本文關(guān)鍵詞：提高超短激光脈沖傳播過程記錄精度的研究　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超短脈沖傳播的記錄和觀察 瞬態(tài)光學(xué)成像 飛光全息記錄 雙探測頻域剪切干涉 消色散的SPIDER相位重建算法

【摘要】：超短脈沖激光已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于包括超快現(xiàn)象研究、精密材料加工、超精密外科手術(shù)、光通信和高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域等科研和生活的各個領(lǐng)域,并推動了物理、生物、化學(xué)、材料和信息科學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的全新發(fā)展。超短脈沖激光在介質(zhì)中的傳播是超短脈沖激光技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。因此,實現(xiàn)超短脈沖激光傳播行為的記錄和觀察,對于各個領(lǐng)域的研究和應(yīng)用都具有重要的價值和意義。通過觀察超短脈沖激光的傳播行為,不僅可以證實超短脈沖激光傳播的相關(guān)理論和實驗結(jié)果,還有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)、理解和完善地闡述超快過程和超快現(xiàn)象的動力學(xué)機(jī)制,有助于闡明高效材料加工的條件和優(yōu)化激光加工中激光光束的控制,有助于闡明納米手術(shù)中脈沖傳播的最優(yōu)條件,有助于應(yīng)用于光子網(wǎng)絡(luò)中光學(xué)器件的表征和機(jī)理研究,有助于分析和發(fā)展用于高性能光通信的光學(xué)器件和系統(tǒng)。本論文主要對能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)超短脈沖傳播過程記錄和觀察的時間分辨超快測量技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入、系統(tǒng)地研究,提高了超短激光脈沖傳播過程的記錄精度。本論文的主要工作創(chuàng)新包括以下幾個方面:1.本文以透射型飛光全息記錄為例,對再現(xiàn)脈沖波前畸變進(jìn)行分析,并采用優(yōu)化成像參數(shù)和引入柱透鏡的方法提高了飛光全息記錄的精度。飛光全息記錄可以通過單次實驗得到脈沖傳播的空間和時間連續(xù)的動態(tài)圖像,實現(xiàn)脈沖傳播的直接可視化觀察。但由于某一時刻脈沖波前截面通過散射器件產(chǎn)生的物光波前包含不受影響的原始波前和各方向出射的散射光波,因此全息圖上與參考光同時到達(dá)(光程差小于相干長度)形成干涉圖樣的物光點并不嚴(yán)格對應(yīng)于該脈沖波前截面上的點,導(dǎo)致再現(xiàn)脈沖波前產(chǎn)生畸變。由數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果可知,再現(xiàn)脈沖波前畸變隨d(平行放置的散射平面和記錄介質(zhì)平面之間的間距)和θO(待測脈沖傾斜入射散射平面的角度)的增大而減小。因此,選取較大的d和θO,可以極大地減小再現(xiàn)脈沖波前在時間方向(全息記錄介質(zhì)表面脈沖傳播的方向)上的畸變,此時來自脈沖截面上各點散射光引起的空間方向(在全息記錄介質(zhì)表面上與時間方向垂直的方向)上的互相影響仍然存在,全息圖上一點再現(xiàn)出的脈沖形狀無限接近于一條在時間方向上有一定寬度的直線。另一方面,通過引入一個柱透鏡,可以在不影響記錄脈沖傳播過程的同時,極大地減小散射光在空間方向上的影響。2.提出DMD STRIPED FISH技術(shù),與STRIPED FISH技術(shù)相比,可以在將CCD空間帶寬積的利用率提高大約一倍的同時,極大地提高分幅速率。STRIPED FISH技術(shù)可以實現(xiàn)超短脈沖場時空分布的單次測量,但其子全息圖的空間帶寬積和帶通濾波器對衍射光束的波長選擇的自由度之間存在消長關(guān)系。通過在STRIPED FISH實驗裝置中加入數(shù)字微鏡器件(DMD),使子全息圖位置獨立于波長選擇,從而可以在實現(xiàn)CCD空間帶寬積利用率的最大化的同時,極大地提高分幅速率。此外,結(jié)合電光采樣技術(shù),對THz脈沖的三維時空電場分布的單次測量進(jìn)行了模擬,結(jié)果表明重建出的電場分布與原始分布基本一致。3.提出雙探測頻域剪切干涉技術(shù),與頻域全息成像(FDH)相比,在某些應(yīng)用情況下具有更好的準(zhǔn)確性和穩(wěn)定性。雙探測頻域剪切干涉技術(shù)利用兩束存在相對時間延遲的時頻特性相同的線性啁啾脈沖共同探測超快相位,并利用迭代的方法進(jìn)行相位重建。在待測相位持續(xù)時間較大的情況下,由于頻譜儀的分辨率限制,Ⅰ類FDH(參考脈沖經(jīng)過介質(zhì))無法準(zhǔn)確測量及再現(xiàn)出待測超快相位。與之相比,雙探測頻域剪切干涉技術(shù)和II類FDH(參考脈沖不經(jīng)過介質(zhì))不受到待測相位持續(xù)時間的影響,可以更為準(zhǔn)確地測量及再現(xiàn)待測相位。而與II類FDH相比,雙探測頻域剪切干涉技術(shù)不需要額外的步驟測量介質(zhì)色散引起的相位,且不會由于探測脈沖經(jīng)過而參考脈沖不經(jīng)過介質(zhì)導(dǎo)致相位測量的穩(wěn)定性和準(zhǔn)確性容易受到環(huán)境的影響(尤其是對于空間分布相位的測量)。通過對太赫茲(THz)脈沖信號自由空間時域波形測量的實驗結(jié)果表明,在有效探測時間寬度范圍內(nèi),雙探測頻域剪切干涉技術(shù)測得的結(jié)果與II類FDH的基本相同,具有較高的準(zhǔn)確性。4.提出消色散的光譜相位相干直接電場重建(SPIDER)的相位重建算法。SPIDER是一種能夠快速和準(zhǔn)確地測量超短激光脈沖參數(shù)的光譜剪切干涉測量技術(shù)。在傳統(tǒng)的SPIDER系統(tǒng)中,待測脈沖的復(fù)制脈沖對之間的色散不平衡會導(dǎo)致相位測量誤差。針對該誤差,提出了一種消色散的相位重建算法,可以極大地提高待測脈沖的重建精度。數(shù)值模擬和實驗結(jié)果都表明,利用消色散的準(zhǔn)確算法可以極大地提高重建相位和預(yù)設(shè)相位的一致性。而相較于色散平衡的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu),利用消色散的準(zhǔn)確算法在保持實驗結(jié)構(gòu)簡單的同時,還可以實現(xiàn)更高的重建精度。
