本文選題：微孢子蟲　切入點：秀麗隱桿線蟲　出處：《華東師范大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：模式生物秀麗隱桿線蟲C.elegans 被廣泛應用于多種實驗室研究中,但對野生C.elegans的生態(tài)學研究十分匱乏。本文以寄生蟲微孢子蟲為研究重點,首先通過分子的方法,利用特定基因片段的擴增和系統(tǒng)發(fā)育進化樹的分析,對41個野生線蟲株系進行了微孢子蟲感染鑒定。研究結果確定了 Nenatocida parisii是野生線蟲C.elegans最常見的微孢子蟲寄生蟲;在微孢子蟲門中,新發(fā)現(xiàn)并命名了 六個新 Nemmatocida 種,兩個新屬 Enteropsectra 和 Pancytospora 以及四個新種。其次,利用微分干涉顯微鏡和透射電子顯微鏡等技術手段,對可感染線蟲的微孢子蟲進行了形態(tài)學的觀察和比較。再次,利用實驗室感染實驗,研究了可感染線蟲的微孢子蟲的寄主特異性。論文的另一部分以寄主C.elegans為主要研究對象,利用轉基因C.elegans株系研究比較了 C.elegabs對不同微孢子蟲感染的轉錄反應;通過食物消耗速率實驗,研究比較了不同野生C.elegans株系對同種微孢子蟲的敏感性差異,并進一步用熒光原位雜交技術研究比較了感染率和感染程度;通過生存競爭實驗,研究了不同野生C.elegans株系對微孢子蟲的敏感性差異可能導致的自然選擇的進化后果。
[Abstract]:C. elegans, a model organism, has been widely used in many laboratory studies, but the ecological studies of wild C. elegans are scarce. Based on the amplification of specific gene fragments and phylogenetic tree analysis, 41 wild nematode strains were identified for microsporidium infection. The results showed that Nenatocida parisii was the most common microsporidium parasite of C. elegans. Six new Nemmatocida species, two new genera Enteropsectra and Pancytospora and four new species were discovered and named in the phylum of microsporidium. Secondly, differential interference microscope and transmission electron microscope were used. The morphology of microsporidium infected with nematodes was observed and compared. Thirdly, the host specificity of infected nematode was studied by laboratory infection experiment. The other part of the paper mainly studied the host C. elegans. The transcriptional response of C. elegans to different microsporidium infection was compared by using transgenic C. elegans strain, and the sensitivity of C. elegans strains to microsporidium homogeneae was compared by food consumption rate experiment. The infection rate and the degree of infection were compared by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the evolutionary consequences of natural selection due to the different sensitivity of different wild C. elegans strains to microsporidium were studied by survival competition experiment.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q958.9
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本文編號：1572118