本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低碳農(nóng)業(yè) 發(fā)展模式 碳排放 陜西省　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：陜西省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的過程中,人口、資金等要素大量涌向城市,農(nóng)村發(fā)展積累下的種種矛盾面臨爆發(fā)。受生產(chǎn)方式影響,農(nóng)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為溫室氣體的主要來源,隨著氣候變化加劇,探尋農(nóng)業(yè)未來的發(fā)展道路就成為國內(nèi)外學(xué)者研究的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的相關(guān)研究已初具成果,但針對地方實(shí)際情況提出具體發(fā)展模式的研究還很少。本文對陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式的研究是對于生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的一個重要理論補(bǔ)充與實(shí)踐驗證。本文針對陜西省關(guān)中、陜北、陜南三個地區(qū)討論低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式的構(gòu)建,是破解陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展瓶頸和制約的重要舉措,是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與生態(tài)保護(hù)的現(xiàn)實(shí)途徑,是強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)、激發(fā)農(nóng)村活力的有力保障。論文主要按照理論分析和實(shí)證研究相結(jié)合的研究思路開展工作。首先,在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外研究綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,初步構(gòu)建低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的基本理論體系。其次,結(jié)合陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和因素制約,分析影響低碳農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)的主要影響因素,并對陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平做出評價。再次,借鑒已有低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的成功經(jīng)驗和做法,根據(jù)陜西省現(xiàn)有模式的實(shí)際情況,構(gòu)建符合關(guān)中、陜南、陜北地區(qū)特色的低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式,通過對農(nóng)戶調(diào)研得知影響農(nóng)戶低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式采納意愿的主要因素。最后,對陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式的運(yùn)行機(jī)制加以詳細(xì)分析,并總結(jié)了論文的主要成果,為理清陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展思路奠定堅實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。論文主要結(jié)論如下:(1)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論、低碳鄉(xiāng)村理論是低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的理論基礎(chǔ),貫穿全文并支撐起低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的框架。低碳農(nóng)業(yè)是一個把農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)、資源高效利用融為一體的新型綜合農(nóng)業(yè)體系,具有顯著的系統(tǒng)性和層次性這兩方面特征。(2)從陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平評價結(jié)果來看,陜西省低碳投入水平與全國平均水平差距越來越大,陜西省只有降低單位面積內(nèi)的碳源消費(fèi)品投入,才能逐漸向全國平均水平看齊。陜西省在第一產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)出方面有著良好的發(fā)展勢頭,產(chǎn)出水平與全國水平相等。從整體發(fā)展趨勢上看,陜西省和全國在低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展中雖然略有波動,但都處于上升勢頭,低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展還有更多的潛力等待挖掘。(3)陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放與全國農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放都呈現(xiàn)出上升趨勢。從陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放影響因素來看,人口規(guī)模對陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放影響為正,雖然統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)說明陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)人口逐漸下降,但陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)還未發(fā)展成為資本密集型的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè),所以農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)人口規(guī)模帶來的影響將會持續(xù);富裕程度對陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放影響為正,未來第一產(chǎn)業(yè)將會進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,可以預(yù)測富裕程度對碳排放的影響會先上升后下降。(4)通過系統(tǒng)的方法和理論針對陜西省關(guān)中、陜北、陜南地區(qū)構(gòu)建了相適應(yīng)的低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式,分別是:關(guān)中地區(qū)基于糧食安全選擇的“三品基地”模式和低碳農(nóng)業(yè)園區(qū)模式;陜北地區(qū)基于生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)選擇的水土保持型低碳農(nóng)業(yè)模式和資源節(jié)約型的農(nóng)林復(fù)合模式;陜南農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)基于資源特色選擇的低碳鄉(xiāng)村旅游模式和以食用菌、茶葉為主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)的低碳農(nóng)業(yè)模式。(5)通過對微觀農(nóng)戶調(diào)研實(shí)證分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),推廣低碳農(nóng)業(yè)可以通過以下幾個途徑:加大農(nóng)村教育的投入可以提升農(nóng)戶文化程度,有助于農(nóng)業(yè)優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)型;通過開展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)宣傳可以讓農(nóng)戶更積極主動的參與低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展;要拓寬農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的獲取渠道可以增加農(nóng)民學(xué)習(xí)新技術(shù)的途徑,新技術(shù)可以保障農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的安全與高效;大量開展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)培訓(xùn),可以讓農(nóng)戶真正認(rèn)識低碳農(nóng)業(yè),從而自覺參與進(jìn)來;在農(nóng)業(yè)資源較差的黃土高原區(qū)和秦巴山區(qū),農(nóng)戶整體的低碳采納意愿低于其它地區(qū)。(6)陜西省發(fā)展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)必須有成熟的運(yùn)作機(jī)制保駕護(hù)航,通過低碳補(bǔ)償機(jī)制、資金信貸機(jī)制、技術(shù)推廣機(jī)制、市場調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制、組織管理機(jī)制和公眾參與機(jī)制的聯(lián)動發(fā)揮,確保陜西省低碳農(nóng)業(yè)高效、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。低碳農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制消除了發(fā)展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)帶來的正外部性。資金信貸機(jī)制確保了低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的持續(xù)發(fā)展。技術(shù)推廣機(jī)制能提高農(nóng)戶采納低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式的意愿。完善的市場調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制是低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的動力源泉。組織管理機(jī)制中的行政手段和市場手段保證了經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和生態(tài)效益的統(tǒng)一。公眾參與機(jī)制普及了低碳環(huán)保理念,從意識層面促進(jìn)低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The population of Shaanxi Province in economic development, and capital poured into the city, all kinds of contradictions in rural development and accumulation are broke out. By the means of production, agriculture has become a major source of greenhouse gases, as climate change intensifies, explore the future development path of agriculture has become the focus of the field of domestic and foreign scholars. Study on the development of low-carbon agriculture has begun to take the results, but according to the actual situation of the local research put forward specific development mode is very little. The thesis aims to study the development model of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi province for ecological economics, an important theoretical and practical verification of regional economics. In Shaanxi province the Guanzhong areas of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi, three discussion on the construction of low carbon agricultural development mode, is an important