發(fā)布時間：2017-12-27 18:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：瀾滄江—湄公河流域跨界綜合調(diào)度國際法制度建設(shè)研究　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 瀾滄江-湄公河 江河綜合調(diào)度 合作機(jī)制 國際水法 互動

【摘要】：瀾滄江-湄公河的國際合作法律機(jī)制研究始終是學(xué)界關(guān)注的熱點話題。一直以來,流域各國對于如何利用和保護(hù)瀾滄江-湄公河水資源存在明顯的利益博弈,且因為互信的缺失和水資源功能價值理念的認(rèn)知差異而無法實現(xiàn)全流域合作。特別是在不少人看來,水電建設(shè)與水生態(tài)保護(hù),似乎成為了一對不可調(diào)和的矛盾。由于涉及諸多水利技術(shù)和專業(yè)問題,僅在國際法層面的討論已經(jīng)難以找到突破點。本文從相對中立的水利技術(shù)角度切入,考慮到流域上中游已有較大的總調(diào)節(jié)庫容,引入了"江河綜合調(diào)度"這個概念。在這一技術(shù)指導(dǎo)下所構(gòu)建的合作機(jī)制,將是實現(xiàn)全流域水資源整體利益最優(yōu)與各方共享平衡的最佳方式。本文就圍繞瀾滄江-湄公河的跨界綜合調(diào)度,在法律合作機(jī)制層面進(jìn)行構(gòu)想,并希望通過技術(shù)與法律的互動來解決現(xiàn)有的問題。本文除緒論與結(jié)語外,主體共有四個部分組成。第一部分介紹了瀾滄江-湄公河的自然概況以及水資源的利用現(xiàn)狀和問題,并對流域各國在水資源利用與保護(hù)方面的訴求共識進(jìn)行定位,以尋找到流域水資源全面深入合作的互信基礎(chǔ)。第二部分則是對瀾滄江-湄公河跨界江河綜合調(diào)度的可行性研究。研究內(nèi)容包含了國際水法理論的影響、現(xiàn)有開展的江河綜合調(diào)度的實踐、流域水利工程的規(guī)劃與建設(shè)情況、流域現(xiàn)有重要合作機(jī)制的作用以及外部水政治關(guān)系帶來的不確定性等幾個方面。第三部分對瀾滄江-湄公河跨界綜合調(diào)度中可資借鑒的水資源國際合作法律條文和機(jī)制進(jìn)行了梳理。這是考慮到當(dāng)前的流域管理機(jī)構(gòu)湄公河委員會缺乏足夠權(quán)威性,相關(guān)協(xié)定也未能有效地發(fā)揮作用,因而需要從其它相對成功的水資源共享理念、路徑或模式中獲取經(jīng)驗。第四部分以中國主導(dǎo)下的新瀾滄江-湄公河委員會為構(gòu)想,并在此框架內(nèi)就流域跨界綜合調(diào)度中的調(diào)度需求和法律問題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)論述分析。最后,本文根據(jù)綜合調(diào)度的實際需要對現(xiàn)有湄公河委員會的組織架構(gòu)和運行模式進(jìn)行了調(diào)整和創(chuàng)新,特別要提到的是,新的流域管理機(jī)制將增設(shè)流域水資源綜合調(diào)度局這一機(jī)構(gòu)作為技術(shù)執(zhí)行部門,該機(jī)構(gòu)可按照協(xié)定取得調(diào)度權(quán)限,并依據(jù)綜合調(diào)度方案直接下達(dá)各項調(diào)度指令,完成綜合調(diào)度所設(shè)定的各項目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The study of the legal mechanism of the Lancang Mekong's international cooperation has always been a hot topic of concern in the academic circles. All along, the basin countries for how to use and protect the Lancang Mekong River water resources are obvious and the interests of the game, because of the cognitive differences and lack of the concept of water resources value trust and cannot realize the whole basin cooperation. Especially in the view of many people, the hydropower construction and the water ecological protection seem to be an irreconcilable contradiction. As a result of many water technology and professional problems, it is difficult to find a breakthrough at the level of international law only. From the angle of relatively neutral water conservancy, this paper introduces the concept of "River Comprehensive Dispatching", considering the large total adjustment capacity of the middle reaches of the river basin. The cooperative mechanism under the guidance of this technology will be the best way to realize the balance of the overall interests of the whole basin water resources and the sharing of the parties. This paper will focus on cross-border integrated scheduling of Lancang Mekong River, the concept of cooperation mechanism in the legal level, and hope to solve the existing problems through the interaction between technology and law. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main body consists of four parts. The first part introduces the natural conditions of Lancang Mekong River and the current situation and problems of water resources utilization, and the basin countries located in the pursuit of consensus on the use and protection of water resources in the foundation of mutual trust for river basin water resources comprehensive in-depth cooperation. The second part is the feasibility study of Lancang Mekong transboundary rivers comprehensive scheduling. The research contents include the influence of the international water law theory, the current practice of comprehensive river dispatching, the planning and construction of river basin water conservancy projects, the role of the existing important cooperation mechanisms in the drainage area, and the uncertainty brought by the external water political relations. The third part summarizes some reference for Lancang Mekong transboundary integrated scheduling of water resources in international law and cooperation mechanism. This is due to the lack of authority of the current Mekong River Committee of the watershed management institution, and the relevant agreements also fail to play an effective role. Therefore, we need to get experience from other relatively successful water resources sharing ideas, paths or patterns. In the fourth part, under the guidance of the new Chinese Lancang Mekong River Commission for the idea, and then within the framework of transboundary integrated scheduling and the scheduling requirements and legal issues in detail analysis. Finally, according to the actual needs of integrated scheduling adjustments and innovation of the existing MRC organization structure and mode of operation, in particular, a new watershed management mechanism will add integrated scheduling of Basin Water Resources Bureau of the organization as executive departments, the agency can obtain permission in accordance with the agreement and on the basis of scheduling. Comprehensive scheduling scheme directly issued the instruction, accomplish the goals set by the integrated scheduling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D99

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