本文關(guān)鍵詞：轉(zhuǎn)基因食品消費(fèi)行為研究　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 轉(zhuǎn)基因食品 感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 購(gòu)買意愿 支付意愿 陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好

【摘要】：自從被批準(zhǔn)商業(yè)化應(yīng)用以來,轉(zhuǎn)基因作物就在全世界范圍內(nèi)迅速推廣,取得了舉世矚目的成就。種植面積從1996年的170萬公頃增長(zhǎng)到2015年的1.79億公頃,累積擴(kuò)展了100多倍。然而,在轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí),國(guó)際上圍繞其安全性的爭(zhēng)論亦愈演愈烈。支持者認(rèn)為,轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)能夠?yàn)槿祟愄峁└鄡?yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)、高效的產(chǎn)品,降低了生產(chǎn)成本,同時(shí)減輕了對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。反對(duì)者認(rèn)為,轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)會(huì)給人類健康和生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來不可逆的影響,同時(shí)引起人們?cè)趥惱淼赖路矫娴膿?dān)憂�！秶�(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要(2006-2020)》提出,發(fā)展新的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物品種被認(rèn)定是一個(gè)很重要的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目。但來自國(guó)際農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)應(yīng)用服務(wù)組織(ISAAA)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的種植面積自2013年以來已經(jīng)連續(xù)兩年有所下降,從2013年的420萬公頃下降到2014年的390萬公頃,2015年再次下降到370萬公頃。目前被批準(zhǔn)商業(yè)化種植的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物只有轉(zhuǎn)基因棉花和木瓜,轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的商業(yè)化生產(chǎn)在我國(guó)完全沒有實(shí)現(xiàn),已經(jīng)獲取植物轉(zhuǎn)基因安全證書的轉(zhuǎn)基因抗蟲水稻面臨著證書的失效。種種情況表明,現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展與推廣面臨著很大的不確定性。作為鑒定市場(chǎng)上產(chǎn)品成功與否的重要因素,消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的態(tài)度和購(gòu)買行為可以有效地反映其對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的認(rèn)可度,從而進(jìn)一步影響轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的發(fā)展與產(chǎn)業(yè)化進(jìn)程。那么,現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的態(tài)度如何?他們是否了解與轉(zhuǎn)基因食品相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益?他們是否愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品?他們?cè)敢鉃檗D(zhuǎn)基因食品支付的最高價(jià)格是多少?他們所陳述的購(gòu)買意愿與實(shí)際的購(gòu)買行為是否一致?這些都是本文所要研究的主要問題。在系統(tǒng)梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品消費(fèi)行為的文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,本文以消費(fèi)者行為理論、信息不對(duì)稱理論、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量屬性理論、感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)理論為依據(jù),采用問卷調(diào)查法、歸納法、計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析等方法對(duì)消費(fèi)者的轉(zhuǎn)基因食品消費(fèi)行為展開研究。首先,基于對(duì)相關(guān)理論的歸納,設(shè)計(jì)出本研究的理論分析框架;其次,通過對(duì)調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)的分析,探討消費(fèi)者對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全現(xiàn)狀的感知,以及對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和感知收益,并構(gòu)建結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型來分析消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與感知收益之間的相互影響及外在因素對(duì)兩者的影響;再次,在微觀數(shù)據(jù)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,探討消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的購(gòu)買意愿及影響因素。并以轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油為例,了解并分析消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油的支付意愿及影響因素;然后,探討消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好的關(guān)系,并進(jìn)一步分析影響兩者關(guān)系的因素;最后,根據(jù)研究所得出的結(jié)論,提出相關(guān)政策建議,以期為相關(guān)部門的決策提供依據(jù)。本文所得出的主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)樣本區(qū)域內(nèi)高達(dá)90.27%的被調(diào)查者明確表示聽說過轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,但只有18.3%的被調(diào)查者愿意接受轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,被調(diào)查者接受程度最高的轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是抗病蟲害的轉(zhuǎn)基因水果或蔬菜。33.07%的被調(diào)查者認(rèn)為發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有意義,21.26%的被調(diào)查者選擇支持發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。同時(shí),15.47%的被調(diào)查者贊同轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的商業(yè)化應(yīng)用,接近60%的被調(diào)查者不支持我國(guó)政府進(jìn)口大量的轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,53.98%的被調(diào)查者不清楚我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的標(biāo)識(shí)政策。(2)通過分析被調(diào)查者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和感知收益可知,那些認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品能夠給人體健康和環(huán)境帶來危害的被調(diào)查者比重遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于那些不認(rèn)為有此風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的被調(diào)查者;認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品能給人類和環(huán)境帶來收益的被調(diào)查者比重較低;與此同時(shí),有很大比例的被調(diào)查者不清楚與轉(zhuǎn)基因食品相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益。結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型的回歸結(jié)果顯示,影響消費(fèi)者感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的因素是其性別、個(gè)人月收入、家庭人口數(shù)和家庭是否有特殊人群。