本文選題：單色光　切入點(diǎn)：鴿　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高,鴿產(chǎn)品日益受到人們的喜愛。鴿養(yǎng)殖業(yè)正值蓬勃發(fā)展,鴿的高效養(yǎng)殖越來越受到關(guān)注。但鴿不同于其他禽類,其尚處于未完全馴化的飼養(yǎng)狀態(tài),已經(jīng)普遍應(yīng)用于禽類生產(chǎn)的人工光照措施還未在鴿養(yǎng)殖中普及,光照制度對(duì)鴿生產(chǎn)和繁殖的影響及其機(jī)制尚不清楚。目前,單色光對(duì)禽類影響已有較多研究,包括禽類的繁殖、生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和行為、免疫力。由于鴿的生產(chǎn)特性與其他家禽不同,而且存在品種、光源及地域等差異,研究結(jié)果不足以指導(dǎo)鴿生產(chǎn)中光照制度的實(shí)施。本實(shí)驗(yàn)旨在通過設(shè)計(jì)不同光照制度,監(jiān)測(cè)單色光光照下的鴿生產(chǎn)性能,為尋找適宜于鴿生產(chǎn)的單色光提供參考依據(jù),并進(jìn)一步利用高通量測(cè)序手段揭示單色光影響鴿繁殖性能的分子調(diào)控機(jī)制。1.本實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了不同單色光光照實(shí)驗(yàn)(15L：9D),光照強(qiáng)度為15.20±0.651x,研究不同單色光對(duì)鴿產(chǎn)蛋性能、乳鴿增重和不同日齡乳鴿的GH、IGF-1濃度的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),紅光能夠有效地提高鴿產(chǎn)蛋量(P0.05),但藍(lán)光組鴿產(chǎn)蛋量下降(P0.05)。與此同時(shí),單色光對(duì)28日齡乳鴿的體重?zé)o影響(P0.05)；但在1-7日齡階段,白光促進(jìn)乳鴿增重(P0.05)；在7-14日齡階段,紅光能夠促進(jìn)乳鴿增重(P0.05)；在14-21日齡階段,藍(lán)光能促進(jìn)乳鴿增重(P0.05)；21-28日齡階段,綠光能夠促進(jìn)乳鴿增重(P0.05)。利用Elisa方法分析不同日齡乳鴿GH、IGF-1濃度的變化,發(fā)現(xiàn)乳鴿體重與GH、IGF-1的關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)律符合其生長(zhǎng)變化規(guī)律。2.為了既能充分利用單色光效應(yīng)又能減輕單色光對(duì)養(yǎng)殖人員的影響,本研究設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)施了單色光補(bǔ)光試驗(yàn)。白天自然光照,早晚補(bǔ)紅、藍(lán)、綠和白光,并確保光照時(shí)長(zhǎng)15 h。結(jié)果顯示,紅光同樣能夠顯著提高鴿的產(chǎn)蛋率和降低破蛋率(P0.05)。在1-101x光照強(qiáng)度下,藍(lán)光組的乳鴿終體重最高(P0.05)；10-201x光照強(qiáng)度下,各光色的乳鴿終體重相近(P0.05)；20 lx以上光照強(qiáng)度下,白光組乳鴿的終體重最低(P0.05)。將兩種光照制度進(jìn)行比較,從經(jīng)濟(jì)的角度而言,單色光補(bǔ)光能夠有效的節(jié)約生產(chǎn)成本,并且不會(huì)對(duì)飼養(yǎng)人員造成影響。從專門化生產(chǎn)而言,紅光能夠提高產(chǎn)蛋量,藍(lán)光能夠提高出雛率。3.對(duì)不同單色光組鴿卵巢組織進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序分析,研究單色光影響鴿繁殖性能的信號(hào)通路及其作用機(jī)制。De novo轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序獲得了158,080條unigenes,紅、藍(lán)和綠光組分別與白光組進(jìn)行比對(duì),共篩選出296條共有差異基因,其中145條為上調(diào)基因。與KEGG數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)途徑進(jìn)行比對(duì),富集程度最高的包括代謝通路、肌動(dòng)蛋白細(xì)胞骨架調(diào)節(jié)和磷酯酰肌醇-3激-酶-絲氨酸/蘇氨酸激酶信號(hào)通路。GO分類中的細(xì)胞過程、細(xì)胞成分和細(xì)胞結(jié)合是最普遍的。預(yù)測(cè)潛在SNPs,共獲得1,096,649個(gè)潛在SNPs,藍(lán)光組的堿基轉(zhuǎn)換比例最高,紅光組最低,并且鑒定出了17,419個(gè)潛在SSRs。重點(diǎn)關(guān)注了與單色光作用息息相關(guān)的生物節(jié)律通路、細(xì)胞周期通路、卵巢類固醇合成通路、類固醇激素生物合成通路和TGFβ信號(hào)通路,并初步獲得關(guān)鍵基因E2F1、HDAC2、RORβ、PER、BMP15、HSD11B1、 Cytochrome P450、BMPR2和Smad10等。4.對(duì)不同單色光組鴿卵巢組織進(jìn)行了small RNA測(cè)序分析,研究單色光條件下,非編碼RNA對(duì)鴿繁殖性能的調(diào)控作用。將紅、藍(lán)光組分別與白光組進(jìn)行比對(duì),共發(fā)現(xiàn)17條已知差異miRNA。靶基因在細(xì)胞周期、Wnt、MAPK、TGF-β、卵母細(xì)胞減數(shù)分裂等生殖相關(guān)的細(xì)胞信號(hào)通路中顯著富集。miR-200、miR-34和miR-122的靶基因在細(xì)胞增殖和凋亡、類固醇激素分泌和排卵等生物過程中富集�？