發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-10 13:42

  本文選題：口腔頜面外科 + 疾病譜　； 參考：《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景:經(jīng)過(guò)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的努力,我國(guó)口腔頜面外科從誕生走向成熟,頜面外科疾病的分類、構(gòu)成及診治在學(xué)科發(fā)展過(guò)程中不斷地發(fā)生變化。改革開(kāi)放后,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平改善,大眾對(duì)口腔問(wèn)題的關(guān)注度日益提高,口腔疾病的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)成為學(xué)者們研究的熱點(diǎn)。目的:對(duì)口腔頜面外科住院病人主要疾病構(gòu)成的種類及變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行探討,分析住院病人疾病譜的演變過(guò)程,為醫(yī)療工作者的臨床及科研工作提供數(shù)據(jù)參考,并填補(bǔ)遼南地區(qū)口腔疾病譜研究的空缺。方法:對(duì)大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院口腔頜面外科2002年1月1日至2015年12月31日期間收治的9617例住院病人臨床資料進(jìn)行回顧分析。結(jié)果:1、口腔頜面外科病房共計(jì)收治9617例患者,男女比為1.5:1,患者平均年齡為44.3±19.7歲,住院病人數(shù)量逐年增加。2、排名前三位的疾病類型為頜面部腫瘤(3259例,33.8%),唾液腺疾病(2754例,28.6%),頜面部損傷(2420例,25.2%)。2012-2015年對(duì)比2002-2005年頜面部腫瘤及唾液腺疾病患者比重分別上升了 5.9%、2.8%,損傷及唇腭裂患者呈下降趨勢(shì)。3、住院病人疾病構(gòu)成排名前十位的是骨折、多形性腺瘤、頜骨囊腫、骨內(nèi)固定物取出(骨折及腫瘤術(shù)后)、沃辛瘤、軟組織損傷、淋巴結(jié)炎、粘液囊腫、間隙感染、血管瘤。住院病人中腫瘤患者(5076例)比重為52.8%,疾病譜前15位中有9種為腫瘤。4、頜面部損傷患者男女比3.77:1,交通傷、打架斗毆傷、摔傷在頜面部外傷原因中排名前三位,下頜骨、顴骨、上頜骨為最常見(jiàn)的骨折部位,骨折患者男女比為4:1,人均骨折1.6處。5、頜面部腫瘤患者良、惡性之比為2.20:1,頜骨囊腫(613例)及舌癌(177例)分別為我科最常見(jiàn)的頜面部良、惡性腫瘤。惡性淋巴瘤在惡性腫瘤中所占比重僅次于舌癌,主要發(fā)病部位是頸部和腮腺。6、1817例涎腺腫瘤良、惡性之比為5.9:1,多形性腺瘤及腺樣囊性癌分別為最常見(jiàn)的涎腺良、惡性腫瘤,腮腺是最常見(jiàn)的涎腺腫瘤發(fā)病部位,在良、惡性腫瘤中所占比值分別為81.5%、59.5%。結(jié)論:1、頜面外科住院患者逐年增加,青年組(15～44歲)患者居首位,平均年齡高于深圳等南方地區(qū)。病人年齡段分布與其他地區(qū)間存在差異,與大連市人口結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系密切。2、主要疾病類型為頜面部腫瘤、唾液腺疾病及損傷,腫瘤患者的比重最大且呈上升趨勢(shì)。頜面部創(chuàng)傷患者的構(gòu)成比逐年下降,與本地區(qū)交通環(huán)境的改善有關(guān)。3、大連市頜面外科住院病人疾病構(gòu)成與北京、上海等一線城市不同,住院病人疾病譜在不同地區(qū)、不同級(jí)別的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)中相差明顯。4、腫瘤、唾液腺疾病及損傷三種類型疾病的住院患者構(gòu)成情況與國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)報(bào)道基本一致。
[Abstract]:Background: after more than half a century's efforts, oral and maxillofacial surgery in China has evolved from birth to maturity, and the classification, composition, diagnosis and treatment of maxillofacial surgery diseases have been constantly changing in the course of discipline development.Since the reform and opening up, the social and economic level has improved, the attention of the public to oral problems has been increasing, and the development trend of oral diseases has become a hot topic for scholars.Objective: to explore the types and trends of major diseases in oral and maxillofacial surgery inpatients, to analyze the evolution of disease spectrum of inpatients, and to provide data reference for the clinical and scientific research of medical workers.And fill the gap of oral disease spectrum research in southern Liaoning.Methods: the clinical data of 9617 inpatients in oral and maxillofacial surgery of the first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 9617 patients were admitted to the oral and maxillofacial surgery ward. The ratio of male to female was 1.5: 1. The average age of the patients was 44.3 鹵19.7 years old.The number of hospitalized patients increased year by year. The top three disease types are maxillofacial tumor 3259 cases with tumor 33.8T, salivary gland disease 2754 cases with 28.6T, maxillofacial injury 2420 cases with maxillofacial tumor and salivary gland disease between 2002-2005 and the proportion of patients with maxillofacial neoplasms and salivary gland diseases increased respectively.The patients with injuries and cleft lip and palate showed a downward trend. The top ten diseases of hospitalized patients were fractures.Pleomorphic adenoma, jaw cyst, intraosseous fixation (fracture and tumor after operation, Waxinoma, soft tissue injury, lymphadenitis, mucocele, interspace infection, hemangioma.The proportion of cancer patients was 52.8%. Nine of the top 15 diseases were tumor. The ratio of male and female patients with maxillofacial injury was 3.77: 1. Traffic injury, fight and fight injury, fall were the top three causes of maxillofacial trauma, mandible and zygomatic bone.The maxillary bone was the most common fracture site. The ratio of male and female fracture was 4: 1, the average fracture was 1.6. The ratio of malignant to benign was 2.20: 1, the ratio of malignant to malignant was 2.20: 1, and tongue cancer was the most common benign and malignant tumor in maxillofacial region.The proportion of malignant lymphoma in malignant tumors is second only to that of tongue cancer. The main site of the disease is the cervical and parotid gland tumors. 1817 cases of salivary gland tumors are benign, the malignant ratio is 5.9: 1. Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma are respectively the most common salivary gland benign and malignant tumors.Parotid gland is the most common site of salivary gland tumor, the ratio of benign and malignant tumors is 81.5% and 59.5% respectively.Conclusion the number of inpatients in maxillofacial surgery increased year by year, and the young group (1544 years old) was the first. The average age was higher than that in Shenzhen and other southern areas.The age distribution of patients was different from that of other regions and had a close relationship with the population structure of Dalian. The main types of diseases were maxillofacial tumors salivary gland diseases and injuries. The proportion of tumor patients was the largest and increased.The proportion of patients with maxillofacial trauma is decreasing year by year, which is related to the improvement of traffic environment in this area. The disease composition of maxillofacial surgery inpatients in Dalian is different from that in first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and the disease spectrum of hospitalized patients is in different regions.There were significant differences among different levels of medical institutions. The inpatients' constitution of tumor, salivary gland disease and injury was basically consistent with the related reports in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R782
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本文編號(hào)：1731430