影響消費(fèi)者感知收益的因素是其性別、年齡和轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)。(3)樣本區(qū)域內(nèi)70.86%的被調(diào)查者不愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,29.14%的被調(diào)查者表示愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。影響消費(fèi)者選擇購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的因素是其性別、年齡、個(gè)人月收入、家庭是否有特殊人群、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)以及對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和感知收益。其中,女性、年輕人、個(gè)人收入水平較低者、家庭無特殊人群的消費(fèi)者愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)了解越多的消費(fèi)者越傾向于購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,對(duì)其感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越高的消費(fèi)者越不愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品感知收益越高的消費(fèi)者對(duì)其購(gòu)買意愿越高。(4)通過分析被調(diào)查者對(duì)5升裝轉(zhuǎn)基因菜籽油的支付意愿可知,樣本區(qū)域內(nèi)的大部分被調(diào)查者不愿意為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品支付任何的溢價(jià),只有在比非轉(zhuǎn)基因食品價(jià)格低的情況下才愿意購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。被調(diào)查者對(duì)5升裝轉(zhuǎn)基因菜籽油的平均支付意愿約為市場(chǎng)價(jià)格的20%左右。年輕人、受教育水平較低者、家庭中無特殊人群的消費(fèi)者更愿意為轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油支付較高的價(jià)格。對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有較低感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和較高感知收益的消費(fèi)者也愿意為轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油支付較高的價(jià)格。(5)本文將消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好的關(guān)系分為四類,即陳述愿意購(gòu)買實(shí)際也購(gòu)買者,陳述愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際未購(gòu)買者,陳述不愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際購(gòu)買者,陳述不愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際也未購(gòu)買者。分析結(jié)果顯示,被調(diào)查者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好的一致性高達(dá)62.88%,53.49%的被調(diào)查者不愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際也并未購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油,9.39%的被調(diào)查者愿意并實(shí)際購(gòu)買了轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油。以不愿意而實(shí)際也未購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油的被調(diào)查者為基礎(chǔ)類別,運(yùn)用無序多分類logistics模型分析消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好的關(guān)系。結(jié)果顯示,愿意并實(shí)際購(gòu)買轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油的消費(fèi)者主要受其性別、受教育程度、收入、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)及感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響。陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好存在差異的消費(fèi)者,即愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際未購(gòu)買者及不愿意購(gòu)買而實(shí)際購(gòu)買者,其性別、年齡、收入、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)及感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是影響兩者關(guān)系的主要因素�？傮w來講,女性、受教育水平較高者、擁有較多轉(zhuǎn)基因食品知識(shí)的人、對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食用油的陳述性偏好與顯示性偏好的一致性較高,其所陳述的購(gòu)買意愿與實(shí)際的購(gòu)買行為一致。
[Abstract]:Since the commercialized application has been approved, genetically modified crops have been popularized worldwide and achieved remarkable achievements. The planting area has increased from 1 million 700 thousand hectares in 1996 to 179 million hectares in 2015, which has accumulated more than 100 times. However, with the rapid development of genetically modified technology, the international debate around its security is becoming more and more intense. Proponents believe that transgenic technology can provide more high-quality, high-yield and efficient products for humans, reduce production costs and reduce environmental pollution. The opponents believe that transgenic technology will bring irreversible effects on human health and the ecological environment, and cause people's ethical concerns. The outline of the national medium and long term plan for science and technology development (2006-2020) put forward that the development of new genetically modified crop varieties is recognized as a very important agricultural development project. But from the international agricultural biotechnology application service organization (ISAAA) data show that transgenic crops in the planting area of our country since 2013 has two consecutive years of decline, from 4 million 200 thousand hectares in 2013 dropped to 3 million 900 thousand hectares in 2014, again in 2015 dropped to 3 million 700 thousand hectares. Currently approved commercial cultivation of GM crops only cotton and transgenic papaya, commercial production of genetically modified staple food in China did not realize, transgenic plants have access to the security certificate transgenic rice face certificate failure. The situation shows that the development and promotion of transgenic technology and products in China are facing great uncertainty at this stage. As an important factor to identify whether the product is successful or not, consumers' attitudes towards