本文關(guān)鍵詞：住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)“自動(dòng)續(xù)期”研究　出處：《上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：2007年我國《物權(quán)法》頒布并施行,通過"住宅"與"非住宅"二分的立法例首次提出了"住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)"概念,體現(xiàn)了《物權(quán)法》保障國民住宅權(quán)的立法意愿。同時(shí),《物權(quán)法》第一百四十九條第一款規(guī)定:"住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)期間屆滿的,自動(dòng)續(xù)期",但對(duì)"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"的具體細(xì)則留下了立法空白。本文即圍繞"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"條款進(jìn)行適用條件、法條解釋及制度設(shè)計(jì)的解讀。首先從土地使用權(quán)及其續(xù)期問題的立法及政策變遷著手,通過不同時(shí)期我國法律法規(guī)及國家政策對(duì)土地使用權(quán)的規(guī)定總結(jié)出歷史發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)。同時(shí),本文運(yùn)用比較法研究的方法將住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)與域外的相關(guān)土地權(quán)利期限制度如地上權(quán)、批租制等制度進(jìn)行比較,以期對(duì)我國住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)續(xù)期模式有所借鑒。本文還就住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)"需要續(xù)期"進(jìn)行了合理性論證,從我國土地公有制制度、用益物權(quán)的定限性以及我國房屋壽命的實(shí)際情況三方面進(jìn)行論證。同時(shí)也指出了目前存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)困境,住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)需要續(xù)期,導(dǎo)致了使用權(quán)限縮水、以房養(yǎng)老困境、房地產(chǎn)稅課征受限、民心不穩(wěn)等問題的加劇出現(xiàn)。本文再梳理了 "自動(dòng)續(xù)期"條款與《城市房地產(chǎn)管理法》等其他法律法規(guī)的法律位階與適用關(guān)系,得出《物權(quán)法》"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"條款在住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)續(xù)期問題上應(yīng)排他性優(yōu)先適用的結(jié)論,為本文確立了討論前提。同時(shí)本文嘗試以法律解釋學(xué)的多種方法解釋"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"條款的法律含義,得出自動(dòng)續(xù)期不需申請(qǐng),但可能要求收費(fèi)的結(jié)論。本文的最后一章從物權(quán)行為的變動(dòng)模式中出發(fā),分別探討了法律行為和事實(shí)行為概念下"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"的不同模式,并比較分析了兩種模式的優(yōu)劣,最終得出結(jié)論,即住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)的"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"應(yīng)當(dāng)適用事實(shí)行為模式。在事實(shí)行為模式下再探討了自動(dòng)續(xù)期的具體規(guī)則,提出:"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行階梯式可選擇型收費(fèi)制度,如果不繳費(fèi)也不能妨礙居住的權(quán)利,但可以通過限制交易等方式加以懲治;續(xù)期次數(shù)和期限以1次為宜,70年為限;應(yīng)當(dāng)視物權(quán)是否變動(dòng)而采取有限的登記生效主義;房屋所有權(quán)人明確表示放棄續(xù)期的,可以通過與土地所有權(quán)人協(xié)商一致的方式由政府以合理價(jià)格獲得住宅所有權(quán);"自動(dòng)續(xù)期"的規(guī)范性表達(dá)應(yīng)當(dāng)通過物權(quán)法用益物權(quán)篇編入《民法典》,《土地管理法》也應(yīng)作出相應(yīng)修改。住宅建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)自動(dòng)續(xù)期制度設(shè)立的原則是保障居者有其屋,最終目的是實(shí)現(xiàn)各方利益平衡,促進(jìn)社會(huì)的有序穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In 2007, the property law of China was promulgated and implemented. Through the legislation of two points of "housing" and "non housing", the concept of "the right to use residential land for construction" was put forward for the first time, reflecting the legislative intent of the property law to guarantee the right to residential housing. At the same time, the first paragraph of the 149th article of the property law stipulates: "when the term of housing construction land is expired, it is automatically renewed", but there is a legislative blank for the specific rules of "automatic renewal". This article is the interpretation of the applicable conditions, the interpretation of the law and the design of the system around the "automatic renewal" clause. First of all, from the legislation and policy change of the right to use land and its renewal, we summed up the historical context of development through the provisions of the right to use land in different periods of China's laws and regulations. At the same time, this paper compares the right to use the residential construction land with the related system of land related rights such as the right of land and the system of batch rent by comparing the method of research, so as to draw lessons from the renewal mode of the right to use the housing construction land in China. This paper also makes a reasonable demonstration on the "renewal of demand" for the right to use the housing construction land, and demonstrates it from three aspects: the system of public ownership of land, the limitation of usufructuary right and the actual situation of housing life in China. At the same time also points out the problems existing at present, residential construction land use rights need renewal leads to access to shrink, dilemma, the housing endowment real estate tax problem is limited, morale instability intensifies. This article reviews the other laws and regulations of the automatic renewal "clause with" City real estate management law "and other legal order and applicable relationship, that the" property law "automatic renewal provisions in the residential construction land use rights issues should be the priority for renewal of exclusive conclusion, established the premise for this discussion. At the same time, this paper tries to explain the legal meaning of the term "automatic renewal" by using various methods of legal hermeneutics, and concludes that it is not necessary to apply for automatic renewal, but may charge for it. The last chapter of this paper from the pattern of property right change behavior of respectively discusses the legal act and factual behavior under the concept of "automatic renewal" in different modes, and comparative analysis of two kinds of models, finally draws the conclusion, namely residential construction land use rights "should be applied in the automatic renewal" behavior pattern. In fact the behavior mode of specific rules, the automatic renewal: put forward the automatic renewal shall be implemented stepwise selective charging system, if you do not pay can not hinder the right of residence, but can be through the way of punishing trade restrictions; the renewal number and duration of 1 times better, 70 years; property changes should be considered whether to take limited registration; the house owner expressly waived renewal, by consensus and the owner of the land by the government at a reasonable price for housing ownership; "normative automatic renewal" should be expressed by property law usufructuary right into the discourse of "civil law", "land management law" should also be modified accordingly. The principle of automatic renewal of housing construction land use right is to protect housing ownership. The ultimate goal is to balance the interests of all parties and promote orderly and stable development of society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

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