【摘要】：目的健康不僅僅是沒有疾病和病癥,而是一種個(gè)體在身體上、精神上、社會(huì)上均完全良好的狀態(tài)。健康自評(píng)是一個(gè)綜合了主觀健康和客觀健康兩個(gè)方面的指標(biāo),能夠較好地反映人們的健康狀況,它與死亡率、醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)利用率和未來(lái)的健康都有很好的聯(lián)系。該研究通過(guò)對(duì)遼寧省成人的健康自評(píng)情況、社會(huì)人口學(xué)特征、生活方式、客觀健康、社會(huì)學(xué)相關(guān)特征等方面的調(diào)查,深入探析遼寧省成人健康自評(píng)狀況及影響因素,不同特征人群的健康狀況變化情況。為政府制定衛(wèi)生決策、配置醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生資源和開展衛(wèi)生服務(wù)提供依據(jù),提高人們的健康水平和生活質(zhì)量,同時(shí)為遼寧省疾病防控提供有意義的結(jié)果。方法本研究在借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外成人健康自評(píng)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,利用北京大學(xué)中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)調(diào)查中心"中國(guó)家庭動(dòng)態(tài)跟蹤調(diào)查"項(xiàng)目組在2012-2014年遼寧省的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),選取16歲及以上的成人作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)遼寧省成人的健康自評(píng)情況進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和有序多分類Logistic回歸分析。具體來(lái)講,分別從人口學(xué)特征、客觀健康、生活方式、收入水平等方面對(duì)遼寧省成人健康自評(píng)情況及影響因素進(jìn)行單因素分析。在單因素分析基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)影響遼寧省成人健康自評(píng)的主要因素進(jìn)行有序多分類Logistic回歸分析。將遼寧省2012年和2014年的成人數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合,比較不同特征人群健康狀況的變化情況。結(jié)果2014年遼寧省有3223成人參與本次調(diào)查,其中男性1588人,女性1635人。在所調(diào)查的人群中,16.82%的人自評(píng)為非常健康,19.83%的人自評(píng)為很健康,35.66%的人自評(píng)為比較健康,10.68%的人自評(píng)為一般,17.01%的人自評(píng)為不健康。從單因素分析結(jié)果看,不同性別、城鄉(xiāng)、教育程度、年齡、婚姻、近兩周患病、嚴(yán)重程度、找醫(yī)生看、慢性病、住院、精神健康、吸煙、飲酒、午休、收入等人群的健康自評(píng)不同(P0.01),是否進(jìn)行體育鍛煉人群的健康自評(píng)無(wú)差異(P0.05)。有序Logistic回歸分析得出,性別、年齡、精神健康、近兩周患病、慢性病、嚴(yán)重程度、住院是健康自評(píng)的影響因素(P0.01)。將2012年和2014年的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行綜合后,2012年自評(píng)為健康的比例為67.27%,自評(píng)為一般的比例為14.00%,自評(píng)為不健康的比例為18.73%;2014年自評(píng)為健康的比例為71.54%,自評(píng)為一般的比例為11.09%,自評(píng)為不健康的比例為17.37%。2012年、2014年間健康變化情況的結(jié)果顯示,整體上有58.02%的人在兩年中處于持續(xù)健康的狀態(tài);3.79%的人在兩年中處于持續(xù)一般的狀態(tài);10.67%的人在兩年中處于持續(xù)不健康的狀態(tài);16.05%的人在兩年中健康狀態(tài)變好,11.47%的人健康狀態(tài)變差。結(jié)論性別、年齡、精神健康狀況、近兩周患病、慢性病、嚴(yán)重程度、住院是影響健康自評(píng)的主要因素。從不同群體健康動(dòng)態(tài)變化情況可看出,男性、年齡小的、鄉(xiāng)村、教育程度高人們的健康狀況比較穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Objective Health is not only the absence of disease and disease, but also a perfect state of the individual physically, mentally and socially. Health self-assessment is a comprehensive subjective and objective health indicators, which can reflect the health status of people. It has a good relationship with mortality, health care service utilization and future health. Based on the investigation of self-assessment of adult health, social demographic characteristics, lifestyle, objective health and sociological characteristics in Liaoning Province, this study explored the status of self-assessment of adult health in Liaoning Province and its influencing factors. Changes in health status of people with different characteristics. It provides the basis for the government to make health decisions, allocate medical and health resources and carry out health services, improve people's health and quality of life, and provide meaningful results for disease prevention and control in Liaoning Province. Methods based on the self-assessment of adult health at home and abroad, the investigation data of China Family dynamic tracking Project of China Social Science Survey Center of Peking University in Liaoning Province from 2012 to 2014 were used. The health self-assessment of adults aged 16 years and over in Liaoning Province was studied by descriptive statistics and ordered multi-classification Logistic regression analysis. Specifically, the self-assessment of adult health in Liaoning Province and its influencing factors were analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics, objective health, lifestyle, income level and so on. On the basis of univariate analysis, the main factors affecting adult health self-assessment in Liaoning Province were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. The adult data of Liaoning Province in 2012 and 2014 were synthesised to compare the changes of health status of population with different characteristics. Results there were 3223 adults in Liaoning province in 2014, including 1588 men and 1635 women. 16.82% of the respondents rated themselves as very healthy, 19.83% as very healthy, 35.66% as relatively healthy, 10.68% as average and 17.01% as unhealthy. According to the results of univariate analysis, sex, urban and rural areas, education, age, marriage, illness in the last two weeks, severity, seeking medical attention, chronic diseases, hospitalization, mental health, smoking, drinking, lunch break, Income and other groups of health self-evaluation of different (P0.01), whether to conduct physical exercise groups of health self-evaluation of no difference (P0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, mental health, illness, chronic disease, severity and hospitalization were the influential factors of health self-assessment (P0.01). After synthesizing the databases in 2012 and 2014, the rate of self-rated health in 2012 was 67.27, that of self-rated as general was 14.00, that of self-rated unhealthy was 18.73; that of 2014 as healthy was 71.54; that of self-rated general was 11.09; and that of since 2014 was 11.09. The proportion rated unhealthy was 17.37.2012, and changes in health in 2014 showed that, Overall, 58.02 percent of the people were in a state of sustained health in two years; 3.79 percent of people were in a general state of health in two years; 10.67 percent of people were in a state of unhealth in two years; 16.05 percent of people were in good health in two years, and 11.47 percent of people were in poor health. Conclusion gender, age, mental health status, illness, chronic disease, severity and hospitalization are the main factors affecting self-assessment of health. It can be seen from the dynamic changes of health of different groups that the health status of male, young, rural and educated people is stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R195

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