本文選題：弱勢群體　切入點(diǎn)：救助義務(wù)　出處：《煙臺大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：弱勢群體依據(jù)其形成原因可以分為生理性弱勢群體、社會性弱勢群體、區(qū)域性弱勢群體三類。在實(shí)踐生活中,不同種類的弱勢群體在政治權(quán)利、人身自由、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化教育方面會受到不同程度的影響或侵害,不僅侵害了弱勢群體自身的權(quán)益,還會引發(fā)一系列的社會效應(yīng),因此對弱勢群體進(jìn)行救助具有極大的理論價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。權(quán)利和義務(wù)是相統(tǒng)一的,對弱勢群體的救助一方面可以從弱勢群體本身的權(quán)益保護(hù)角度入手,另一方面也可以從救助主體的角度分析救助主體對弱勢群體應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的救助義務(wù)。從義務(wù)的角度來看,可以探索依據(jù)救助主體身份的不同將弱勢群體的救助義務(wù)區(qū)分為法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù),從而對不同主體的不同義務(wù)針對性地設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的義務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。特定主體應(yīng)承擔(dān)法定性的救助義務(wù),為此有必要全面構(gòu)建弱勢群體救助體系,從義務(wù)定位到責(zé)任追究各個(gè)方面規(guī)范不同特定主體的法定救助義務(wù),并通過不同職能部門的聯(lián)動配合促進(jìn)弱勢群體救助工作的高效開展;非特定主體應(yīng)承擔(dān)道德性的救助義務(wù),具體可以通過法律宣傳教育、落實(shí)監(jiān)督糾舉、鼓勵倡導(dǎo)救助等方式加以規(guī)范;法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù)在實(shí)現(xiàn)過程中可以通過國家資源與社會資源的結(jié)合以及道德和法律之間的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系來實(shí)現(xiàn)互動結(jié)合。弱勢群體的救助工作是一項(xiàng)社會性的大型工程,因此需要將個(gè)體、社會、國家結(jié)合起來,形成“以政府為主導(dǎo)、非政府組織為補(bǔ)充”的多層次立體式的社會救助體系,在全社會內(nèi)構(gòu)筑完善可行的救助網(wǎng)絡(luò),并將法定性救助義務(wù)和道德性救助義務(wù)在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行整合對接,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對不同種類弱勢群體的全面救助。
[Abstract]:The vulnerable groups can be divided into three groups according to their forming reasons: physiologic vulnerable group, social vulnerable group and regional vulnerable group. In practical life, different kinds of vulnerable groups are in political rights, personal freedom, social economy, Culture and education will be affected or infringed to varying degrees, which not only infringes on the rights and interests of vulnerable groups themselves, but also leads to a series of social effects. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to assist the vulnerable groups. The rights and obligations are unified. On the one hand, the relief to the vulnerable groups can be started from the angle of the protection of the rights and interests of the vulnerable groups themselves. On the other hand, we can also analyze the relief obligations that the relief subjects should undertake to the vulnerable groups from the perspective of the relief subjects. It can be explored that according to the different identity of relief subjects, the relief obligations of vulnerable groups can be divided into legal relief obligations and moral relief obligations. Therefore, the different obligations of different subjects are designed to realize the corresponding obligations. The specific subjects should bear the legally qualified relief obligations. Therefore, it is necessary to build a comprehensive relief system for the vulnerable groups. From the duty orientation to the responsibility investigation each aspect standardizes the legal relief duty of the different specific subject, and promotes the vulnerable group relief work to carry out efficiently through the cooperation of different functional departments; the non-specific subject should undertake the moral relief duty, It can be regulated by means of legal publicity and education, implementation of supervision and rectification, encouragement of advocacy and relief, etc. Legal aid obligation and moral relief obligation can be realized through the combination of national and social resources and the transformation of morality and law in the process of realization. Large social projects, Therefore, it is necessary to combine individual, society and country to form a multi-level and three-dimensional social assistance system, which is "government-led and supplemented by non-governmental organizations", and to build a sound and feasible rescue network within the whole society. And the legal relief obligation and moral relief obligation in a certain range of integration docking, in order to achieve comprehensive relief to different kinds of vulnerable groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.182

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