本文選題：弱勢(shì)群體　切入點(diǎn)：救助義務(wù)　出處：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：弱勢(shì)群體依據(jù)其形成原因可以分為生理性弱勢(shì)群體、社會(huì)性弱勢(shì)群體、區(qū)域性弱勢(shì)群體三類。在實(shí)踐生活中,不同種類的弱勢(shì)群體在政治權(quán)利、人身自由、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化教育方面會(huì)受到不同程度的影響或侵害,不僅侵害了弱勢(shì)群體自身的權(quán)益,還會(huì)引發(fā)一系列的社會(huì)效應(yīng),因此對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體進(jìn)行救助具有極大的理論價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。權(quán)利和義務(wù)是相統(tǒng)一的,對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體的救助一方面可以從弱勢(shì)群體本身的權(quán)益保護(hù)角度入手,另一方面也可以從救助主體的角度分析救助主體對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的救助義務(wù)。從義務(wù)的角度來看,可以探索依據(jù)救助主體身份的不同將弱勢(shì)群體的救助義務(wù)區(qū)分為法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù),從而對(duì)不同主體的不同義務(wù)針對(duì)性地設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的義務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。特定主體應(yīng)承擔(dān)法定性的救助義務(wù),為此有必要全面構(gòu)建弱勢(shì)群體救助體系,從義務(wù)定位到責(zé)任追究各個(gè)方面規(guī)范不同特定主體的法定救助義務(wù),并通過不同職能部門的聯(lián)動(dòng)配合促進(jìn)弱勢(shì)群體救助工作的高效開展;非特定主體應(yīng)承擔(dān)道德性的救助義務(wù),具體可以通過法律宣傳教育、落實(shí)監(jiān)督糾舉、鼓勵(lì)倡導(dǎo)救助等方式加以規(guī)范;法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù)在實(shí)現(xiàn)過程中可以通過國(guó)家資源與社會(huì)資源的結(jié)合以及道德和法律之間的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系來實(shí)現(xiàn)互動(dòng)結(jié)合。弱勢(shì)群體的救助工作是一項(xiàng)社會(huì)性的大型工程,因此需要將個(gè)體、社會(huì)、國(guó)家結(jié)合起來,形成“以政府為主導(dǎo)、非政府組織為補(bǔ)充”的多層次立體式的社會(huì)救助體系,在全社會(huì)內(nèi)構(gòu)筑完善可行的救助網(wǎng)絡(luò),并將法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù)在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行整合對(duì)接,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同種類弱勢(shì)群體的全面救助。
[Abstract]:The vulnerable groups can be divided into three groups according to their forming reasons: physiologic vulnerable group, social vulnerable group and regional vulnerable group. In practical life, different kinds of vulnerable groups are in political rights, personal freedom, social economy, Culture and education will be affected or infringed to varying degrees, which not only infringes on the rights and interests of vulnerable groups themselves, but also leads to a series of social effects. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to assist the vulnerable groups. The rights and obligations are unified. On the one hand, the relief to the vulnerable groups can be started from the angle of the protection of the rights and interests of the vulnerable groups themselves. On the other hand, we can also analyze the relief obligations that the relief subjects should undertake to the vulnerable groups from the perspective of the relief subjects. It can be explored that according to the different identity of relief subjects, the relief obligations of vulnerable groups can be divided into legal relief obligations and moral relief obligations. Therefore, the different obligations of different subjects are designed to realize the corresponding obligations. The specific subjects should bear the legally qualified relief obligations. Therefore, it is necessary to build a comprehensive relief system for the vulnerable groups. From the duty orientation to the responsibility investigation each aspect standardizes the legal relief duty of the different specific subject, and promotes the vulnerable group relief work to carry out efficiently through the cooperation of different functional departments; the non-specific subject should undertake the moral relief duty, It can be regulated by means of legal publicity and education, implementation of supervision and rectification, encouragement of advocacy and relief, etc. Legal aid obligation and moral relief obligation can be realized through the combination of national and social resources and the transformation of morality and law in the process of realization. Large social projects, Therefore, it is necessary to combine individual, society and country to form a multi-level and three-dimensional social assistance system, which is "government-led and supplemented by non-governmental organizations", and to build a sound and feasible rescue network within the whole society. And the legal relief obligation and moral relief obligation in a certain range of integration docking, in order to achieve comprehensive relief to different kinds of vulnerable groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.182

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