發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-24 02:35

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 亞熱帶森林 土壤有機(jī)碳 空間格局 環(huán)境因子 碳穩(wěn)定性同位素　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(武漢植物園)》2016年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：土壤作為陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最大的碳庫(kù)和氮庫(kù),其微小波動(dòng)也會(huì)對(duì)全球碳氮循環(huán)過(guò)程造成深遠(yuǎn)影響。土壤固碳被認(rèn)為是緩和氣候變化最重要的途徑之一。因?yàn)橥寥捞嫉哂泻軓?qiáng)的空間變異特征,所以預(yù)測(cè)土壤碳氮循環(huán)對(duì)全球變化的響應(yīng)及評(píng)估土壤固碳的能力仍具有很大的不確定性。在局域尺度上開(kāi)展森林土壤碳氮空間變異及影響因素的研究能夠?yàn)闇?zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)森林土壤碳庫(kù)、氮庫(kù)對(duì)全球變化的響應(yīng)提供更加可靠的信息,也能有效加深我們對(duì)區(qū)域土壤碳氮循環(huán)機(jī)制的理解。同時(shí),研究不同植物群落類(lèi)型對(duì)土壤碳氮含量及空間分布的影響及其可能機(jī)制,對(duì)制定合理的森林管理措施并緩解氣候變化也具有一定的理論參考價(jià)值。本研究以湖南八大公山25 ha森林生物多樣性監(jiān)測(cè)樣地土壤為研究對(duì)象,在大量采樣(n=972)的基礎(chǔ)上,利用半方差分析和方差分解等分析方法對(duì)該區(qū)土壤有機(jī)碳(SOC)和總氮(TN)含量以及土壤δ13C的空間變異及影響因素進(jìn)行研究；在樣地內(nèi)選取兩種不同群落類(lèi)型,對(duì)比分析了不同植物群落類(lèi)型(小花木荷群落Schima parviflora和亮葉水青岡群落Fagus lucida)對(duì)SOC和TN空間分布的影響,初步探討了其可能的影響機(jī)制。主要結(jié)果如下：八大公山25 ha樣地土壤表層及亞表層SOC和TN均呈中等程度的空間自相關(guān),但表層土壤空間自相關(guān)強(qiáng)度要低于亞表層土壤。SOC和TN在2m尺度以下具有較強(qiáng)的空間變異,推測(cè)與微地形及土壤微生物密切相關(guān)的微環(huán)境因子對(duì)SOC和TN在該尺度上的空間變異起著重要作用。土壤因子是影響八大公山SOC和TN空間變異的主要因素,土壤pH、有效磷及粘粒含量與SOC含量具有顯著的相關(guān)關(guān)系。植被因子對(duì)SOC含量的影響表現(xiàn)出一定的尺度效應(yīng),在20 m的尺度上對(duì)土壤碳含量的影響遠(yuǎn)大于5 m和10 m尺度。雖然地形因子對(duì)SOC和TN的解釋量較小,但Mantel's test的結(jié)果仍顯示地形與SOC含量呈顯著相關(guān)�？臻g結(jié)構(gòu)因子作為各種尺度空間過(guò)程的集合,對(duì)SOC和TN的空間變異具有重要影響。各類(lèi)因子間具有復(fù)雜的交互作用。八大公山25 ha樣地土壤δ13C值變化范圍較小,表層土壤813C值顯著低于亞表層土壤,且均表現(xiàn)為中等程度的空間自相關(guān)。土壤613C值在2 m尺度以下仍具有一定的變異性,可能主要是由微生物利用SOC導(dǎo)致的同位素分餾或其他空間過(guò)程引起的。土壤、植被和地形因子對(duì)土壤δ13C值變異的總解釋量在表層和亞表層間大致相當(dāng),但空間結(jié)構(gòu)因子對(duì)亞表層土壤δ13C的解釋力明顯高于表層土壤。表明亞表層土壤碳穩(wěn)定同位素組成更易受各種空間過(guò)程的影響。植被因子的解釋力微小,說(shuō)明在本研究中所涉及的植被屬性在不同樣點(diǎn)間的差異并不足以對(duì)土壤碳穩(wěn)定同位素的組成造成顯著的影響。土壤因子則可能通過(guò)調(diào)控微生物的同位素分餾影響土壤δ13C的空間變異。地形因子對(duì)土壤813C值空間變異的解釋量主要通過(guò)與空間結(jié)構(gòu)因子的共同作用實(shí)現(xiàn)。植被群落類(lèi)型對(duì)SOC和TN的空間分布具有顯著影響。對(duì)于SOC和TN含量,不同群落類(lèi)型間的差異主要表現(xiàn)在表層土壤(0-10 cm),推測(cè)這與凋落物來(lái)源的碳和該區(qū)強(qiáng)烈的淋溶作用有關(guān)。對(duì)于土壤碳氮儲(chǔ)量,差異則主要表現(xiàn)在深層土壤(30-60 cm)。群落類(lèi)型對(duì)土壤C/N無(wú)顯著影響,C/N在相同土壤深度條件下趨于穩(wěn)定,反映了該區(qū)土壤碳氮間的緊密關(guān)系。不同群落類(lèi)型間土壤δ13C值具有顯著差異,可能是由群落間地上凋落物和細(xì)根δ13C值的差異引起的。
[Abstract]:As the soil carbon and nitrogen pool the largest terrestrial ecosystem, the small fluctuations will cause a profound impact on the global carbon and nitrogen cycling. Soil carbon sequestration is considered to be one of the most important ways to mitigate climate change. Because of the spatial variability of soil carbon and nitrogen is very strong, so the prediction of soil carbon and nitrogen cycle of global change the response and evaluation of soil carbon sequestration capacity still has a lot of uncertainty. The development space of soil carbon and nitrogen in forest variation and influencing factors research to accurately predict the forest soil carbon pool in the local scale, nitrogen pool to global change in response to provide more reliable information, but also can deepen our understanding of carbon the nitrogen cycle mechanism of regional soil. At the same time, different plant community types on soil carbon and nitrogen contents and spatial distribution and the possible mechanism of forest management measures, reasonable and slow. Climate change also has a certain reference value. This study takes Hunan Badagong mountain biological diversity monitoring ha 25 forest soil samples as the research object, in a large number of sampling (n=972) on the basis of soil organic carbon in this area by using the semi variance analysis and variance decomposition analysis method (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) factors were studied including the 13C content and soil spatial variability and influence; selected two kinds of different community types in plots, comparative analysis of different plant community types (parviflora and Schima in Schima parviflora Fagus lucida community Fagus lucida) on SOC and TN spatial distribution, discusses its influence mechanism possible. The main results are as follows: a moderate spatial autocorrelation of soil surface HA 25 plots of Badagong mountain and sub surface SOC and TN, but the surface soil spatial autocorrelation strength is lower than subsurface soil.SOC and TN in 2M The following is a strong scale spatial variability, presumably with the micro topography and soil microorganisms closely related to micro environmental factors on the spatial variability in the scale of SOC and TN play an important role. The soil factor is the main factor affecting the variation of SOC and TN, the space of Badagong mountain soil pH, available phosphorus and clay content and SOC the content has the remarkable correlation. Impact of vegetation on the content of SOC showed the scale effect, in the 20 m scale effect on soil carbon content more than 5 m and 10 m scale. Although the interpretation of small amount of topographic factors on SOC and TN, but Mantel's test still showed a significant terrain related to the content of SOC. The spatial structure factor as a collection of various scale space process, has an important influence on the spatial variation of SOC and TN. With complex interactions between various factors. Badagongshannational 25 ha soil 13C values change A smaller range, the value of surface soil 813C was significantly lower than that of subsurface soil, and showed moderate spatial autocorrelation. The soil 613C value in the 2 m scale still has a certain degree of variability, may be mainly caused by isotope fractionation by microorganisms resulting from SOC or other space process caused by soil, vegetation and terrain factors the soil 13C values of the total amount of explained variation in surface and subsurface between roughly, but explain the spatial structure factor on subsurface soil 13C was significantly higher than that in the surface soil. To show the effect of subsurface soil and stable carbon isotopic composition is more susceptible to a variety of spatial processes. The vegetation factors explain small vegetation attributes involved in this study at the same point difference is not enough on the composition of soil carbon stable isotope effect. The soil factor may be through the regulation of microbial isotope Fractionation effect of spatial variability of soil 13C. Topographic factors on soil 813C value explained mainly through the interaction of spatial variability and spatial structure factors. Has a significant impact on vegetation community types SOC and TN spatial distribution. For SOC and TN content, the differences between different community types mainly in the surface soil (0-10 cm), and speculated that the source of litter and the carbon intensive leaching. The soil carbon and nitrogen reserves, the difference is mainly in the deep soil (30-60 cm). The community types had no significant effect on soil C/N, C/N tends to be stable in the same depth of soil conditions, reflects the close relationship between the soil carbon and nitrogen among different communities. Soil 13C values had significant differences, may be caused by the differences between communities on Litterfall and fine root Delta 13C value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(武漢植物園)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S714

