先前研究表明,瘤胃丁酸灌注可上調(diào)上皮細胞細胞周期蛋白cyclin D1,但其分子機制尚未闡明。本文的目的是研究丁酸對瘤胃上皮乳頭生長的影響及其分子機制,首次探討了瘤胃丁酸灌注對山羊瘤胃上皮細胞增殖和細胞凋亡相關(guān)基因表達的影響。研究分為兩部分:1,瘤胃丁酸灌注實驗;2,瘤胃上皮細胞原代培養(yǎng)實驗。1,瘤胃丁酸灌注實驗二十四只裝有瘤胃瘺管的健康山羊(4月齡;體重19.05±0.43kg)隨機分成兩組:B組(n=12,丁酸50ml 0.3 g/kg·BW/天經(jīng)瘺管灌注到瘤胃)和C組(n=12,經(jīng)瘺管注入相同劑量的緩沖液,但不含丁酸)。每天上午飼喂前1h灌注,實驗期為28天。每組的四只山羊分別在最后一天灌注后的5、7和9小時被屠宰。采集瘤胃上皮樣品,用游標卡尺檢測瘤胃上皮形態(tài)上變化;Real-time PCR法檢測基因表達。采集瘤胃液,用氣象色譜法測定瘤胃內(nèi)揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(SCFA)含量。結(jié)果表明,與對照組相比,丁酸灌注組1小時后瘤胃內(nèi)丁酸濃度增加了 99.77%,且差異顯著,并且持續(xù)了2.5h。瘤胃上皮形態(tài)學數(shù)據(jù)表明,與對照組相比,丁酸灌注組山羊前腹盲囊,腹囊和后腹盲囊在5h時的瘤胃上皮的長度分別...

【文章頁數(shù)】：159 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
    PART-Ⅰ MAMMALIAN GUT
        1. GUT PHYSIOIOGY
        2. GUT BARRIER ITS COMPONENTS AND FUNCTION
        3. EPITHELIAL BARRIER
        4. MUCUS LAYER
        5. CHEMOKINE AND CYTOKINES
        6. PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS(PRRS)
        7. MICROFOID(M)CELL
        8. PANETH CELLS
        9. GUT IMMUNE SYSTEM (INTESTINAL MACROPHAGE, INTESTINAL T LYMPHOCYTES,INTESTINAL DENDRITIC CELLS) AND ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES(AMP)
            9.1 Intestinal macrophages
            9.2 Intestinal T lymphocytes
            9.3 Intestinal Dendritic Cell
    PART-Ⅱ ANATOMY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUMEN
        1. RUMEN ANATOMY AND STRUCTURE
        2. Rumen development
    PART-Ⅲ AN OVERVIEW OF RUMEN FUNCTION
        1. RUMEN FERMENTATION (SCFA PRODUCTION)
        2. TRANSPORTATION THROUGH RUMEN WALL
        3. ROLE OF MONOCARBOXYLATE TRANSPORTERS(MCT)
        4. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
        5. INTRAEPITHELIAL SCFA METABOLISM
        6. HEPATIC AND PERIPHERAL SCFA METABOLISM
        7. FATE OF BUTYRATE IN RUMEN
    PART-Ⅳ EFFECTS OF BUTYRATE ON GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION ANDEPTTHELIAL GROWTH
        1. EFFECTS OF BUTYRATE ON SCFAS ABSORPTION AND PH REGULATION
        2. EFFECTS OF BUTYRATE ON ANIMAL PERFORMANCE AND RUMEN GROWTH
        3. MECHANISM OF BUTYRATE ACTION ON EPITHELIAL PROLIFERATION:
            3.1 Direct pathway (Histone deacetylase inhibitor)
            3.2 Indirect pathway (Role of growth factors:insulin and IGF-1)
        4. EFFECTS OF BUTYRATE ON RUMEN PAPILLAE GROWTH
        5. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF BUTYRATE
        6. APOPTOTIC EFFECT OF BUTYRATE ON CANCER CELLS
    PART-Ⅴ EFFECTS OF BUTYRATE ON EPITHELIAL GROWTH
        1. RUMEN EPITHELIAL PROLIFERATION
        2. POSSIBLE ROLE OF BUTYRATE IN CELL PROLIFERATION AND ASSOCIATED GENEEXPRESSION IN THE RUMEN EPITHELIUM
    PART-Ⅵ RUMINANT HUSBANDRY IN PAKISTAN
        1. HISTORY AND CURRENT SITUATIONS OF RUMINANT HUSBANDRY
            1.1 Nomadic
            1.2 Transhumant
            1.3 Household and sedentary
        2. OVINE AND BOVINE BREEDS AND THE AREA DISTRIBUTION
        3. GOAT STUDY IN PAKISTAN
    REFRENCES
CHAPTER 2 RUMINAL BUTYRATE INFUSION INDUCED PAPILLAE GROWTH IS BASEDON THE REGULATION OF PROLIFERATIVE AND APOPTOTIC GENES INRUMEN EPITHELIUM
    1. MATERIALS AND METHODS
        1.1 Ethical Approval
        1.2 Experimental design, Goat management and infusion method
        1.3 Sample Collection
        1.4 Determina tion of ruminal SCFA concentration
        1.5 Morphometric analysis of rumen papillae
        1.6 Histometric analysis of rumen papillae
        1.7 Quantitative Real-Time PCR
        1.8 Statistical analysis
    2. RESULTS
        2.1 Ruminal SCFA concentration
        2.2 Morphometric analysis of rumen papillae
        2.3 Histometric analysis of Papillae
        2.4 Growth performance of goats
        2.5 Epithelial growth and related gene expression
        2.6 Effect of butyrate on gene expression related to cell cycle and apoptosis
    3. DISCUSSION
        3.1 Ruminal fermentation pattern
        3.2 Morphometric and Histometric analyses of the rumen papillae
        3.3 Growth performance of goats
        3.4 Rumen epithelial proliferation and related gene expression
        3.5 Apoptosis-related gene expression
    SUMMARY
    REFRENCES
CHAPTER 3 IN VITRO EFFECT OF BUTYRATE ON GENE EXPRESSION ASSOCIATED CELLPROLIFERATION,CELL CYCLE INHIBITION AND APOPTOSIS
    1. MATERIALS AND METHODS
        1.1 Cell Culture
        1.2 Quantitative Real-Time PCR
        1.3 Statistical analysis
    2. RESULTS
    3. DISCUSSION
    SUMMARY
    REFRENCES
CHAPTER 4 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RUMEN PAPILLAE MORPHOLOGY OF YANGZIRIVER GOAT WITH THREE PAKISTANI GOAT BREEDS VIZ KAMORI,PATERI AND TAPRI UNDER NATURAL GRAZING CONDITION
    1. MATERIAL AND METHODS
        1.1 Sample collection
        1.2 Rumen Papillae Morphology
    2. RESULTS
        2.1 Morphometric analysis of rumen papillae
        2.2 Stomach and rumen weight of of goat breeds
    3. DISCUSSION
    SUMMARY
    REFERENCES
GENERAL CONCLUSION
INNOVATION
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



本文編號：4038120