【摘要】：偏振成像系統(tǒng)不僅能夠獲取目標(biāo)的二維光強(qiáng)度分布信息,還能夠獲取與目標(biāo)光強(qiáng)度分布相對(duì)應(yīng)的偏振信息——即Stokes矢量信息。Stokes矢量信息具有增強(qiáng)目標(biāo)對(duì)比度的能力,可以將目標(biāo)從復(fù)雜的背景信息中凸顯出來(lái)。傳統(tǒng)的偏振成像系統(tǒng)包含機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)部件,需要分時(shí)多次采集來(lái)獲取目標(biāo)完整的Stokes矢量信息,因而難以對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)的偏振信息進(jìn)行觀(guān)測(cè)�？臻g調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)以光楔或Savart偏光鏡作為空間調(diào)制模塊,將Stokes矢量的4個(gè)參數(shù)S0、S1、S2、S3信息調(diào)制到不同頻率的載波上,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)同時(shí)單次采集便能獲取包含Stokes矢量信息的干涉圖樣。空間調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)與傳統(tǒng)的分振幅、分孔徑、分焦面同時(shí)偏振成像系統(tǒng)相比,有著結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單和容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此,空間調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)將會(huì)在遙感、軍事和生物醫(yī)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。在實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中,系統(tǒng)誤差必然會(huì)影響空間調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)的Stokes矢量測(cè)量精度。其中,旋轉(zhuǎn)半波片和檢偏器的裝調(diào)角度誤差是系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵誤差,它們對(duì)偏振測(cè)量精度有著不可忽略的影響。本文給出了空間調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)的裝調(diào)角度誤差模型。為了分析裝調(diào)角度誤差所帶來(lái)的影響,構(gòu)造了基于空域解調(diào)算法的矩陣誤差模型,通過(guò)Poincare球采樣法選取入射光的不同偏振態(tài),分別對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)半波片裝調(diào)角度誤差、檢偏器裝調(diào)角度誤差、兩者的耦合角度誤差對(duì)系統(tǒng)偏振測(cè)量精度的影響進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證,并對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。提出了一種基于測(cè)量矩陣條件數(shù)的性能優(yōu)化方法,該方法通過(guò)尋找最小條件數(shù)的測(cè)量矩陣來(lái)獲取最優(yōu)系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)研究表明,系統(tǒng)測(cè)量矩陣的條件數(shù)與Savart單板的厚度相關(guān)。對(duì)Savart單板厚度為6mm、10mm、12mm、23mm和25mm的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真檢驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)Savart單板厚度為23mm時(shí),測(cè)量矩陣條件數(shù)取得最小值2.06,裝調(diào)角度誤差對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響最小。因此,基于測(cè)量矩陣條件數(shù)的優(yōu)化方法能夠提高系統(tǒng)的性能。然而,這種方法存在著一定的局限性。通過(guò)范數(shù)相容定理對(duì)優(yōu)化方法的局限性進(jìn)行研究,并給出了分析結(jié)果。在驗(yàn)證基于條件數(shù)的優(yōu)化方法效果時(shí),提出了一種完備的系統(tǒng)測(cè)量誤差表征方法-——Stokes基矢量法。利用該方法只需對(duì)自然光、0°/90°線(xiàn)偏振光、45°/135°線(xiàn)偏振光、左/右旋圓偏振光這4種基態(tài)偏振光的測(cè)量誤差進(jìn)行檢測(cè),便可求解出存在裝調(diào)角度誤差時(shí)的空間調(diào)制型全偏振成像系統(tǒng)其偏振測(cè)量精度。
[Abstract]:The polarization imaging system can not only obtain the two-dimensional light intensity distribution information of the target, but also obtain the polarization information corresponding to the target light intensity distribution, that is, the Stokes vector information. The Stokes vector information has the ability to enhance the contrast of the target. Targets can be highlighted from complex background information. The traditional polarization imaging system contains mechanical rotation components, which need to be collected several times in time to obtain the complete Stokes vector information of the target, so it is difficult to observe the polarization information of moving targets. The spatial modulation full polarization imaging system uses the wedge or Savart polarizer as the spatial modulation module, modulates the four parameters of the Stokes vector S0 / S1 / S2 / S3 onto the carrier at different frequencies. Thus, the interference pattern containing Stokes vector information can be obtained by a single acquisition at the same time. Compared with the traditional polarization imaging system, the spatial modulation full polarization imaging system has the advantages of simple structure and easy realization. Therefore, spatial modulation full polarization imaging system will be widely used in remote sensing, military and biomedical fields. In the practical engineering application, the system error will inevitably affect the Stokes vector measurement accuracy of the spatial modulation full polarization imaging system. The angle error of rotation half-wave plate and polarizer is the key error of the system, and they have an important influence on the precision of polarization measurement. In this paper, the adjustment angle error model of spatial modulation full polarization imaging system is presented. The matrix error model based on spatial demodulation algorithm is constructed to analyze the influence of the angle error of the mounting angle. The different polarization states of the incident light are selected by the Poincare sphere sampling method, and the angle errors of the rotating half-wave plate are respectively adjusted. The influence of the angle error and coupling angle error of the polarizer on the precision of polarization measurement is verified by simulation and the simulation results are analyzed. In this paper, a performance optimization method based on the condition number of the measurement matrix is proposed. The method obtains the optimal system by finding the measurement matrix of the minimum condition number. The results show that the condition number of the system measurement matrix is related to the thickness of Savart veneer. The system with Savart veneer thickness of 6mm / 10mm / 12mm / 23mm and 25mm is tested by simulation. It is found that when the thickness of Savart veneer is 23mm, the minimum value of measuring matrix condition is 2.06, and the influence of adjustment angle error on the system is the least. Therefore, the optimization method based on the condition number of measurement matrix can improve the performance of the system. However, this method has some limitations. The limitation of optimization method is studied by norm compatibility theorem, and the analytical results are given. In order to verify the effectiveness of the conditional number based optimization method, a complete system measurement error representation method, called Stokes basis vector method, is proposed. By using this method, the measurement errors of four ground state polarized light, namely, natural light, 0 擄/ 90 擄line polarized light, 45 擄/ 135 擄line polarized light and left / right circularly polarized light, need to be detected. The precision of polarization measurement of spatial modulation full polarization imaging system with angle error can be solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O436.3

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