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王淑彬;徐慧芳;宋同清;黃國(guó)勤;彭晚霞;杜虎;;廣西森林土壤主要養(yǎng)分的空間異質(zhì)性[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2014年18期

2 盧志軍;鮑大川;郭屹立;路俊盟;王慶剛;何東;張奎漢;徐耀粘;劉海波;孟紅杰;黃漢東;魏新增;廖建雄;喬秀娟;江明喜;谷志容;廖春林;;八大公山中亞熱帶山地常綠落葉闊葉混交林物種組成與結(jié)構(gòu)[J];植物科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年04期

3 黃林;王峰;周立江;黃茹;齊代華;魏剛;;不同森林類(lèi)型根系分布與土壤性質(zhì)的關(guān)系[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2012年19期

4 ;Effects of land use, climate, topography and soil properties on regional soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in the Upstream Watershed of Miyun Reservoir, North China[J];Journal of Environmental Sciences;2012年03期

5 劉濤;高曉飛;;激光粒度儀與沉降一吸管法測(cè)定褐土顆粒組成的比較[J];水土保持研究;2012年01期

6 李龍波;劉濤澤;李曉東;劉文景;劉叢強(qiáng);;貴州喀斯特地區(qū)典型土壤有機(jī)碳垂直分布特征及其同位素組成[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2012年02期

7 張忠華;胡剛;祝介東;倪健;;喀斯特森林土壤養(yǎng)分的空間異質(zhì)性及其對(duì)樹(shù)種分布的影響[J];植物生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2011年10期

8 趙成章;石福習(xí);董小剛;任珩;盛亞萍;高福元;楊文斌;;祁連山北坡退化林地植被群落的自然恢復(fù)過(guò)程及土壤特征變化[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2011年01期

9 原作強(qiáng);李步杭;白雪嬌;藺菲;師帥;葉吉;王緒高;郝占慶;;長(zhǎng)白山闊葉紅松林凋落物組成及其季節(jié)動(dòng)態(tài)[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2010年09期

10 楊金玲;張甘霖;李德成;潘繼花;;激光法與濕篩-吸管法測(cè)定土壤顆粒組成的轉(zhuǎn)換及質(zhì)地確定[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2009年05期

，

本文編號(hào)：1528551