GM foods and their purchase behavior can effectively reflect their recognition degree of genetically modified foods, which will further affect the development and industrialization of genetically modified foods. So, how to present consumer attitudes toward genetically modified food? Whether they understand the risks and benefits associated with genetically modified food? Whether they are willing to buy genetically modified food? How much is the highest price they are willing to pay for genetically modified food? Purchase intention and actual purchase behavior of their stated whether these are the main problems? This paper is to study. Based on combing the domestic and foreign related genetically modified food consumer behavior literature, based on the consumer behavior theory, information asymmetry theory, product quality attribute theory, perceived risk theory, using the method of questionnaire research, induction method, econometric analysis method of genetically modified food consumption behavior of consumers. First of all, the theory summarized based on the theoretical framework of this study design; secondly, through the analysis of the survey data, to investigate the consumers' perception of the status quo of China's food safety, as well as on genetically modified food perceived risk and perceived benefits, and construct the structural equation model to analyze the interaction between consumers of genetically modified food the perceived risk and perceived benefits and effects of external factors on the two; again, based on micro data analysis, study on consumer willingness to buy genetically modified food and its influencing factors. Taking transgenic edible oil as an example, analyze the factors of consumer willingness to pay for transgenic edible oil and influence; then discusses the consumers of genetically modified edible oil and shows the relationship between the stated preference preference, and further analysis the influence factors of the relationship between the two; finally, according to the conclusions, puts forward relevant policy suggestions, provide according to relevant departments for decision-making. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the sample area up to 90.27% of the respondents explicitly heard of genetically modified food, but only 18.3% of the respondents are willing to accept genetically modified food, respondents to the highest degree of acceptance of genetically modified food is insect resistant transgenic fruits or vegetables. 33.07% of the respondents believed that the development of genetically modified foods was meaningful, and 21.26% of the respondents chose to support the development of genetically modified foods. Meanwhile, 15.47% of the respondents agreed with the commercialized application of GM food. Nearly 60% of respondents did not support our government's import of large quantities of GM food, and 53.98% of respondents did not know the labeling policy of GMF in China. (2) through the analysis of genetically modified food respondents perceived risk and perceived benefits that those who believe that genetically modified food can bring harm to human health and the environment of the respondents is higher than those who do not think there is the risk of the respondents; believe that genetically modified food can bring benefits to human beings and the environment of the respondents the proportion is low; at the same time, a large proportion of the respondents do not know the risks and benefits associated with genetically modified food. The regression results of structural equation models show that the factors that affect consumers' perceived risk are gender, personal income, family size and family members. The factors that affect the perceived benefit of consumers are their sex, age and knowledge of genetically modified foods. (3) 70.86% of the respondents in the sample area were reluctant to buy genetically modified foods, and 29.14% of the respondents expressed their willingness to buy genetically modified foods. The factors that affect consumers' purchase of GM foods are gender, age, personal monthly income, family specific populations, knowledge of genetically modified foods and perceived risk and perceived benefits of genetically modified foods. Among them, women, young people, lower individual income levels, and consumers who have no special families are willing to buy genetically modified foods. The more consumers who know more about GM foods, the more likely they are to buy GM foods. The more consumers with higher perceived risk are, the more unwilling consumers are to buy GM foods. The higher the perceived benefit of GM foods is, the higher the consumers' willingness to purchase GM foods. (4) through the score
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.7;F126.1

