【摘要】：中藥莪術(shù)始載于《藥性論》,屬于姜科屬植物,其主要成分有抗病毒、抗腫瘤及抗氧化等藥理活性。本課題在與水蒸氣蒸餾、超聲輔助及加熱回流等提取方法相比較的基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)研究加壓提取對(duì)莪術(shù)成分及活性的影響。主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:1、考察提取方法及加壓提取溶劑、溫度、時(shí)間等因素對(duì)中藥莪術(shù)提取物中成分及體外抗氧化活性的影響。采用高效液相色譜和氣相色譜法對(duì)莪術(shù)提取物中成分進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):采用傳統(tǒng)水蒸氣蒸餾、加熱回流及現(xiàn)代超聲輔助、加壓熱水等四種方法對(duì)莪術(shù)進(jìn)行提取,加壓提取物中成分種類最多,莪術(shù)中的主要成分莪術(shù)二酮及莪術(shù)醇含量較高,加壓提取溫度及時(shí)間對(duì)莪術(shù)提取物中成分含量及種類有影響。采用DPPH自由基清除、OH自由基清除、鐵離子還原能力及脂質(zhì)過氧化等方法考察莪術(shù)提取物的體外抗氧化活性,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):加壓提取溶劑和溫度對(duì)體外抗氧化活性影響比較顯著,其中以水為溶劑,提取溫度為140℃時(shí)體外抗氧化活性相對(duì)較高,并且其抗氧化活性與莪術(shù)中主要成分分布基本一致。2、通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)考察溫度、壓力、液料比、粒徑及時(shí)間等因素對(duì)莪術(shù)提取物得率、莪術(shù)提取物體外抗氧化活性及莪術(shù)中主要成分莪術(shù)二酮提取率的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以莪術(shù)浸膏提取率、莪術(shù)二酮提取率為考察指標(biāo),采用星點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)-響應(yīng)面法對(duì)莪術(shù)加壓熱水提取工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,確定最佳工藝參數(shù)為:提取溫度為113.57℃,提取壓力為0.52 MPa,提取時(shí)間為34.03 min。3、比較加壓熱水提取與傳統(tǒng)方法—加熱回流提取及水蒸氣蒸餾提取,對(duì)所得莪術(shù)提取物體內(nèi)藥理活性及體內(nèi)代謝進(jìn)行初步研究。研究結(jié)果表明:采用三種不同提取方法所得莪術(shù)提取物,均表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的鎮(zhèn)痛作用、抗炎作用、抗凝血作用,并具有促進(jìn)胃腸道平滑肌運(yùn)動(dòng)、提高肝中SOD的活力及抑制肝中MDA的含量的藥理作用,其中以加壓提取物作用效果較強(qiáng),且與劑量大小成正相關(guān)。通過給藥后家兔血漿圖譜監(jiān)測,發(fā)現(xiàn)加壓熱水提取后在一定程度上可以促進(jìn)莪術(shù)中有效成分在體內(nèi)的快速吸收,這對(duì)于改善莪術(shù)中有效成分的體內(nèi)過程具有一定指導(dǎo)意義。綜上,加壓熱水提取技術(shù)不但具有提取效率高、綠色無污染等優(yōu)勢,而且具有一定的改善提取物的活性及體內(nèi)過程的作用,這為中藥現(xiàn)代化研究開辟了新的方法和途徑。
[Abstract]:Rhizoma Curcumae, which belongs to the family Curcumae, and its main components include antiviral, antitumor and antioxidation activities. On the basis of comparison with steam distillation, ultrasonic assisted extraction and heating reflux, the effect of pressure extraction on the composition and activity of Curcuma curcumae was studied. The main contents and results are as follows: 1. The effects of extraction method, solvent, temperature and time on the components and antioxidant activity of the extract of Curcuma curcumae in vitro were investigated. The components of curcuma curcumae extract were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography. The results showed that: traditional steam distillation, heating reflux and modern ultrasonic assisted extraction, pressurized hot water were used to extract Curcuma curcumae. The content of curcuma diketone and zedoary alcohol in the main components of zedoary curcuma was higher than that in the extract under pressure, and the temperature and time of pressure extraction had influence on the content and type of components in the extract of curcuma curcumae. The antioxidant activity of the extract of Curcuma curcumae was investigated by DPPH radical scavenging, iron ion reduction and lipid peroxidation in vitro. The results showed that pressure extraction solvent and temperature had significant effects on the in vitro antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity in vitro was relatively high at the extraction temperature of 140 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2217082