本文選題：資本主義　切入點：生態(tài)危機　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)危機是指由于不合理開發(fā)而引起的資源枯竭、環(huán)境惡化和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)失衡,是生態(tài)失調(diào)的惡性發(fā)展結(jié)果。生態(tài)危機一旦形成,在較長時期內(nèi)難以恢復(fù)甚至產(chǎn)生不可逆性的生態(tài)災(zāi)難。資本主義發(fā)展的歷史是一部生態(tài)破壞史。資本主義興起階段和早期發(fā)展階段,生態(tài)破壞主要集中在資本積累過程中造成的生態(tài)失衡。這一時期的生態(tài)問題具有局部性、地區(qū)性,對自然資源的危害較小;隨著全球化進(jìn)程不斷深入,生態(tài)問題具有全球性、綜合性。表現(xiàn)為,生態(tài)問題蔓延至全世界,一些發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國家更是打著保護環(huán)境的幌子進(jìn)行國際政治博弈。20世紀(jì)以來,這種生態(tài)危機發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移,從發(fā)達(dá)國家轉(zhuǎn)移至發(fā)展中國家。這導(dǎo)致發(fā)展中國家生態(tài)環(huán)境嚴(yán)峻。資本主義政治為資本主義私有制服務(wù),而這直接或間接地造成了資本主義生態(tài)危機,并以這種方式促進(jìn)了剝削。在政治文化方面,資產(chǎn)階級只追求經(jīng)濟利益最大化,無視環(huán)境的破壞與發(fā)展。對權(quán)力的渴望和操縱,造成政府異化,帶來對市民社會利益的損害;把自然環(huán)境當(dāng)做一種商品,用金錢來衡量并認(rèn)為科技的發(fā)展能夠解決生態(tài)危機。在政治意識形態(tài)層面,資本主義政治具有生態(tài)破壞性。在政治統(tǒng)治合法性方面,西方國家通過資本積累和政治契約手段實現(xiàn)政治統(tǒng)治合法性,但這種合法性本身具有生態(tài)欺騙性。由于資本主義固有的問題,產(chǎn)生合法性危機,在擺脫這種危機的過程中,又加速掠奪了自然,犧牲了更多的自然資源。在政治管理方面,權(quán)力和資本結(jié)盟,使得統(tǒng)治者更為便利地追求經(jīng)濟利益最大化。在政治決策的過程中,將一己私利凌駕于人類福祉之上。這就使得資本主義的政治管理過程具有生態(tài)掠奪性。我國正處于經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的過程中,面臨經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境保護如何共同發(fā)展這一問題。資本主義發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的生態(tài)問題在給發(fā)展中國家?guī)砩鷳B(tài)破壞之外也提醒我們要重視生態(tài)、加強生態(tài)保護、建設(shè)生態(tài)文明。這符合經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段的需要,也符合人民群眾的長遠(yuǎn)根本利益。當(dāng)前,我們要深刻領(lǐng)會、認(rèn)真貫徹落實黨的十八大會議精神,以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)思想,以生態(tài)文明為發(fā)展導(dǎo)向,切實負(fù)起時代和歷史的責(zé)任,把祖國建設(shè)得更美麗、更富強,努力走向社會主義生態(tài)文明新時代。
[Abstract]:Ecological crisis refers to the depletion of resources, the deterioration of environment and the imbalance of ecosystem caused by unreasonable exploitation, which is the result of malignant development of ecological imbalance. Once the ecological crisis is formed, It is difficult to recover or even produce irreversible ecological disasters in a long period of time. The history of capitalist development is a history of ecological destruction. Ecological damage is mainly concentrated in the ecological imbalance caused by the accumulation of capital. The ecological problems in this period are local, regional and less harmful to natural resources. With the deepening of globalization, ecological problems have become global. Comprehensive. This kind of ecological crisis has shifted since the 20th century, when ecological problems spread all over the world, and some developed capitalist countries carried out international political games under the guise of protecting the environment. From the developed countries to the developing countries. This leads to the serious ecological environment of the developing countries. Capitalist politics serves capitalist private ownership, which directly or indirectly causes the capitalist ecological crisis, In the aspect of political culture, the bourgeoisie only pursues the maximization of economic benefits, ignores the destruction and development of the environment, yearns and manipulates the power, causes the alienation of the government, and brings harm to the interests of the civil society. Take the natural environment as a commodity, measure it with money and think that the development of science and technology can solve the ecological crisis. At the level of political ideology, capitalist politics is ecologically destructive. Western countries realize the legitimacy of political rule through the means of capital accumulation and political contract, but this legitimacy itself is ecological deceptive. Because of the inherent problems of capitalism, there is a crisis of legitimacy, and in the process of getting rid of this kind of crisis, In political management, power and capital alliances make it easier for rulers to pursue maximization of economic benefits. In the process of political decision-making, The political management of capitalism is ecologically predatory. Our country is in the process of rapid economic development. Facing the problem of how to develop together in the process of economic and environmental protection, the ecological problems arising in the course of capitalist development not only bring ecological damage to developing countries, but also remind us to pay attention to ecology and strengthen ecological protection. Building ecological civilization is in line with the needs of the stage of economic development and with the long-term fundamental interests of the masses. At present, we must profoundly understand and conscientiously implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Party and take the scientific concept of development as the guiding ideology. We should take ecological civilization as the development guide, conscientiously shoulder the responsibility of the times and history, build our motherland into a more beautiful, richer and stronger country, and strive to move towards a new era of socialist ecological civilization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D033.3;X2

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