[Abstract]:Ultrashort pulse laser has been widely used in various fields including scientific research, life and ultrafast phenomena precision materials processing, ultra precision surgery, optical communication and other high-tech fields, and promote the full development of new physics, biology, chemistry, materials science and information. The propagation of ultra short pulse laser in the medium is the basis of ultra short pulse laser technology. Therefore, it is of great value and significance for the research and application of various fields to record and observe the propagation behavior of ultrashort pulse laser. Through observe the propagation of ultrashort laser pulses, not only can confirm the related theoretical and experimental results of ultrashort pulse laser propagation, but also helps to identify, understand and improve on the ultrafast process of ultrafast phenomena and dynamic mechanism, a help to clarify, material processing and control optimization of laser beam in laser processing, help to elucidate the nano operation optimal pulse propagation conditions, characterization and Study on Mechanism of photonic devices used in optical network, is helpful to the analysis and development of optical devices and systems for high performance optical communication. In this paper, the time resolved ultrafast measurement technology that can record and observe ultrashort pulse propagation process is studied deeply and systematically, which improves the recording accuracy of ultrashort laser pulse propagation process. The main works of this paper include the following aspects: 1.. In this paper, the transmission wavefront hologram is taken as an example to analyze the reconstructed wavefront aberration, and the accuracy of flying holographic recording is improved by optimizing the imaging parameters and introducing the cylindrical lens. The flfly holographic recording can get the continuous dynamic image of the space and time by the single experiment, and realize the direct visual observation of the pulse propagation. But because of a moment produced by the scattering cross section pulse wavefront device consists of object wave front is not affected by the original wavefront and light scattering in all directions, so the hologram and the reference light arrived at the same time (optical path difference is less than the coherence length) and the formation of light interference pattern does not strictly correspond to the pulse front section the point, lead to the reappearance of pulse wavefront distortion. The numerical simulation results show that the reconstructed wavefront aberration decreases with the increase of D (the distance between the parallel placed scattering plane and the recording medium plane) and theta O (the angle of the scattering plane to be measured). Therefore, choosing the bigger D and 6 O, can greatly reduce the reappearance of pulse wavefront in the time direction (holographic recording medium surface pulse propagation direction) on the distortion, this time from the space section of each point on the direction of pulse light scattering caused by (in the holographic recording medium on the surface and the direction perpendicular to the direction of influence on each other) still, the hologram a pulse shape reproduce infinitely close to a straight line in the time direction with a certain width. On the other hand, by introducing a cylindrical lens, it can greatly reduce the influence of the scattered light on the spatial direction without affecting the propagation of the recording pulse. 