【摘要】：中醫(yī)美容是當(dāng)前醫(yī)學(xué)美容的一大熱點(diǎn),潤(rùn)膚澤面方不僅對(duì)健康皮膚的美容保健有作用,還對(duì)損容性疾病的外治有幫助,故研究具有潤(rùn)澤肌膚功效的美容方有重要意義。本課題選取《肘后備急方》《備急千金要方》《千金翼方》《外臺(tái)秘要方》《醫(yī)心方》《太平圣惠方》《圣濟(jì)總錄》《御藥院方》《普濟(jì)方》《衛(wèi)生易簡(jiǎn)方》《魯府禁方》《香奩潤(rùn)色》中具有明確的潤(rùn)澤肌膚功效,或具有治療皮膚干燥、粗糙、皸裂等作用的方劑,共275首。去除內(nèi)容重復(fù)的方劑,共有167首潤(rùn)膚澤面方,其中《肘后備急方》6首、《備急千金要方》23首、《千金翼方》8首、《外臺(tái)秘要方》20首、《醫(yī)心方》5首、《太平圣惠方》35首、《圣濟(jì)總錄》5首、《御藥院方》5首、《普濟(jì)方》50首、《衛(wèi)生易簡(jiǎn)方》3首、《魯府禁方》1首、《香奩潤(rùn)色》6首。運(yùn)用整理、歸納、統(tǒng)計(jì)、分析的方法,對(duì)167首潤(rùn)膚澤面方進(jìn)行了初步研究,結(jié)果如下:依據(jù)《中藥學(xué)》第二版教材、《中藥大辭典》第二版對(duì)藥物進(jìn)行整理歸納,統(tǒng)一名稱,共得藥物241味。對(duì)這241味藥物進(jìn)行頻次統(tǒng)計(jì),頻次在10次以上的藥物依次是:白芷、川芎、辛夷、白附子、零陵香、桃仁、商陸、葳蕤、藁本、酒、杏仁、細(xì)辛、豬胰、麝香、當(dāng)歸、茯苓、土瓜根、冬瓜子、丁香、防風(fēng)、白斂、瓜蔞、白術(shù)、豬脂膏、甘松、白僵蠶、藿香、白及、鸕鶿屎、皂莢、白鵝脂、密陀僧、菟絲子、蠟、大棗、雞子白、蜜、青木香、羊髓、沉香、大豆、玉屑、梔子花。對(duì)藥物的性味、歸經(jīng)、功效進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),以《中藥學(xué)》《中藥大辭典》為依據(jù),若《中藥學(xué)》已收錄該藥,則以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn);若未收錄該藥,則以《中藥大辭典》為標(biāo)準(zhǔn);若《中藥大辭典》也未收錄該藥,則該藥不計(jì)入性味、歸經(jīng)、功效的統(tǒng)計(jì)。頻次在10次以上的41味藥物中,甘味藥和辛味藥出現(xiàn)頻次最高,溫性藥物頻次最高,藥物歸經(jīng)以脾、肺、胃經(jīng)為主。頻次在5次以上的71味藥物中,使用頻率最高的是補(bǔ)虛藥,其次是清熱藥、解表藥和理氣藥,此三類藥將近占總藥物的一半。潤(rùn)膚澤面方中應(yīng)用了大量的有毒藥物,共32味,其中使用頻次最多的為白附子、桃仁、商陸、酒、杏仁、細(xì)辛。潤(rùn)膚澤面方中有90首方劑具有治療作用,其中最多的是治療面(?)和皴裂的方子。統(tǒng)計(jì)分析顯示潤(rùn)膚澤面方有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn):1.預(yù)防為主,治養(yǎng)結(jié)合,"未病先防,既病防變",在治療的同時(shí)可以滋養(yǎng)肌膚,在養(yǎng)護(hù)的同時(shí)可以防治疾病,雙管齊下,協(xié)同作用,保持健康亮麗的肌膚。2.劑型多種多樣,用法有講究。劑型有澡豆、面脂、面膏、膠劑、散劑、湯劑等。不同的方劑其制作方法和使用方法均有不同,如散劑有像澡豆一樣洗手面的,有調(diào)和后涂面的,還有像去角質(zhì)膏似的涂摩。3.藥味不拘多少,調(diào)配靈活多變。潤(rùn)膚澤面方中既有單方,也有幾十味藥組成的復(fù)方;藥物既可以單獨(dú)應(yīng)用,也可以組成配方。且配方可以根據(jù)季節(jié)等變化而改變。4.補(bǔ)益藥配伍清熱藥、解表藥、理氣藥。在潤(rùn)膚澤面方中多是補(bǔ)益藥配伍清熱藥、解表藥、理氣藥,調(diào)和氣血,祛邪扶正,潤(rùn)澤肌膚。多使用動(dòng)物脂肪補(bǔ)虛、潤(rùn)膚,芳香理氣藥行氣、活血、通絡(luò)并防止面脂等變質(zhì)。5.合理應(yīng)用有毒中藥,祛腐生肌,加快皮膚新陳代謝,使肌膚潤(rùn)澤。國(guó)家規(guī)定了在制作護(hù)膚品過程中,某些有毒藥物禁止添加或限定劑量,如含鉛類藥物。但有些藥物未見明確的皮膚損害報(bào)道,有關(guān)桃仁、杏仁、細(xì)辛、牛腦等藥物外用對(duì)皮膚的副作用需進(jìn)一步研究。6.說明使用注意事項(xiàng),原文中說明方劑的使用時(shí)節(jié)及貯藏方法,或使用禁忌,如"慎風(fēng)日""不得見大風(fēng)日""勿見風(fēng)""勿使皂莢""忌近火炙手"。7.適當(dāng)考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)消費(fèi)能力,潤(rùn)膚澤面方中使用的藥物大多數(shù)是常用的、平民化的藥物,昂貴的藥物較少。比如珍珠、玉屑、檀香、阿膠、鹿角等使用頻率較低。這樣使得藥物美容自唐以后逐漸進(jìn)入平民百姓家,成為整個(gè)社會(huì)的潮流趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:Chinese medicine cosmetology is one of the hot spots in medical cosmetology. It is not only useful for the healthy skin, but also for the external treatment of damaged diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the cosmetic prescription that has the function of moisturizing skin. Heart recipe > < Tai Ping Sheng Fang > < St. Francis > < St. Francis > > < imperial medicine "> < Puji Fang > < hygienic simple recipe > Lu Fu Fang > Lu Fu Fang >" fragrant moisturizing color ", or has a prescription for treating skin dry, rough, chapped and so on. A total of 275 prescriptions for removal of repeated contents, there are a total of 167 emollients and lustre sides, of which < elbow reserve emergency >6 first, < >23 head for emergency thousand gold, < thousand gold wing square >8 first, < outer platform secret >20 head, < Medical Center >5 head, < Tai Ping Shenghui >35 head, < Shengji general directory >5 first, < Royal medicine department >50 head, < Pu Ji Fang >3 first, < Lu Fu Fang >1 head, < Xiang Jing Luosi >6 first. Use finishing, induction, statistics, analysis methods, the 167 emollients were carried out. Preliminary study, the results are as follows: according to the textbook of Chinese Medicine > Second Edition, "Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine" and second edition, the drugs are sorted and summed up, the name is unified, and a total of 241 flavors are obtained. The frequency statistics of the 241 flavors and more than 10 times are: Radix Angelicae dahuricae, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Xinyi, white aconite, Lingling fragrance, peach kernel, Phytolacca, luxuriant, Ligusticum, wine, apricot