本文選題：海底淺表層沉積物 + 聲學(xué)性質(zhì)和物理參數(shù)��； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院(海洋研究所)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：海底淺表層沉積物作為海水與海底的分界面,是海洋聲場環(huán)境的一個重要組成部分,是海洋資源調(diào)查不可缺少的研究內(nèi)容,海底沉積物聲學(xué)特性與物理力學(xué)等參數(shù)的關(guān)系在海洋工程建設(shè)、海底資源勘察、海洋軍事發(fā)展與安全等領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用價值。論文主要對南海南部淺表層海底沉積物的聲學(xué)性質(zhì)和物理參數(shù)之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)性的研究。研究區(qū)域位于南海南部,在南海南部21個站位采集了淺表層海底沉積物柱狀樣品,其中,2個站位的柱狀樣品來自于陸架地區(qū),13個站位的柱狀樣品來自于陸坡地區(qū),6個站位的柱狀樣品來自于南沙海槽。當(dāng)海底沉積物樣品被采集上來后,在甲板上利用改進(jìn)的同軸差距測量法對柱狀樣品進(jìn)行了聲速測量,隨后在實驗室中對沉積物樣品的物理參數(shù)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)測量,包括孔隙度,密度,中值粒徑,含水量等物理參數(shù)。根據(jù)實際測量的數(shù)據(jù),對聲速和物理參數(shù)之間的線性關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究,采用數(shù)學(xué)方法對測量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計和回歸分析,建立了聲速-物理參數(shù)的單參數(shù)方程。將南海南部的實測數(shù)據(jù)帶入前人建立的聲速預(yù)測方程與本文建立的單參數(shù)方程中進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)根據(jù)前人經(jīng)驗方程預(yù)測出的聲速值與實際測量的聲速值存在差異,結(jié)果表明前人建立的方程并不適用于南海南部,聲速預(yù)測方程具有地域局限性。本文對于產(chǎn)生這種差異的可能性原因進(jìn)行了探討和研究,結(jié)果表明預(yù)測方程的地域差異性與沉積物類型,地理特征(沉積環(huán)境),沉積物物理性質(zhì)以及沉砂泥比等有關(guān)。對南海南部不同沉積環(huán)境下采集的沉積物柱狀樣品進(jìn)行了分析測量,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了沉積物聲速與物理參數(shù)的雙參數(shù)經(jīng)驗方程。在雙參數(shù)方程的基礎(chǔ)上,利用誤差范數(shù)分析法對影響海底沉積物聲速的物理參數(shù)進(jìn)行了敏感性分析,分析結(jié)果表明孔隙度是影響沉積物聲速的主要因素,并且總結(jié)出了沉積物聲速對于各個物理參數(shù)的敏感性大小:孔隙度濕密度粘土含量中值粒徑。本文對沉積物聲速和物理參數(shù)之間的反演理論進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對Gassmann方程進(jìn)行公式變換,利用孔隙度和縱波聲速的相關(guān)關(guān)系求解出孔隙度預(yù)測公式,并將該公式應(yīng)用于南海南部海底沉積物孔隙度預(yù)測中。將Gassmann方程預(yù)測結(jié)果與沉積物柱狀樣品實驗室測量結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比研究,結(jié)果表明Gassmann方程能夠較好的預(yù)測海底沉積物的孔隙度,對淺海地區(qū)的孔隙度預(yù)測尤為準(zhǔn)確。利用誤差范數(shù)分析法對Gassmann方程各輸入?yún)?shù)進(jìn)行敏感性分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)沉積物縱波聲速對孔隙度預(yù)測精度影響最大。
[Abstract]:As the interface between sea water and seabed, shallow surface sediment is an important part of the environment of ocean sound field, and is an indispensable research content of marine resource investigation. The relationship between acoustic characteristics and physical and mechanical parameters of seabed sediments has important application value in the field of ocean engineering, seabed resources exploration, marine military development and safety. The correlation between acoustic properties and physical parameters of shallow surface sediments in the south of the South China Sea is systematically studied in this paper. The study area is located in the southern part of the South China Sea, and the columnar samples of shallow surface seafloor sediments were collected at 21 stations in the south of the South China Sea. Among them, the columnar samples of 2 stations came from the continental shelf area, 13 from the continental slope area, and 6 from the Nansha trough. When seabed sediment samples were collected, sound velocities of columnar samples were measured using an improved coaxial differential measurement method on deck, and then the physical parameters of sediment samples were measured in the laboratory, including porosity. Density, median particle size, water content and other physical parameters. According to the measured data, the linear relationship between the velocity of sound and the physical parameters is studied. The statistical and regression analysis of the measured data is carried out by mathematical method, and the single-parameter equation of the sonic velocity-physical parameter is established. By comparing the measured data from the south of the South China Sea with the prediction equation of sound velocity established by predecessors and the single parameter equation established in this paper, it is found that there is a difference between the predicted value of sound velocity based on the previous empirical equation and the measured value of sound velocity. The results show that the established equations are not suitable for the south of the South China Sea, and the prediction equation of sound velocity has regional limitations. In this paper, the possible causes of this difference are discussed and studied. The results show that the regional difference of the prediction equation is related to the type of sediment, the geographical characteristics (sedimentary environment, physical properties of sediment and the ratio of sediment to sediment). Based on the analysis and measurement of sediment columnar samples collected in different sedimentary environments in the south of the South China Sea, a two-parameter empirical equation of sound velocity and physical parameters of sediment was established. Based on the two-parameter equation, the sensitivity of the physical parameters affecting the sound velocity of sediment is analyzed by means of error norm analysis. The results show that porosity is the main factor affecting the sound velocity of sediment. The sensitivity of sediment acoustic velocity to various physical parameters is summarized: porosity wet density clay content median particle size. In this paper, the inversion theory between the acoustic velocity of sediment and the physical parameters is studied. On the basis of previous studies, the Gassmann equation is transformed into a formula, and the porosity prediction formula is solved by using the correlation relation between porosity and longitudinal sound velocity. The formula is applied to the prediction of the porosity of seabed sediments in the south of the South China Sea. The results of Gassmann equation are compared with the results of laboratory measurements of sediment columnar samples. The results show that the Gassmann equation can well predict the porosity of seafloor sediments, especially in shallow sea areas. The sensitivity of input parameters of Gassmann equation was analyzed by means of error norm analysis. It was found that the velocity of longitudinal wave of sediment had the greatest influence on the accuracy of porosity prediction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院(海洋研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P733.2;P714

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