本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低溫等離子體 電磁波 相互作用 等離子體參數(shù)　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：等離子體是一種由大量自由運(yùn)動(dòng)的帶電粒子構(gòu)成的特殊材料,具有獨(dú)特的電磁特性。在與外界電磁波的相互作用過程中,等離子體能夠表現(xiàn)出與普通介質(zhì)和金屬非常不同的性質(zhì)。研究等離子體與電磁波的相互作用不僅能夠從理論角度加深對(duì)等離子體本身屬性的理解,同時(shí)在應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中對(duì)各類以等離子體為基礎(chǔ)的射頻/微波器件的設(shè)計(jì)與制造也具有重要的意義。本文從數(shù)值模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)兩方面研究了圓柱形等離子體及其陣列與電磁波(主要是微波頻段)相互作用的性質(zhì),探索其中出現(xiàn)的電磁波散射、等離子體激元以及光子禁帶現(xiàn)象,分析這些現(xiàn)象與等離子體參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。研究主要分為三部分:首先,利用時(shí)域有限差分(FDTD)方法,對(duì)電磁波在密度分布不均勻的圓柱形等離子體內(nèi)的傳播與散射進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,研究了電子密度、碰撞頻率以及密度分布類型對(duì)散射波的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)上利用空心陰極放電在低氣壓氬氣中產(chǎn)生不均勻等離子體柱,利用微波干涉法估算其電子密度,并測(cè)量了不同接收角度下電磁波的散射功率。模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,電子密度中心高、周圍低的非均勻等離子體柱對(duì)電磁波具有明顯的偏轉(zhuǎn)作用,導(dǎo)致散射波能量的再分布。其次,模擬研究了不同條件下入射波在高密度圓柱形等離子體表面產(chǎn)生的等離子體激元現(xiàn)象。結(jié)果表明當(dāng)?shù)入x子體參數(shù)和入射電磁波滿足一定條件時(shí),等離子體柱表面能夠形成明顯的激元,同時(shí)等離子體柱自身的消散效率出現(xiàn)極大值。柱面上的等離子體激元等效于沿相反方向傳播的表面波相互干涉所形成的駐波,其模式隨等離子體參數(shù)以及圓柱尺寸而變化。當(dāng)激元出現(xiàn)時(shí),等離子體柱周圍的散射場(chǎng)將顯著增強(qiáng)。最后,利用規(guī)則排列的多根等離子體柱組成等離子體光子晶體,數(shù)值模擬了此類光子晶體的能帶結(jié)構(gòu),以及禁帶性質(zhì)與等離子體電子密度、碰撞頻率和晶體幾何參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。實(shí)驗(yàn)上利用多根低氣壓放電管組成光子晶體,研究了管內(nèi)電流、放電管數(shù)目以及管間距等參數(shù)對(duì)于入射電磁波透射率的影響。結(jié)果表明,利用圓柱形放電管可以方便地組裝等離子體光子晶體,此類光子晶體具有可控的禁帶結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Plasma is a special material composed of a large number of free moving charged particles, which has unique electromagnetic properties. Plasma can exhibit very different properties from ordinary medium and metal. The study of the interaction between plasma and electromagnetic wave can not only deepen the understanding of the properties of plasma itself from a theoretical point of view. At the same time, it is of great significance to design and manufacture all kinds of RF / microwave devices based on plasma in the application field. In this paper, the cylindrical plasma and its array are studied from the aspects of numerical simulation and experiment. The nature of the interaction of electromagnetic waves (mainly in the microwave band), The phenomena of electromagnetic wave scattering, plasma exciton and photonic band gap are explored, and the relationship between these phenomena and plasma parameters is analyzed. The research is divided into three parts: firstly, the FDTD method is used. The propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves in cylindrical plasma with inhomogeneous density distribution are numerically simulated, and the electron density is studied. The effect of collision frequency and density distribution on the scattering wave is studied. The electron density is estimated by microwave interferometry by using hollow cathode discharge to produce inhomogeneous plasma column in low pressure argon. The scattering power of electromagnetic wave at different receiving angles is measured. The simulation and experimental results show that the inhomogeneous plasma column with high electron density center and low surrounding plasma has obvious deflection to electromagnetic wave. Which leads to the redistribution of scattered wave energy. Secondly, The plasmon phenomena produced by incident waves on the surface of high density cylindrical plasma under different conditions are simulated. The results show that when the plasma parameters and incident electromagnetic waves satisfy certain conditions, At the same time, the dissipation efficiency of the plasma column is maximized. The plasma excitation on the cylinder is equivalent to the standing wave caused by the interference of the surface waves propagating in the opposite direction. The mode varies with the plasma parameters and the size of the cylinder. The scattering field around the plasma column increases significantly when the plasmon appears. Finally, the plasma photonic crystal is composed of regularly arranged plasma columns. The energy band structure of the photonic crystals and the relationship between the band gap properties and the electron density of the plasma, the collision frequency and the geometric parameters of the crystals are numerically simulated. The effects of the parameters such as the current in the tube, the number of the discharge tubes and the distance between the tubes on the transmittance of the incident electromagnetic wave are studied. The results show that the plasma photonic crystal can be assembled conveniently by using the cylindrical discharge tube. This kind of photonic crystal has controllable band gap structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O53;O441

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本文編號(hào)：1544110