本文選題：FODMAPs + 氫呼氣試驗(yàn)��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景與目的:可酵解的低聚糖、雙糖、單糖和多元醇(FODMAPs)是食品中常見一類的碳水化合物,因其可被結(jié)腸細(xì)菌發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生氣體和短鏈脂肪酸(SCFA),從而可能誘發(fā)包括腸易激綜合征等功能性胃腸病患者產(chǎn)生消化道癥狀。為了研究FODMAPs在人腸道內(nèi)的發(fā)酵情況,可采用體內(nèi)或體外兩種研究方式。體內(nèi)發(fā)酵研究可以真實(shí)反應(yīng)腸道菌群的發(fā)酵情況,但卻費(fèi)時(shí)繁瑣;而在體外發(fā)酵研究相對(duì)省時(shí)便捷,但卻不可能完全模擬出腸道內(nèi)環(huán)境情況。目前關(guān)于不同F(xiàn)ODMAPs的發(fā)酵情況以及體外批量發(fā)酵系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確性評(píng)估的研究尚為有限。方法:2016年9月至2017年2月通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)招募健康志愿者,受試者完成3次氫呼氣試驗(yàn),底物分別為低聚果糖(FOS)、低聚半乳糖(GOS)和木糖醇(XYI),檢測(cè)4小時(shí)內(nèi)呼氣中的氫濃度;并在每次試驗(yàn)的第0、2小時(shí)分別留取靜脈血樣本,測(cè)定SCFA含量。同時(shí)收集受試者糞便樣本進(jìn)行體外發(fā)酵,分別選用FOS培養(yǎng)基、GOS培養(yǎng)基和XYI培養(yǎng)基,并用基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)基(YCFA)作為對(duì)照;發(fā)酵48小時(shí),取第0、24和48小時(shí)樣本測(cè)定SCFA含量;并測(cè)定第24小時(shí)培養(yǎng)瓶內(nèi)壓強(qiáng)。分析不同底物發(fā)酵后的氣體和SCFA變化情況,同時(shí)比較體內(nèi)外發(fā)酵在氣體增量和SCFA增量上的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:共納入15例健康志愿者,男性7例,女性8例,平均年齡37.53±13.11歲。(1)FOS 4 小時(shí)氫氣呼出總量為 3845±3207.10ppm,GOS 為 2734.13±2215.78ppm,兩者均高于XYI的564.0±458.76ppm,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05);但血漿SCFA在攝入底物2小時(shí)后的濃度較基礎(chǔ)值變化不明顯。FOS、GOS、XYI體外發(fā)酵第24小時(shí)的壓強(qiáng)無顯著差異,但XYI發(fā)酵48小時(shí)的產(chǎn)丙酸、丁酸量均顯著高于FOS和GOS(p0.05)。(2)FODMAPs在不同個(gè)體間發(fā)酵水平差異較大。FOS體外發(fā)酵壓強(qiáng)的最大值為56.9KPa,最小值為4.0kPa,平均數(shù)為18.47KPa,GOS分別為 53.2、-0.7、15.73KPa;XYI 分別為 30.5、3.0、11.76KPa。FOS 體外發(fā)酵48小時(shí)產(chǎn)總酸量的最大值為54.98mmol/L,最小值為4.51mmol/L,平均數(shù)為26.21mmol/L;GOS 分別為 53.36、7.99、30.55mmol/L;XYI 分別為 80.91、35.86、51.74mmol/L。(3)氫呼氣試驗(yàn)4小時(shí)產(chǎn)氫氣總量和體外發(fā)酵24小時(shí)壓強(qiáng)呈正相關(guān)(r=0.438,p0.01);但體內(nèi)發(fā)酵2小時(shí)和體外發(fā)酵24小時(shí)或48小時(shí)的SCFA生成量均未發(fā)現(xiàn)一致性。結(jié)論:FODMAPs在人體內(nèi)的發(fā)酵能力因著其種類和不同個(gè)體而有所差異;FODMAPs在體外批量的發(fā)酵研究結(jié)果可以在一定程度上反映對(duì)應(yīng)底物在人體內(nèi)的發(fā)酵情況。
[Abstract]:Background & objective: glycolytic oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyol FODMAPsare common carbohydrates in foods. It may induce gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, because it can produce gas and short chain fatty acid (SCFAA) by colonic bacteria fermentation. In order to study the fermentation of FODMAPs in human intestinal tract, in vivo or in vitro, two kinds of research methods can be used. Fermentation in vivo can truly reflect the fermentation of intestinal flora, but it is time-consuming and cumbersome. In vitro fermentation is relatively time-saving and convenient, but it is impossible to completely simulate the intestinal environment. At present, studies on fermentation conditions of different FODMAPs and accuracy evaluation of batch fermentation system in vitro are limited. Methods: healthy volunteers were recruited through internet from September 2016 to February 2017. The subjects completed three hydrogen breath tests, the substrates were fructose oligosaccharide (FOS), galactooligosactooligosactooligosaccharide (GOS) and xylitol (XYI), and the hydrogen concentration in the breath was measured within 4 hours. Venous blood samples were collected at 0 h of each trial to determine the content of SCFA. At the same time, the fecal samples were collected for in vitro fermentation. The FOS medium and XYI medium were used as control medium, respectively, and the SCFA content was measured at the 24th and 48th hour after 48 hours of fermentation. The pressure in culture bottle at 24 hours was measured. The changes of gas and SCFA after fermentation with different substrates were analyzed, and the correlation between gas increment and SCFA increment in vitro and in vivo was compared. Results: a total of 15 healthy volunteers were included, including 7 males and 8 females. The average age was 37.53 鹵13.11 years old. The total exhalation of hydrogen gas was 3845 鹵3207.10 ppm-1 路h, 2734.13 鹵2215.78 ppm, both were higher than 564.0 鹵458.76 ppm of XYI, the difference was statistically significant (p 0.05), but the concentration of plasma SCFA was not significantly different from the basic value after 2 hours of substrate intake. There was no significant difference in pressure at the 24th hour, But XYI fermented for 48 hours to produce propionic acid, The content of butyric acid was significantly higher than that of FOS and GOS(p0.05).(2)FODMAPs. The maximum pressure of in vitro fermentation was 56.9 KPA, the minimum value was 4.0 KPA, and the average value was 18.47 KPa-15.73KPa-XYI was 30.53.011.76KPa.FOS produced total acid in vitro for 48 hours. The maximum value is 54.98 mmol / L, the minimum value is 4.51 mmol / L, the average is 26.21 mmol / L, the average GOS is 53.36 mg / L 7.99 渭 g / L 30.55 mmol / L, respectively. The XYI of hydrogen exhalation test is 80.91g / L 35.86 mg / L 51.74 mmol / L 路L ~ (3) hydrogen production in vitro has a positive correlation with the pressure of 24 h fermentation in vitro, but the in vivo fermentation for 2 hours and in vitro fermentation for 24 hours or No consistency was found in 48 hours of SCFA production. Conclusion the fermentation ability of FODMAPs in human body is different according to its species and individuals. The results of batch fermentation of FODMAPs in vitro can reflect the fermentation of corresponding substrates in human body to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R57

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