measure of agricultural development in Shaanxi province to break bottlenecks and constraints, is to achieve economic development and ecological protection of the reality Is the way of benefiting the agriculture, guarantee stimulate rural vitality. The main research ideas in accordance with the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical research work. Firstly, based on summarizing the domestic and foreign research review on the basic theoretical system of preliminary construction of low-carbon agriculture. Secondly, combined with the current situation of the development of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi province and analysis of influence factors, the main influence factors of low carbon agriculture sustainable development, and the level of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi province is evaluated. Thirdly, some successful experiences and practices of the development of low-carbon agriculture has, according to the actual situation of the existing mode of Shaanxi province to construct Guanzhong, Shaanxi, low carbon agriculture development pattern in Northern Shaanxi characteristics by that, the main factors affecting the development model of low carbon agriculture farmers' adoption willingness on the rural survey. Finally, the operating mechanism of the development model of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi province are divided Analysis, and summarizes the main results of this paper, lay a solid foundation for clarifying the development of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the theory of circular economy, ecological economy theory, low-carbon rural theory is the basic theory of low-carbon agriculture, through the full text and support the framework of low carbon agricultural development is low. Carbon agriculture is a agricultural production, rural economic development and ecological environment protection, resource efficient use of new type of integrated agricultural system has two aspects of this system and the level of significant features. (2) the evaluation results from the development of low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi province low-carbon investment level and the national average level the growing gap in Shaanxi province only reduce the carbon source in the area of consumer investment, to gradually to the national average levels. Shaanxi province has a good momentum of development in the first industrial output, production The level and the national level equal. From the overall development trend, Shaanxi province and the country in the development of low carbon agriculture although slight fluctuations, but are on the rise, the development of low-carbon agriculture has more potential for mining. (3) the Shaanxi province agriculture carbon emissions and national agricultural carbon emissions are showing a rising trend from the influence factors of agricultural carbon emissions in Shaanxi Province, the influence of population scale in Shaanxi Province Agricultural carbon emissions is positive, although the statistical data shows that Shaanxi Province agricultural population gradually decreased, but the agriculture of Shaanxi province have yet to develop capital intensive modern agriculture, so agricultural population scale will continue to bring rich effect; the degree of Shaanxi province agriculture carbon emissions is positive, the future first industry will be further optimized, can predict the wealth impact on carbon emissions will be increased after the first drop. (4) through the method and management system According to the theory of Guanzhong in Shaanxi Province, Northern Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi building low-carbon agricultural development mode, to adapt to the food security in Guanzhong area are: selection of "three base" model and low-carbon agricultural park mode based on; Northern Shaanxi agroforestry type low carbon agriculture model and resource conserving soil and water ecological conservation selection based on preservation Shaanxi; agricultural area resources selection of low-carbon rural tourism pattern and the edible fungi based on tea as a model of low-carbon agriculture leading industry. (5) through the analysis of the micro empirical research can be found that the promotion of low-carbon agriculture through the following ways: to increase investment in rural education can enhance the farmers' cultural level, there are contribute to agricultural development through optimizing transformation; the development of low carbon agriculture promotion can make farmers more active participation in low carbon agriculture; agricultural technology to broaden the channels can be obtained On the way to increase farmers' learning new technology, new technology can ensure the safety and efficiency of agricultural production; agricultural related training to carry out a large number of low carbon, can allow farmers to realize low-carbon agriculture, thus consciously participate in the Loess Plateau area; agricultural resources and poor farmers in Qinba mountain area, the overall low carbon adoption will lower than that of the other area. (6) low carbon agriculture must defend the mature operation mechanism of the development of Shaanxi Province, through the low-carbon compensation mechanism, the mechanism of credit funds, technology promotion mechanism, market mechanism, linkage mechanism and organization management mechanism of public participation in the play, to ensure that the low carbon agriculture in Shaanxi Province, the stable development of agriculture, low compensation mechanism. Carbon elimination of the positive externalities of low carbon agricultural development brings. The mechanism of credit funds to ensure the sustainable development of low carbon agriculture. Technology promotion mechanism can improve farmers' adoption of low-carbon agricultural development mode Wishes. Perfect market regulation mechanism is the power source of the development of low-carbon agriculture. Organization and management mechanism in administrative means and market means to ensure the unity of economic benefits and ecological benefits. The mechanism of public participation in the popularity of the concept of low-carbon environment, promote low-carbon agricultural development from the level of consciousness.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F327
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本文編號：1507809