【摘要】：目的本實驗以純鈦粉為實驗材料,通過計算機輔助設計(CAD),對鈦試件表面結(jié)構(gòu)進行重新設計,并通過選擇性激光熔覆(SLM)技術制備出表面多孔的鈦試件。通過對試件的彈性模量檢測及動物實驗研究,評價此結(jié)構(gòu)的力學性能及對成骨活性的影響。方法1、選取直徑0-45μm的二級球形鈦粉,通過試件設計改良和CAD,在氬氣(Ar)保護下尋找最優(yōu)激光參數(shù),進行SLM技術制備所需試件。在適當激光參數(shù)條件下,制備出表層不同孔徑大小的試件。同時以傳統(tǒng)大顆粒噴砂酸蝕(SLA)工藝制備的試件為對照組。2、使用場發(fā)射掃描電鏡(FE-SEM)觀察每組試件的表面形貌、孔隙直徑等,并使用X射線能量色散譜儀(EDS)對試件的表面元素成分進行分析。并通過MTS 810萬能電子測試機得到“應力-應變曲線”,比較不同組試件彈性模量差異。3、將三組試件植入兔股骨,在術后4周、8周和12周分別處死,通過肉眼觀察、X線觀察、VG染色觀察骨組織愈合,骨-種植體結(jié)合率(BIC)評價微孔結(jié)構(gòu)對新骨形成的影響。4、使用SPSS 16.0對實驗結(jié)果進行統(tǒng)計學分析。結(jié)果1、大孔徑組試件有明顯銀白色金屬光澤,表面有肉眼可見的孔洞結(jié)構(gòu),電鏡下孔隙近圓形,孔徑范圍在200-250μm之間。小孔徑組試件表面金屬光澤更優(yōu)于大孔徑組,表面未見明顯孔洞結(jié)構(gòu),電鏡下見孔隙范圍在150-200μm之間。兩組試件表面均附有未完全熔融的鈦粉顆粒。SLA試件表面呈暗灰色,無金屬光澤,電鏡下表面呈不規(guī)則的閉孔微孔結(jié)構(gòu)。2、EDS結(jié)果顯示SLA試件表面的碳元素高于SLM試件。通過“應力-應變曲線”測出大孔徑組試件彈性模量27.7±1.3GPa,小孔徑組試件34.5±0.9GPa,SLA試件101.6±1.1GPa。3、在體內(nèi)植入實驗中,種植體-骨組織界面形成良好的骨結(jié)合,在試件表面孔隙中有新骨長入。小孔徑組試件并未表現(xiàn)出比SLA試件更加優(yōu)良的生物學性能,但大孔徑組試件在第8周,骨種植體接觸率達80.77%,相較于小孔徑組的71.91%和SLA的65.22%具有明顯差異(P0.05),在中期骨誘導骨形成的能力上優(yōu)于另兩組。結(jié)論通過軟件設計,使激光在既定程序下制備出的多孔種結(jié)構(gòu)試件,其彈性模量接近人體骨皮質(zhì)�？讖皆�200-250μm之間的多孔試件具有良好的生物相容性和骨誘導作用,使骨愈合時間縮短,促進新骨形成,并能使新骨長入孔隙內(nèi)�？锥吹男纬山档土嗽嚰膹椥阅Ａ�,較傳統(tǒng)植體,更加接近于人體骨松質(zhì)彈性模量,且大孔徑鈦試件彈性模量小于小孔徑鈦小于噴砂酸蝕試件。
[Abstract]:Aim in this experiment, the surface structure of titanium specimen was redesigned by computer aided design (CAD),) with pure titanium powder as the experimental material, and the porous titanium specimen was prepared by selective laser cladding (SLM) technology. The mechanical properties of the structure and its effect on the osteogenesis activity were evaluated by measuring the elastic modulus of the specimen and studying the animal experiment. Methods 1. The second order spherical titanium powder with the diameter of 0-45 渭 m was selected, and the optimum laser parameters were obtained by improving the design of the specimen and CAD, under the protection of argon (Ar), and the required samples were prepared by SLM technology. The samples with different pore sizes were prepared under the appropriate laser parameters. The surface morphology and pore diameter of each sample were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The surface elemental composition of the specimen was analyzed by using X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The "stress-strain curve" was obtained by MTS 810 universal electronic testing machine. The difference of elastic modulus of different groups was compared. The three groups of specimens were implanted into the femur of rabbits. The rabbits were killed at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after operation, respectively. Bone healing was observed by X-ray staining and bone implant bonding rate (BIC) was used to evaluate the effect of micropore structure on the formation of new bone. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the experimental results. Results 1. The samples with large pore size had obvious silver-white metallic gloss, the pore structure was visible to the naked eye on the surface, the pore size was nearly circular under electron microscope, and the pore size ranged from 200 to 250 渭 m. The metallic gloss of the sample with small pore size is better than that of the large pore group. There is no obvious pore structure on the surface, and the pore size ranges from 150 渭 m to 200 渭 m under electron microscope. The surface of the samples was dark gray with incomplete melting titanium particles. The surface of the samples had no metallic gloss. Under the electron microscope, the surface of the samples showed irregular closed pore micropore structure. The results showed that the carbon element on the surface of the SLA specimen was higher than that of the SLM specimen. The elastic modulus of large pore group specimen was 27.7 鹵1.3 GPA, and that of small pore group specimen was 34.5 鹵0.9 GPaSLA-SLA-sample 101.6 鹵1.1 GPa.3.The implant bone interface formed good bone bonding in vivo, and new bone was formed in the surface pore of the specimen. The results showed that the elastic modulus of the specimen was 27.7 鹵1.3 GPA, and that of the small pore size group was 34.5 鹵0.9 GPaSLA-SLA specimen 101.6 鹵1.1 GPa.3.The implant bone interface formed a good bone bonding in vivo. The biological properties of small pore group specimens were not better than those of SLA specimens, but the large pore size specimens showed no biological properties at the 8th week. The contact rate of bone implant reached 80.77%, which was significantly higher than that of small aperture group (71.91%) and SLA (65.22%) (P0.05). Conclusion through the software design, the elastic modulus of the porous specimen prepared by laser under the established procedure is close to that of human bone cortex. The porous specimen with a pore diameter of 200-250 渭 m has good biocompatibility and bone induction, shortens the bone healing time, promotes the formation of new bone, and makes the new bone grow into the pore. The formation of the pore decreases the elastic modulus of the specimen, which is closer to the elastic modulus of the human bone cancellous than the traditional implant, and the elastic modulus of the large aperture titanium specimen is smaller than that of the small pore diameter titanium specimen than that of the sand blast acid etching specimen.
【學位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R783.1

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