【摘要】：雙源無軌電車由車載儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)和地面供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供雙動(dòng)力源,兼顧有尾氣零排放、節(jié)約能源、行駛靈活、投資少、建設(shè)周期短等優(yōu)勢(shì),成為大中城市公共交通發(fā)展的優(yōu)先選擇。隨著雙源無軌電車的大規(guī)模推廣和應(yīng)用,車輛的機(jī)動(dòng)性、運(yùn)行路況的復(fù)雜性和供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的不確定性,給雙源無軌電車的安全、可靠和有效運(yùn)行帶來了極大的挑戰(zhàn)。本文首先基于北京市雙源無軌電車及供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際參數(shù)和運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù),分析了雙源無軌電車的能耗特性,建立了供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)分段容量估計(jì)的模型,并分別利用電網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析計(jì)算和軟件仿真的方法,對(duì)供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)分段和系統(tǒng)的容量進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,得出了現(xiàn)有地面供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)及運(yùn)行管理技術(shù)不能滿足雙源無軌電車發(fā)展需求的結(jié)論。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),建立了車載儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)出力的優(yōu)化控制模型,并利用最優(yōu)控制算法在約束條件下對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解,同時(shí),采用線性自回歸的方法建立車輛的行駛功率需求預(yù)測(cè)模型,利用帶遺忘因子的遞歸最小二乘法對(duì)預(yù)測(cè)模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行辨識(shí),并通過有限沖激響應(yīng)低通濾波器來提高預(yù)測(cè)精度,融合最優(yōu)控制和行駛功率需求預(yù)測(cè),提出了基于預(yù)測(cè)的車載儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的分布式最優(yōu)控制策略,控制車載儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的出力。應(yīng)用車輛實(shí)際運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)的仿真結(jié)果表明,利用該算法在不影響車輛運(yùn)行的條件下,可以大大降低分段饋線的電流,從而能容納更多數(shù)量雙源無軌電車的行駛,提高供電基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施資源的利用率。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在的分段饋線電流不均的問題,提出了新型的分布式供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),提出了約束和加權(quán)一致性控制算法,對(duì)新型供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行能量管理,僅通過相鄰分段的通信,實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)分段饋線電流的均衡,理論分析和證明了提出的一致性控制算法的穩(wěn)定性,并提出了大觀測(cè)誤差條件下一致性控制算法收斂性的改進(jìn)方法,使各分段的饋線電流能較快地、平滑地收斂到全局平衡分配的目標(biāo)。在各分段額定容量不一致時(shí),還可使各個(gè)分段的饋線電流按照各自的容量成比例的輸出,實(shí)現(xiàn)全局的加權(quán)平均。分析和研究了提出的約束和加權(quán)一致性控制算法的魯棒性和可擴(kuò)展性,并通過仿真實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了算法應(yīng)對(duì)實(shí)際運(yùn)行線路負(fù)荷突變、供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)重組等復(fù)雜工況的可行性和有效性。最后對(duì)前文的單目標(biāo)能量管理模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出了權(quán)衡饋線電流平衡和降低線路功率損耗的新型供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量優(yōu)化管理模型,分別給出了全局優(yōu)化方法和分布式優(yōu)化方法的解,證明了在分段額定容量一致情形下,只利用相鄰分段信息的分布式優(yōu)化方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)全局最優(yōu)解,并給出了基于一致性控制的分布式迭代算法,對(duì)多目標(biāo)能量優(yōu)化管理模型進(jìn)行求解。通過選取不同的權(quán)重因子,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的權(quán)衡目標(biāo),在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí),可根據(jù)不同的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景、雙源無軌電車不同的發(fā)展階段,合理選擇權(quán)重因子。
[Abstract]:Dual source trolley bus is provided with dual power source by vehicle energy storage system and ground power supply network. It has the advantages of zero exhaust emission, energy saving, flexible driving, less investment and short construction cycle. It has become the priority choice for the development of public transportation in large and medium cities. With the large-scale promotion and application of dual source trolley buses, the mobility of vehicles, the complexity of operation conditions and the uncertainty of power supply network structure bring great challenges to the safety, reliability and effective operation of dual source trolley buses. In this paper, based on the actual parameters and operation data of Beijing dual source trolley bus and power supply network system, the energy consumption characteristics of dual source trolley bus are analyzed, and the model of segmental capacity estimation of power supply network is established in this paper. Using the methods of electric network analysis and software simulation, the power supply network segment and the capacity of the system are evaluated. It is concluded that the existing terrestrial power supply network system and operation management technology can not meet the development needs of dual source trolleybus. According to the existing power supply network system, the optimal control model of vehicle energy storage system is established, and the optimal control algorithm is used to solve the model under the constraint conditions, at the same time, The linear autoregressive method is used to establish the vehicle driving power demand prediction model, the recursive least square method with forgetting factor is used to identify the parameters of the prediction model, and the prediction accuracy is improved by the low-pass filter with finite impulse response. Combining the optimal control with the prediction of driving power demand, the distributed optimal control strategy of vehicle energy storage system based on prediction is proposed to control the output of vehicle energy storage system. The simulation results of the actual vehicle operation data show that the proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the current of the segment feeder line without affecting the vehicle operation, so that it can accommodate more double-source trolley cars. Improve the utilization rate of power supply infrastructure resources. In order to solve the problem of uneven current in the existing power supply network, a new distributed power supply network technology is proposed, and a constraint and weighted consistency control algorithm is proposed to manage the energy of the new power supply network. Only through the communication of adjacent segments, the equalization of the feed current in the whole power supply network is realized. The stability of the proposed consistency control algorithm is theoretically analyzed and proved. An improved convergence method of the consistency control algorithm under the condition of large observation error is proposed, which makes the feed current of each segment converge quickly and smoothly to the goal of global equilibrium allocation. When the rated capacity of each segment is not consistent, the feed current of each segment can be outputted in proportion to its own capacity, and the global weighted average can be realized. The robustness and extensibility of the proposed constraint and weighted consistency control algorithm are analyzed and studied, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm in dealing with the complex operating conditions such as line load mutation and power supply network reconfiguration are verified by simulation examples. Finally, the single objective energy management model is improved, and a new energy management model of power supply network is proposed to balance the feeder current balance and reduce the line power loss. The solutions of global optimization method and distributed optimization method are given respectively. It is proved that the global optimal solution can be realized by using only adjacent piecewise information in the case of uniform segmental rated capacity. A distributed iterative algorithm based on consistency control is presented to solve the multi-objective energy optimization management model. By selecting different weight factors, different tradeoff objectives can be realized. In practical application, weight factors can be reasonably selected according to different application scenarios and different stages of development of dual source trolleybus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U482.2

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本文編號(hào)：2145210