本文關鍵詞： 多光子干涉 GHZ定理 量子精密測量 玻色采樣　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本論文主要內容是基于多光子干涉的若干問題的實驗研究。多光子干涉是一種純碎的量子效應,其應用范圍極其廣泛,包括量子力學基礎檢驗、量子精密測量、量子計算和量子模擬等等。在量子力學基礎檢驗方面,GHZ定理以一種"非此即彼"的方式直接證否EPR實在元素的概念。2000年,人們首次實驗驗證了三粒子的GHZ定理。隨后十幾年間,GHZ定理不斷地被推廣到更多粒子的情形。然而,所有這些后續(xù)的實驗都可以約化到三粒子的情形。通過關閉這個可約化漏洞,我們首次實驗檢驗了真正超越三粒子糾纏的GHZ定理。在量子精密測量方面,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)多光子糾纏態(tài)可用來超越經(jīng)典測量技術的散粒噪聲極限。然而,多光子糾纏態(tài)的制備和探測往往依賴于后選擇技術或低效率的非線性性。這嚴重影響了多光子糾纏在量子精密測量上的應用。通過偏振模式和路徑模式的混合編碼,我們簡化了量子傅里葉變換干涉儀的搭建。在此基礎上,我們確定性地觀察到了最多四個光子的超分辨現(xiàn)象。在量子計算和量子模擬方面,玻色采樣是多光子干涉的一個新的研究熱點,是近期最有可能展現(xiàn)出超越經(jīng)典電腦運算能力的模型之一。我們實驗研究了兩種不同單光子源的玻色采樣:基于參量下轉換的概率性單光子源,以及量子點確定性單光子源。前者可通過增加單光子源的數(shù)量并隨機化輸入的方式克服多光子亮度指數(shù)衰減難題,但是多對噪聲問題依然制約著參量光源在玻色采樣上的擴展,我們系統(tǒng)研究了這個問題并提出解決方法。后者原則上不存在多對噪聲問題。最近,我們組在同一個量子點上同時實現(xiàn)了高亮度、高不可分辨性和高單光子性三個關鍵性指標。在此基礎上,我們搭建了基于量子點單光子源的時間編碼的可編程的玻色采樣實驗平臺,首次把玻色采樣的光子數(shù)推進到了四個,為實現(xiàn)真正超越經(jīng)典電腦運算能力的玻色采樣打下了堅實的基礎。
[Abstract]:The main content of this thesis is based on the experimental study of several problems of multiphoton interference. Multiphoton interference is a pure broken quantum effect, which is widely used, including quantum mechanics basic test, quantum precision measurement. Quantum Computation and Quantum Simulation, etc. In terms of fundamental testing of quantum mechanics, the GHz theorem directly proves the concept of EPR real elements in a "either / or" manner. 2000. For the first time, the three-particle GHZ theorem has been experimentally verified. For more than a decade, the GHz theorem has been extended to the case of more particles. All these subsequent experiments can be reduced to the case of three particles. By closing this reducible loophole, we have for the first time tested the GHZ theorem, which really transcends the entanglement of three particles, in terms of quantum precision measurement. It has been found that the multiphoton entangled state can be used to exceed the particle noise limit of classical measurement techniques. The preparation and detection of multi-photon entangled states often depend on the post-selection technique or the inefficiency of nonlinearity, which seriously affects the application of multi-photon entanglement in quantum precision measurement. Code. We have simplified the construction of quantum Fourier transform interferometer. On this basis, we have observed the superresolution of up to four photons with certainty in quantum computation and quantum simulation. Boson sampling is a new research hotspot in multiphoton interference. It is one of the most likely models to outperform the classical computer computing power in the near future. We have experimentally studied two kinds of Bose sampling of single photon sources: probabilistic single photon sources based on parametric downconversion. The former can overcome the problem of multi-photon luminance exponent attenuation by increasing the number of single-photon sources and randomizing the input. However, the problem of multi-pair noise still restricts the expansion of parametric light source on boson sampling. We have systematically studied this problem and put forward a solution. The latter, in principle, does not have the problem of multi-pair noise. Recently. Our group has realized three key indexes of high brightness, high indiscernibility and high single photon property simultaneously on the same quantum dot. We set up a programmable Bose sampling experimental platform based on time coding of quantum dot single photon source and advanced the number of boson sampling to four for the first time. It lays a solid foundation for the realization of Bose sampling, which surpasses the classical computing ability.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O431.2

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 煍昌德;邵惠民;;關於玻色系的激發(fā)與壽命[J];南京大學學報(自然科學版);1964年01期

2 楊松，

本文編號：1459683