流變性對(duì)鉆井液離心機(jī)內(nèi)流特性及分離機(jī)理影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-25 19:35
【摘要】：作為分離機(jī)械,鉆井液離心機(jī)的工作性能與分離介質(zhì)的性質(zhì)息息相關(guān);而由于內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,致使離心機(jī)一直面臨著理論研究落后,生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用過(guò)程缺乏基礎(chǔ)理論及定量研究成果指導(dǎo)的問(wèn)題;工作原理則注定了離心機(jī)“大處理量”、“高分離效率”與“低能耗”之間的矛盾。面對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文開(kāi)展了針對(duì)不同流變性流體的鉆井液離心機(jī)流場(chǎng)研究,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬和理論研究相結(jié)合的方法,分別對(duì)牛頓流體和非牛頓流體在離心機(jī)中的流動(dòng)規(guī)律和分離機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探討,分析了不同參數(shù)對(duì)離心機(jī)內(nèi)流特性的影響規(guī)律,提出了鉆井液離心機(jī)固相顆粒沉降模型,得到了針對(duì)不同流變性流體的鉆井液離心機(jī)分離效率計(jì)算方法。并以大處理量、高分離效率和低能耗為目標(biāo),對(duì)離心機(jī)操作參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,并分析了各參數(shù)對(duì)優(yōu)化結(jié)果的影響。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:針對(duì)鉆井液離心機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),建立了考慮布料口形狀、螺旋推料器轉(zhuǎn)速差以及多粒徑顆粒固液分離的離心機(jī)流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬分析模型,并通過(guò)與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性。分析了轉(zhuǎn)速差對(duì)流場(chǎng)各參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律,為后續(xù)分離介質(zhì)為牛頓流體的離心機(jī)流場(chǎng)理論研究提供了分析基礎(chǔ)。在充分考慮固、液兩相流動(dòng)特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)鉆井液離心機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和工作原理,提出了涉及初始沉降位置對(duì)離心機(jī)分離效果影響的鉆井液離心機(jī)固相顆粒沉降模型。分析了鉆井液由不同形狀布料口到達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)鼓自由液面的流動(dòng)過(guò)程,提出了離心機(jī)初始沉降位置計(jì)算方法。為針對(duì)不同流變性流體的離心機(jī)分離性能計(jì)算提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。推導(dǎo)出不同流動(dòng)狀態(tài)下液相周向速度、軸向速度以及固相沉降速度的計(jì)算表達(dá)式,最終提出了分離介質(zhì)為牛頓流體時(shí)的鉆井液離心機(jī)捕集效率和分離效率計(jì)算方法。該方法揭示了牛頓流體參數(shù)、離心機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、操作參數(shù)與分離性能之間的關(guān)系。針對(duì)冪律流體,建立了分離介質(zhì)為非牛頓流體時(shí)的鉆井液離心機(jī)數(shù)值模擬分析模型,并進(jìn)行了離心機(jī)分離實(shí)驗(yàn),以驗(yàn)證該方法的正確性和準(zhǔn)確性。對(duì)比研究了冪律流體與牛頓流體在離心機(jī)中流動(dòng)特性,分析了速度場(chǎng)、固相體積分布、剪切速率、粘度和湍流強(qiáng)度等在離心機(jī)中的分布規(guī)律。為介質(zhì)為冪律流體的離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)鼓流場(chǎng)理論研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。研究了冪律流體稠度系數(shù)和流性指數(shù)對(duì)離心機(jī)內(nèi)流特性的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)冪律流體稠度系數(shù)對(duì)離心機(jī)流場(chǎng)的影響與牛頓流體粘度對(duì)內(nèi)流特性的影響具有相似的規(guī)律,而流性指數(shù)對(duì)離心機(jī)流場(chǎng)的影響充分反映了冪律流體假塑性流型的剪切稀釋性。建立了描述鉆井液離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)鼓內(nèi)冪律流體流動(dòng)的N-S方程,提出了轉(zhuǎn)鼓內(nèi)冪律流體速度分布計(jì)算方法。分析了冪律流體為介質(zhì)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)鼓中固相顆粒受力,得到了離心力場(chǎng)中顆粒在冪律流體中的干涉沉降速度表達(dá)式。結(jié)合鉆井液離心機(jī)顆粒沉降模型,提出了冪律流體為介質(zhì)的鉆井液離心機(jī)捕集效率和分離效率計(jì)算方法。該方法首次揭示了冪律流體流變參數(shù)、離心機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、操作參數(shù)與分離性能之間的關(guān)系。分析了離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)鼓內(nèi)部流體造成的能量消耗機(jī)理,并推導(dǎo)了能耗的無(wú)量綱表達(dá)式。編制了針對(duì)不同流變性流體的鉆井液離心機(jī)分離性能預(yù)測(cè)軟件。以大處理量、高分離效率和低能耗為目標(biāo),編制了鉆井液離心機(jī)操作參數(shù)優(yōu)化軟件。以上兩個(gè)軟件將理論研究和工程實(shí)際緊密結(jié)合起來(lái),具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)際指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:As a separation machine, the performance of drilling fluid centrifuge is closely related to the properties of the separation medium, and because of the complex internal structure, the centrifuge has been facing the problem of backward theoretical research, the lack of basic theory and the guidance of quantitative research results in the process of production and application; the principle of work doomed the centrifuge to "deal with the amount" of the centrifuge, "high" In the face of the above problems, the flow field of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is studied in this paper. The