青海省灘間山地區(qū)內(nèi)生金屬礦產(chǎn)成礦作用研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-12 13:13
【摘要】：研究區(qū)(灘間山地區(qū))位于青藏高原柴達(dá)木盆地北緣西部,柴達(dá)木盆地北緣為我國繼秦嶺—大別之后的又一條超高壓變質(zhì)帶,這條超高壓變質(zhì)帶具有獨(dú)特的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造背景和地質(zhì)演化過程,同時(shí),形成了中國又一條復(fù)合造山帶。在漫長的地質(zhì)演化時(shí)期,形成了與不同地質(zhì)構(gòu)造環(huán)境相對應(yīng)的礦床組合,為中國西部重要的成礦帶之一。在柴北緣成礦帶上有著名的錫鐵山超大型鉛鋅礦床、灘間山金龍溝大型金礦床和青龍溝金礦床等較多礦床(點(diǎn))。本論文通過對研究區(qū)域內(nèi)大量地質(zhì)資料和科研成果的綜合分析和研究,運(yùn)用造山帶理論對柴達(dá)木盆地北緣不同地質(zhì)歷史時(shí)期的地球動(dòng)力學(xué)背景和演化過程進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的探討和重新厘定,建立了柴達(dá)木盆地北緣地球動(dòng)力學(xué)演化模型。同時(shí),科學(xué)的運(yùn)用地學(xué)研究的現(xiàn)代測試方法和技術(shù),以現(xiàn)代的成礦理論為指導(dǎo),對所研究區(qū)域內(nèi)的典型礦床進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作和室內(nèi)研究工作,依據(jù)所研究的結(jié)果系統(tǒng)的總結(jié)了柴達(dá)木盆地北緣在不同的地質(zhì)歷史時(shí)期和不同的區(qū)域動(dòng)力學(xué)背景下的成礦作用特征。通過本文的研究結(jié)果表明:柴達(dá)木盆地北緣在新元古代即存在一個(gè)古大洋(以下簡稱柴北緣洋),而非部分學(xué)者認(rèn)為的大陸裂谷環(huán)境,該古大洋應(yīng)是始特提斯洋構(gòu)造域的一部分,夾持于柴達(dá)木陸塊和歐龍布魯克微陸塊之間。兩個(gè)陸塊并非是華北板塊裂解的產(chǎn)物,應(yīng)是羅迪尼亞大陸裂解的產(chǎn)物,通過分析比對已有的研究資料,我們認(rèn)為,柴北緣洋打開時(shí)限至少在新元古代開始,依據(jù)Murphy的造山帶理論,柴北緣洋可能存在南北雙向俯沖,限于柴北緣南部柴達(dá)木盆地的巨厚沉積物覆蓋,暫時(shí)未能查證到向南側(cè)俯沖有效的證據(jù),而向北俯沖的證據(jù)明顯。新元古代大洋的形成階段,大陸邊緣主要表現(xiàn)為被動(dòng)陸緣,新元古代末期至加里東期,柴北緣洋進(jìn)入始特提斯洋構(gòu)造域,洋殼俯沖作用開始體現(xiàn)為被動(dòng)陸緣向活動(dòng)陸緣的轉(zhuǎn)換,形成了溝-弧-盆體系,加里東晚期大洋開始閉合,表現(xiàn)為由西向東的“剪刀式”閉合,發(fā)生弧陸碰撞和陸陸碰撞,同時(shí)洋殼拖拽陸殼深俯沖并開始碰撞造山,華力西期全面進(jìn)入了陸內(nèi)造山作用,后期發(fā)生碰撞后伸展作用。通過對灘間地區(qū)的典型礦床研究,我們進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)了金龍溝金礦床受變質(zhì)核雜巖控礦的特征,同時(shí)在該區(qū)域通過野外地質(zhì)工作首次識(shí)別并論證了受變質(zhì)核雜巖控礦的獨(dú)樹溝金礦。金龍溝金礦床受變質(zhì)核雜巖控礦的認(rèn)識(shí)改變了前人認(rèn)為的逆沖推覆構(gòu)造控礦的觀點(diǎn),該變質(zhì)核雜巖中與成礦密切相關(guān)的花崗斑巖年齡為356±2.8Ma,表明晚華力西期伸展構(gòu)造背景下形成了與礦化密切相關(guān)的變質(zhì)核雜巖。受變質(zhì)核雜巖控礦的獨(dú)樹溝金礦成礦作用應(yīng)與金龍溝金礦床一致。明確了本區(qū)內(nèi)的青龍灘含銅硫鐵礦為早期熱水沉積成礦期與晚期矽卡巖期兩期成礦作用形成的疊生礦床。萬洞溝鐵礦為矽卡巖型礦床,對與礦化有關(guān)的斜長花崗斑巖的進(jìn)行LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb測年結(jié)果顯示為467±3Ma,為加里東期巖漿活動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物。青龍溝金礦為本區(qū)內(nèi)晚加里東期和晚華力西期—印支期陸陸碰撞和陸內(nèi)造山的結(jié)果,受多期次造山疊加作用的影響,屬淺成中溫造山型金礦床。紅柳溝金礦床同樣經(jīng)歷了加里東期和華力西期—印支期復(fù)合造山作用的影響,屬于淺成中溫造山型金礦床。加里東期與華力西期為本研究區(qū)重要成礦期:青龍灘含銅硫鐵礦與萬洞溝鐵礦及研究區(qū)外圍的錫鐵山鉛鋅礦形成于洋殼和加里東期洋殼俯沖的構(gòu)造環(huán)境;紅柳溝金礦與青龍溝金礦為晚加里東期碰撞造山的過程中形成;華力西期形成了與造山后伸展作用背景下的金龍溝金礦與獨(dú)樹溝金礦。
[Abstract]:The study area (intertidal mountain area) is located in the western part of the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is another ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt after Qinling-Dabie in China. This ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt has a unique geological tectonic setting and geological evolution process. At the same time, another complex orogenic belt has been formed in China. During the geological evolution period, the mineral deposit associations corresponding to different geological and tectonic environments were formed, which is one of the important metallogenic belts in Western China.There are many famous Xitieshan super-large lead-zinc deposits, Tanjianshan Jinlonggou large-scale gold deposits and Qinglonggou gold deposits in the metallogenic belt of northern Qaidam Basin. Based on the comprehensive analysis and study of geological data and scientific research achievements, the geodynamic background and evolution process of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin in different geological periods are discussed and redefined in detail by using the theory of orogenic belt, and the geodynamic evolution model of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin is established. Guided by modern metallogenic theory, this paper has carried out detailed field geological survey and laboratory research on typical deposits in the studied area, and systematically summarized the metallogenesis of the northern margin of Qaidam basin in different geological and historical periods and under different regional dynamic backgrounds. The results of this study show that there was an ancient ocean in the northern margin of Qaidam basin during Neoproterozoic (hereinafter referred to as the northern margin ocean of Qaidam basin), not a continental rift environment that some scholars believe. The ancient ocean should be a part of the Euthyan Tethyan tectonic domain, sandwiched between the Qaidam