本文關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)境群體性事件下政府善治與公眾參與的機(jī)制研究　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：生態(tài)環(huán)境與政治生活的聯(lián)系越來越緊密,我國處于“環(huán)境敏感期”,這恰好印證了環(huán)境質(zhì)量之于公眾的重要性以及公眾對(duì)政府的期盼和要求。對(duì)于當(dāng)前的環(huán)境問題,學(xué)者們?cè)噲D從不同的角度進(jìn)行解釋,如庇古的外部性理論,通過對(duì)正外部性的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及負(fù)外部性的征稅來增加人們對(duì)環(huán)保的熱情、減少環(huán)境污染,又如環(huán)境庫茲涅茨曲線等理論。但是,就我國當(dāng)前類似于廈門PX事件、什邡鉬銅、江蘇啟東等地的環(huán)境群體性事件此起彼伏,對(duì)于此類事件的實(shí)證分析十分必要。如何從更符合實(shí)際情況的視角出發(fā),獲得最有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以輔助政府更好的治理社會(huì)呢?筆者正是從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā)進(jìn)行研究分析。地方政府追求地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是必須的,但是發(fā)展的同時(shí)要做到滿足公眾的環(huán)境生活需要,不能因?yàn)檠矍暗恼円蠛鲆暼罕娚钯|(zhì)量的提高。而時(shí)代發(fā)展催生出了更加注重權(quán)利維護(hù)的公眾群體,公民意識(shí)的蓬勃使得公眾的主人公意識(shí)更加強(qiáng)烈,對(duì)于侵犯和破壞自身生存權(quán)、環(huán)境權(quán)的事件都積極采取一定的措施以示抗議。這都對(duì)地方政府的治理方式和手段提出了更高要求。筆者正是從環(huán)境群體性事件這一視角出發(fā),對(duì)當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)中的理性社會(huì)人進(jìn)行整合分析。政府的治理之道需要隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展而進(jìn)步,一方面實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)社會(huì)的有效治理,一方面促進(jìn)社會(huì)公民價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)。政府、公民及非政府組織之間的微妙關(guān)系需要加以理順,在當(dāng)前的多元化社會(huì)中實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的協(xié)商與合作。重視公眾的環(huán)境權(quán),實(shí)現(xiàn)政府主導(dǎo)下多主體共同治理局面,各主體在協(xié)商一致的基礎(chǔ)上達(dá)成共識(shí),共同解決環(huán)境發(fā)展問題。筆者據(jù)此實(shí)地調(diào)查了上海市松江區(qū)國軒電池廠事件的發(fā)展始末,以此為個(gè)案分析,從中感受到松江區(qū)政府處理該次環(huán)境群體性事件的方式做法,體會(huì)政府對(duì)松江區(qū)人民負(fù)責(zé)的精神。當(dāng)然,其中也存在一些值得改進(jìn)的不足之處,筆者將在文中進(jìn)行分析。為了更好的了解公眾對(duì)環(huán)境群體性事件的認(rèn)知,筆者設(shè)計(jì)并發(fā)放了調(diào)查問卷,以期獲得更真實(shí)更具體的公眾想法,為本文的寫作提供事實(shí)依據(jù)。發(fā)揮公眾在日益強(qiáng)大的公民社會(huì)中的作用必不可少,尤其是社會(huì)組織的積極作用不容忽視。要防控類似環(huán)境群體性事件,政府需要更新治理之道,發(fā)揮協(xié)商民主精神,吸收公民、非政府組織等其他社會(huì)主體加入其中,以此實(shí)現(xiàn)地區(qū)的良性持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The relationship between ecological environment and political life is more and more close, and our country is in the "environment sensitive period". This precisely confirms the importance of environmental quality to the public and the public's expectations and requirements for the government. For the current environmental problems, scholars try to explain from different angles, such as Pigou's theory of externality. Through positive externality reward and negative externality tax to increase people's enthusiasm for environmental protection, reduce environmental pollution, such as environmental Kuznets curve and other theories. However, our country is similar to Xiamen PX incident. Shifang molybdenum and copper, Jiangsu Qidong and other environmental group events one after another, for such incidents of empirical analysis is very necessary. How to more in line with the actual situation from the perspective. What about gaining the most useful experience to help governments better govern society? It is from this point that the author carries on the research and analysis. It is necessary for the local government to pursue the local economic development, but at the same time, it is necessary to meet the environmental needs of the public. We can not ignore the improvement of the quality of life because of the current achievements. And the development of the times has given birth to a more attention to the protection of rights of the public groups, civic awareness of the booming public awareness of the protagonist more strongly. To violate and destroy one's own right to life. The events of environmental rights have taken certain measures to protest, which have put forward higher requirements to the local governments' ways and means of governance. The author is just from the perspective of environmental group events. The rational social people in the current economic and social integration analysis. The governance of the government needs to progress with the development of society, on the one hand, to achieve effective governance of society. On the one hand, promoting the realization of social citizenship value. The delicate relationship between government, citizens and non-governmental organizations needs to be straightened out, in the current pluralistic society to achieve better consultation and cooperation, and to attach importance to the environmental rights of the public. Under the leadership of the government, multi-agent governance situation, the main body on the basis of consensus reached consensus. The author investigated the development of Guoxuan Battery Factory in Songjiang District of Shanghai and took it as a case study. From the experience of the Songjiang District Government to deal with the environmental group incident, experience the spirit of government responsibility to the people of Songjiang District. Of course, there are also some shortcomings worthy of improvement. In order to better understand the public understanding of environmental group events, the author designed and distributed a questionnaire, in order to obtain more real and more specific public thoughts. To provide a factual basis for the writing of this article. It is necessary to play the role of the public in the increasingly powerful civil society, especially the positive role of social organizations can not be ignored. To prevent and control similar environmental group events. The government needs to renew the way of governance, give play to the spirit of democratic consultation, and attract citizens, non-governmental organizations and other social subjects to participate in it, so as to realize the healthy and sustainable development of the region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D630;D621.5

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