treatment fault judgment aspect existence question, proposed some consummation suggestions, hoped can balance the medical institution and the patient the right obligation relations, thus impels the doctor-patient relationship to develop harmoniously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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