梢�,在卵巢中高表達(dá)的miRNA,如niR-200、 miR-34和miR-122可能通過參與這些信號(hào)通路來調(diào)控鴿繁殖生理活動(dòng)。此外,整合RNA-seq和microRNA-seq數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果分析,miR-34的重要靶基因有E2F3、E2F5和p53,這些靶基因都在細(xì)胞周期中發(fā)揮重要的調(diào)控作用,說明這個(gè)miRNA在細(xì)胞周期調(diào)控中可能發(fā)揮重要作用。此外差異基因HDAC2同樣在p53依賴的信號(hào)通路中發(fā)揮調(diào)控作用。表明單色光所引起的鴿繁殖性能的變化受到轉(zhuǎn)錄組水平及非編碼RNA的協(xié)作調(diào)控。本研究通過將兩種測(cè)序技術(shù)進(jìn)行整合分析,更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)脼槿骊U明單色光照引起的鴿繁殖性能變化的相關(guān)信號(hào)通路及其作用機(jī)制奠定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of living standards, dove products are more and more popular. Pigeon breeding coincided with the vigorous development of efficient farming more and more attention. But the pigeon pigeon is different from other birds, it is still in the breeding state is not fully domesticated, has been widely used in poultry production of artificial light measures are not in pigeon breeding in the popularization of light regime effect on pigeon production and reproduction and its mechanism is still unclear. At present, many studies of monochromatic light on birds, including poultry breeding, growth and behavior, immunity. Due to the production of different characteristics of pigeon and other poultry, and there are varieties, source and regional differences, the results of the study not enough to guide the production of light pigeon system implementation. This experiment aims to design different illumination monitoring system, monochromatic light illumination of the pigeon production performance, to find suitable for the production of monochromatic pigeon Optical reference,.1. molecular mechanism and further the use of high-throughput sequencing method to reveal the monochromatic light ring pigeon breeding performance were studied in the experiment of different monochromatic light illumination experiment (15L:9D), the light intensity was 15.20 + 0.651x, of different monochromatic light on pigeon egg laying performance, weight gain and pigeon pigeon at different ages GH, the influence of IGF-1 concentration. The results showed that the red light can effectively improve the pigeon egg production (P0.05), but the blue pigeon lowproduction (P0.05). At the same time, monochromatic light weight of 28 day old pigeon had no effect (P0.05); but in the 1-7 days of age, white pigeon (P0.05 promote weight gain at the age of 7-14 days); stage, red light can promote the weight of young pigeon (P0.05); at 14-21 days of age, blue light can promote the weight of young pigeon (P0.05); 21-28 days of age, can promote weight gain of Green Pigeon (P0.05). The analysis of different day old pigeon GH using the Elisa method, IGF- 1嫻撳害鐨勫彉鍖，

本文編號(hào)：1608110