2., put forward the technology of DMD STRIPED FISH. Compared with STRIPED FISH technology, it can increase the utilization rate of CCD space bandwidth product about twice, and greatly increase the rate of framing. The STRIPED FISH technology can achieve the single time measurement of the spatio-temporal distribution of ultrashort pulse field, but the spatial bandwidth product of its sub hologram and the band pass filter have a growth and decline relationship between the wavelength of the diffraction beam and the degree of freedom of the wavelength selection. By adding digital micromirror device (DMD) into STRIPED FISH experimental device, the location of sub holograms is independent of wavelength selection, so that the utilization rate of CCD bandwidth product can be maximized and the framing rate can be greatly improved. In addition, combined with electro-optic sampling technology, we simulated the single time measurement of three dimensional time and space electric field distribution of THz pulse. The results show that the reconstructed electric field distribution is basically consistent with the original distribution. 3. the dual detection frequency domain shear interference technique is proposed. Compared with the frequency domain holography (FDH), it has better accuracy and stability in some applications. The dual detection frequency domain shearing interferometry technology uses two linearly time-varying chirped pulses with the same time delay characteristics to detect the ultrafast phase together, and uses iterative method to reconstruct phase. Due to the limitation of the resolution of the spectrum analyzer, the first class FDH (reference pulse passing through the medium) can not accurately measure and reproduce the ultrafast phase to be measured under the condition of larger phase duration. In contrast, dual detection frequency domain shearing interferometry and II class FDH (reference pulse without medium) are not affected by the duration of the measured phase, and can be used to measure and reproduce the measured phase more accurately. Compared with II FDH, double frequency interference detection technology does not need the shearing phase measurement of dielectric dispersion caused by additional steps, and not because of the detection pulse after the reference pulse without phase medium causes the stability and accuracy of measurement easily affected by environment (especially for measuring the spatial distribution of the phase). The experimental results of the free space time domain waveform measurement of terahertz (THz) pulse signal show that within the range of effective detection time, the result of dual detection frequency domain shearing interferometry is basically the same as that of class II FDH, and it has high accuracy. 4. proposed achromatic spectral phase coherent direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER) phase reconstruction algorithm. SPIDER is a spectral shearing interferometry technique that can measure the parameters of ultrashort laser pulses quickly and accurately. In the traditional SPIDER system, the unbalanced dispersion of the duplicated pulses between the pending pulses will lead to the phase measurement error. According to the error, presents an achromatic phase reconstruction algorithm can greatly improve the reconstruction accuracy of the measured pulse. Both numerical simulation and experimental results
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN24

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