本文選題：表層土壤　切入點：正構(gòu)烷烴　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,生物標志化合物類的一些指標(如正構(gòu)烷烴、四醚膜類脂物等)在古氣候變化的研究當中取得了豐碩的成果,但這些生物標志物的指標在不同的地區(qū)存在著較大的區(qū)域差異。因此,開展相關(guān)指標的現(xiàn)代過程研究對進一步地理解指標的氣候意義及影響因素具有重要的意義。本文對中國拉薩至尼泊爾帕勒德布爾樣帶表土樣品中的正構(gòu)烷烴和四醚膜類脂物進行了分析,并與氣象記錄進行了對比,取得的主要研究成果如下：(1)通過對不同植被類型土壤中的正構(gòu)烷烴進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)樣帶中正構(gòu)烷烴的分布在熱帶雨林和闊葉林地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)雙峰分布模式,最高峰出現(xiàn)在C_(31)和C_(23),該種分布模式可能在熱帶雨林地區(qū)具有普遍性；在暖溫帶的針闊葉混交林區(qū),長鏈正構(gòu)烷烴的分布特征為n-C_(31)n-C_(33)n-C_(27),這種分布模式是森林地帶比較典型的特征；在高山灌木和草甸地區(qū),正構(gòu)烷烴以C_(31)最為豐富,但亦含有較高含量的中鏈正構(gòu)烷烴C_(23)。(2)通過對比分析正構(gòu)烷烴和氣象數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),樣帶土壤中正構(gòu)烷烴的平均碳鏈長度(ACL)與溫度和降雨之間均呈現(xiàn)線性正相關(guān)關(guān)系,而碳優(yōu)勢指數(shù)(CPI)與溫度和降雨量之澡呈現(xiàn)線性負相關(guān)關(guān)系。(3)研究結(jié)果顯示,正構(gòu)烷烴的兩個參數(shù)(ACL_(27-35)、CPI_(27-35))和溫度之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)都不太大。然而,將正構(gòu)烷烴的這兩個指標(ACL_(27-35)/CPI_(27-35))進行一定的數(shù)據(jù)擬合發(fā)現(xiàn),擬合溫度與采樣區(qū)域觀測到的年均溫度之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)得到了提高。(4)樣帶土壤中四醚膜類脂物的含量以支鏈型bGDGTs為主,也含有少量的類異戊二烯型GDGTs (iGDGTs)。支鏈型bGDGTs的各組分與環(huán)境因素之間呈現(xiàn)出很好的線性相關(guān)。(5)本文的研究結(jié)果顯示,四醚指數(shù)TEX86與年均溫度和降雨量之間的線性相關(guān)性較弱,相關(guān)系數(shù)R的值分別為0.50、0.47；環(huán)化指標與各環(huán)境因子之間均沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的線性相關(guān)；甲基化指數(shù)MBT與年平均氣溫的線性相關(guān)性較高,相關(guān)系數(shù)R的值為0.80,且甲基化指標也與降水量變化之間存在一定的關(guān)聯(lián)。(6)在本文中,MBT/CB T指標與溫度和降雨量之間均呈現(xiàn)出線性高度正相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)R的值分別為0.82、0.78。而在本文的濕潤地區(qū),MBT/CBT指標與年均溫度線性顯著相關(guān),與年均降雨量無關(guān)；在干旱地區(qū),MBT/CBT指標與年均溫度和降水量均呈現(xiàn)線性弱相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, some indicators of biomarkers (such as n-alkanes, tetraether membrane lipids, etc.) have achieved fruitful results in the study of paleoclimate change. However, these biomarkers have significant regional differences in different regions. It is of great significance to further understand the climatic significance of the index and its influencing factors. This paper deals with normal alkanes and four alkanes in the topsoil samples of Lhasa to Nepal Paldebur transect, Nepal. Ether membrane lipids were analyzed. And compared with the meteorological records, the main research results obtained are as follows: 1) through the analysis of normal alkanes in soils of different vegetation types, It is found that the distribution of n-alkanes in the transect shows a bimodal distribution pattern in the tropical rain forest and broad-leaved forest area, and the highest peak appears in C ~ (-1) and C _ (23) C _ (23). This distribution pattern may be universal in the tropical rainforest region, and in the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest region in the warm temperate zone, The distribution characteristics of long chain n-alkanes are n-CSCH31n-CJ ~ (33) n-C / C _ (27), which is a typical feature in forest zone, and is most abundant in Alpine shrubs and Meadow areas (C ~ (31)). But it is also found that the average length of carbon chain (ACLL) of n-alkanes in the soil is positively correlated with temperature and rainfall through the comparative analysis of normal alkanes and meteorological data. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the two parameters of normal alkane (ACLS) 27-35 and CPI (27-35) and temperature was not very large. The correlation coefficient between the fitting temperature and the average annual temperature observed in the sampling area was increased. The content of tetraether membrane lipids in the soil of the transect was mainly of branched-chain bGDGTs, and the correlation coefficient between the fitting temperature and the average annual temperature observed in the sampling area was increased. There is also a small amount of isoprene type GDGTs iGDGTs.There is a good linear correlation between the components of branched bGDGTs and environmental factors. The results of this paper show that the linear correlation between tetraether index TEX86 and average annual temperature and rainfall is weak. The correlation coefficient R was 0.50 ~ 0.47 respectively. There was no obvious linear correlation between the cyclization index and the environmental factors, and the linear correlation between the methylation index MBT and the annual mean temperature was higher. The correlation coefficient R is 0.80, and there is a certain correlation between methylation index and precipitation change.) in this paper, MBT / CB T index has a linear and high positive correlation with temperature and rainfall. The correlation coefficient R is 0.82 ~ 0.78, respectively. In humid area, MBT / CBT index is linearly correlated with annual temperature, but not with average annual rainfall, while in arid area, MBT / CBT index is linearly weakly correlated with average annual temperature and precipitation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P532;P593

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