Benevolence, asarum, Poria, tuckahoe, tuckahoe, melon root, winter melon seed, lilac, wind proof, white collection, Trichosanthes, Rhizoma Atractylodes, Gansong, white silkworm, Rhizoma Bletillae, cormorant shit, dioscormorum, white goose fat, monk, dodder, wax, jujube, chicken white, honey, green wood, sheep pulp, sauces, sauces, jade and gardenia. If "Chinese pharmacy > Chinese Medicine Dictionary >" as the basis, if < Chinese Medicine > has been included in the medicine, it is the standard; if the medicine is not included, the Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine is the standard; if the Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine is not included in the medicine, the drug is not included in the sexual taste, and the efficacy is counted. Among the 41 drugs more than 10 times, the frequency of the sweet and bitter drugs appears frequency. The highest frequency, the highest frequency of the temperature, the highest frequency of the drugs, the drug is mainly the spleen, lung, and stomach meridian. Among the 71 drugs more than 5 times, the highest frequency is the supplement of deficiency drugs, the second is the antipyretic medicine, the antipyretic drugs and the physical Qi medicine, and the three kinds of drugs are nearly half of the total drugs. A large number of toxic drugs are used in the emollient and Zeno side, with a total of 32 flavors, of which frequency frequency is used frequently. The most of the 90 prescriptions for aconite, peach kernel, Phytolacca, wine, almond, asarum and luster have therapeutic effect, the most of which are the treatment surface (?) and the chapped square. The statistical analysis shows that the emollient and lustre face has the following characteristics: 1. prevention mainly, cure the knot, "prevent disease first, prevent disease prevention and change", and nourish the muscles at the same time of treatment. Skin, in the maintenance of the disease can prevent and cure, double control, synergy, synergy, to maintain a healthy and bright skin.2. dosage forms are varied, use is exquisite. The dosage forms are bath beans, face fat, flour paste, glue, powder, soup and so on. Surface, as well as exfoliating paste like smear.3. medicine taste not limited, flexible and changeable. Emollient face square, also have dozens of flavors of compound compound; drugs can be used alone, can also form a formula. And the formula can be changed according to the season and other changes in.4. tonics, antipyretic drugs, physical medicine. In Zawa, it is the combination of tonic medicine, antipyretic medicine, antipyretic, Qi and Qi, Qi and blood, dispelling evil spirits, and moistening skin. The use of animal fat filling deficiency, emollient skin, aromatic and natural gas, activating blood, dredging collaterals and preventing surface fat and other metamorphic.5. use toxic traditional Chinese medicine, quicken the skin metabolism, make skin moist. In the process of skin care, some toxic drugs are prohibited to add or limit the dosage, such as lead containing drugs. But some drugs have not been reported for clear skin damage. The side effects of drugs for the skin, such as peach kernel, almond, asarum and bovine brain, need to be further studied by.6. instructions. In the original, the use of the prescriptions and the storage parties are shown in the original. The law, or the use of taboos, such as "Shen Feng day" "do not see the wind day" "do not see the wind" "do not make Gleditsia" "avoid near fire hand".7. appropriate consideration of economic consumption, most of the drugs used in the moisturizing and luster side of the drugs are commonly used, civilian drugs, expensive drugs less. For example, pearl, jade, sandalwood, Ejiao, antler and other use frequency is lower. So make The beauty of medicine has gradually entered the civilian population since Tang Dynasty, and has become the trend of the whole society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R289.5

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