block and the Eulongbrook microcontinental block. The North Qaidam Plate is not the product of the North China Plate cracking, but the product of the Rodinia continent cracking. By analyzing and comparing the existing research data, we think that the opening time of the northern Qaidam Margin Ocean began at least in the Neoproterozoic. According to Murphy's theory of orogenic belt, the northern Qaidam Margin Ocean may have a north-south two-way subduction, which is limited to the southern Qaidam Basin in the northern Qaidam During the formation stage of the Neoproterozoic ocean, the continental margin was mainly passive. From the late Neoproterozoic to the Caledonian, the northern Qaidam margin ocean entered the Eotectic oceanic tectonic domain, and the oceanic crust subduction began to be passive. The transition from continental margin to active continental margin resulted in the formation of a trench-arc-basin system, and the ocean began to close in the late Caledonian, showing a "scissor-like" closure from west to east, arc-continent collision and continental collision. At the same time, the oceanic crust dragged the continental crust into deep subduction and began collision orogenesis. Through the study of typical deposits in the intertidal area, we have further confirmed the characteristics of the Jinlonggou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex, and for the first time identified and demonstrated the Dushugou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex in this area through field geological work. The understanding of the Jinlonggou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex has changed. The age of granite porphyry closely related to mineralization in the metamorphic core complex is 356 2.8 Ma, indicating that the metamorphic core complex closely related to mineralization was formed under the Late Variscan extensional tectonic setting. The mineralization of Dushugou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex should be one of Jinlonggou gold deposit. The Qinglongtan copper-bearing pyrite deposit in this area is a superimposed deposit formed by early hydrothermal sedimentary metallogenesis and late skarn metallogenesis. The Wandonggou iron deposit is a skarn type deposit. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the mineralization-related plagioclase granite porphyry shows that it is 467+3 Ma and is Caledonian magmatic activity. Qinglonggou gold deposit is the result of continental collision and intracontinental orogeny in Late Caledonian and Late Variscan-Indosinian epochs in this area. It is a epithermal orogenic gold deposit influenced by multi-stage orogeny and superimposition. Hongliugou gold deposit also underwent Caledonian and Variscan-Indosinian orogeny. The Qinglongtan copper-bearing pyrite and Wandonggou iron deposit and the Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit in the periphery of the study area were formed in the tectonic environment of oceanic crust and Caledonian oceanic crust subduction; the Hongliugou gold deposit and Qinglonggou gold deposit were collisional orogenic in the late Caledonian. During the Variscan period, Jinlonggou gold deposit and Dushugou gold deposit were formed under the background of post-orogenic extension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.2
，
本文編號(hào)：2239110
[Abstract]:The study area (intertidal mountain area) is located in the western part of the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is another ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt after Qinling-Dabie in China. This ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt has a unique geological tectonic setting and geological evolution process. At the same time, another complex orogenic belt has been formed in China. During the geological evolution period, the mineral deposit associations corresponding to different geological and tectonic environments were formed, which is one of the important metallogenic belts in Western China.There are many famous Xitieshan super-large lead-zinc deposits, Tanjianshan Jinlonggou large-scale gold deposits and Qinglonggou gold deposits in the metallogenic belt of northern Qaidam Basin. Based on the comprehensive analysis and study of geological data and scientific research achievements, the geodynamic background and evolution process