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3 黃俊明;李文立;羅會(huì)明;康敏;楊玉芳;陳海珍;譚劍斌;胡帥爾;;廣州地區(qū)居民對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的認(rèn)知調(diào)查[A];中國(guó)毒理學(xué)會(huì)放射毒理專業(yè)委員會(huì)第七次、中國(guó)毒理學(xué)會(huì)免疫毒理專業(yè)委員會(huì)第五次、中國(guó)環(huán)境誘變劑學(xué)會(huì)致突專業(yè)委員會(huì)第二次、中國(guó)環(huán)境誘變劑學(xué)會(huì)致畸專業(yè)委員會(huì)第二次、中國(guó)環(huán)境誘變劑學(xué)會(huì)致癌專業(yè)委員會(huì)第二次全國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文匯編[C];2008年

4 張勇;;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全性評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)就種類不同而區(qū)別對(duì)待[A];新觀點(diǎn)新學(xué)說學(xué)術(shù)沙龍文集44：轉(zhuǎn)基因植物與食品安全[C];2010年

5 王安蓮;劉必勇;徐德祥;;淺談轉(zhuǎn)基因食品[A];食品安全的理論與實(shí)踐——安徽食品安全博士科技論壇論文集[C];2005年

6 宋吉明;顧亮;謝倩;程浩;;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品及其安全性的思考[A];食品安全的理論與實(shí)踐——安徽食品安全博士科技論壇論文集[C];2005年

7 祝詩(shī)平;;近紅外光譜在轉(zhuǎn)基因食品快速鑒別中的應(yīng)用[A];紀(jì)念中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會(huì)成立30周年暨中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會(huì)2009年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)（CSAE 2009）論文集[C];2009年

8 李尊華;;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全性的思考[A];山東省醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)第二次學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2001年

9 周建嫦;黃俊明;楊杏芬;;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品檢測(cè)方法[A];新世紀(jì)預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)——中華預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)首屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2002年

10 鄧江;羅海吉;;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的現(xiàn)狀、檢測(cè)技術(shù)及安全性評(píng)價(jià)[A];中國(guó)營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)會(huì)特殊營(yíng)養(yǎng)第五屆學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文摘要匯編[C];2002年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 羅云波 黃昆侖;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全嗎？[N];兵團(tuán)日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2002年

2 記者 王國(guó)明;別再對(duì)消費(fèi)者隱瞞轉(zhuǎn)基因食品[N];中國(guó)工商報(bào);2003年

3 本報(bào)記者 林醇;關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)基因食品[N];中國(guó)環(huán)境報(bào);2002年

4 本報(bào)記者 甕曉梅;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全嗎？[N];大眾科技報(bào);2001年

5 張文樸;為什么轉(zhuǎn)基因食品要標(biāo)識(shí)[N];大眾科技報(bào);2005年

6 本報(bào)駐日內(nèi)瓦記者 李肇東;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的現(xiàn)狀與未來[N];光明日?qǐng)?bào);2002年

7 ;俄羅斯進(jìn)口轉(zhuǎn)基因食品現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)策（上）[N];黑龍江經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào);2005年

8 河北省糧食局 王志振;什么是轉(zhuǎn)基因食品？[N];中華合作時(shí)報(bào);2004年

9 王晶珠;走近轉(zhuǎn)基因食品[N];健康報(bào);2002年

10 毛新志;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品能解決全球吃飯問題嗎[N];健康報(bào);2004年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 張文靜;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品消費(fèi)行為研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2017年

2 毛新志;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的倫理問題研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2004年

3 張龍;植源性農(nóng)產(chǎn)品溯源以及鑒別技術(shù)研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 李靜;中美轉(zhuǎn)基因食品公共政策的對(duì)比研究[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2008年

2 周江波;我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全的政府管制研究[D];東華大學(xué);2013年

3 周小寧;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與倫理探析[D];中共廣東省委黨校;2013年

4 呂倩;我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全政府監(jiān)管工具研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

5 李一覽;中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品政策研究[D];河南大學(xué);2013年

6 蒲鵬;生命倫理視閾中的轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問題研究[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2013年

7 侯婧;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全的倫理研究[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2013年

8 陳從軍;轉(zhuǎn)基因食品消費(fèi)者感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響因素分析[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2015年

9 陳薇;西部地區(qū)農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的認(rèn)知態(tài)度研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2015年

10 謝瑩;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)背景下轉(zhuǎn)基因食品研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2015年

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