of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin in different geological periods are discussed and redefined in detail by using the theory of orogenic belt, and the geodynamic evolution model of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin is established. Guided by modern metallogenic theory, this paper has carried out detailed field geological survey and laboratory research on typical deposits in the studied area, and systematically summarized the metallogenesis of the northern margin of Qaidam basin in different geological and historical periods and under different regional dynamic backgrounds. The results of this study show that there was an ancient ocean in the northern margin of Qaidam basin during Neoproterozoic (hereinafter referred to as the northern margin ocean of Qaidam basin), not a continental rift environment that some scholars believe. The ancient ocean should be a part of the Euthyan Tethyan tectonic domain, sandwiched between the Qaidam block and the Eulongbrook microcontinental block. The North Qaidam Plate is not the product of the North China Plate cracking, but the product of the Rodinia continent cracking. By analyzing and comparing the existing research data, we think that the opening time of the northern Qaidam Margin Ocean began at least in the Neoproterozoic. According to Murphy's theory of orogenic belt, the northern Qaidam Margin Ocean may have a north-south two-way subduction, which is limited to the southern Qaidam Basin in the northern Qaidam During the formation stage of the Neoproterozoic ocean, the continental margin was mainly passive. From the late Neoproterozoic to the Caledonian, the northern Qaidam margin ocean entered the Eotectic oceanic tectonic domain, and the oceanic crust subduction began to be passive. The transition from continental margin to active continental margin resulted in the formation of a trench-arc-basin system, and the ocean began to close in the late Caledonian, showing a "scissor-like" closure from west to east, arc-continent collision and continental collision. At the same time, the oceanic crust dragged the continental crust into deep subduction and began collision orogenesis. Through the study of typical deposits in the intertidal area, we have further confirmed the characteristics of the Jinlonggou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex, and for the first time identified and demonstrated the Dushugou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex in this area through field geological work. The understanding of the Jinlonggou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex has changed. The age of granite porphyry closely related to mineralization in the metamorphic core complex is 356 2.8 Ma, indicating that the metamorphic core complex closely related to mineralization was formed under the Late Variscan extensional tectonic setting. The mineralization of Dushugou gold deposit controlled by the metamorphic core complex should be one of Jinlonggou gold deposit. The Qinglongtan copper-bearing pyrite deposit in this area is a superimposed deposit formed by early hydrothermal sedimentary metallogenesis and late skarn metallogenesis. The Wandonggou iron deposit is a skarn type deposit. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the mineralization-related plagioclase granite porphyry shows that it is 467+3 Ma and is Caledonian magmatic activity. Qinglonggou gold deposit is the result of continental collision and intracontinental orogeny in Late Caledonian and Late Variscan-Indosinian epochs in this area. It is a epithermal orogenic gold deposit influenced by multi-stage orogeny and superimposition. Hongliugou gold deposit also underwent Caledonian and Variscan-Indosinian orogeny. The Qinglongtan copper-bearing pyrite and Wandonggou iron deposit and the Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit in the periphery of the study area were formed in the tectonic environment of oceanic crust and Caledonian oceanic crust subduction; the Hongliugou gold deposit and Qinglonggou gold deposit were collisional orogenic in the late Caledonian. During the Variscan period, Jinlonggou gold deposit and Dushugou gold deposit were formed under the background of post-orogenic extension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.2
，
本文編號(hào)：2239110
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