flow law and separation mechanism of Newton fluid and non Newton fluid in centrifuge are discussed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical research. The influence of different parameters on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is analyzed. The solid particle sedimentation model of drilling fluid centrifuge is proposed. The separation efficiency calculation method of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is obtained. The operation parameters of centrifuge are optimized with the objective of large amount of processing, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, and the analysis of the centrifuge operation parameters is made. The main research contents are as follows: in view of the structure characteristics of the drilling fluid centrifuge, the numerical simulation model of the centrifuge flow field is established, which takes the shape of the cloth mouth, the rotating speed difference of the spiral feeder and the solid liquid separation of the multi particle particle, and proves the feasibility of the method by comparison with the experimental data. The influence law of the rotational speed difference on the parameters of the flow field is analyzed. The analysis foundation is provided for the theoretical study of the centrifuge flow field of the Newton fluid for the subsequent separation medium. On the basis of the characteristics of the solid and liquid two phase flow, the separation of the centrifuge from the initial settlement position is put forward on the basis of the characteristics of the fluid two phase flow and the working principle of the drilling fluid centrifuge. The effect of the drilling fluid centrifuge solid particle settlement model is analyzed. The flow process of the drilling fluid from different shape cloth entrance to the free liquid surface of the drum is analyzed. The calculation method of the initial settlement position of the centrifuge is put forward. The theoretical basis is provided for the separation performance calculation of the centrifuge for different rheological fluids. The calculation expression of the circumferential velocity of the liquid phase, the axial velocity and the settling velocity of the solid phase are given. Finally, the calculation method for the capture efficiency and separation efficiency of the drilling fluid centrifuge for the separation medium is Newton fluid. This method reveals the relation between the parameters of the Newton fluid, the structural parameters of the centrifuge, the relation between the parameters of the centrifuge and the separation performance. Fluid, the centrifuge centrifuge numerical simulation analysis model is established when the separation medium is non Newton fluid, and the centrifuge separation experiment is carried out to verify the correctness and accuracy of the method. The flow characteristics of power law fluid and Newton fluid in centrifuge are compared and studied. The velocity field, solid volume distribution, shear rate and viscosity are analyzed. The distribution law of the turbulence intensity and so on in centrifuge is established. It lays the foundation for the theoretical study of the centrifugal drum flow field of the centrifuge with power law fluid. The influence of the consistency coefficient of power law fluid and the flow index on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is studied. The influence of the consistency of power law fluid on the flow field of centrifuge and the viscosity of Newton fluid on the inner flow field are found. The effect of the sex is similar, and the influence of the flow index on the flow field of the centrifuge fully reflects the shear dilution of the pseudoplastic flow pattern of the power law fluid. A N-S equation is established to describe the flow of power law fluid in the rotary drum of the drilling fluid centrifuge, and the method of calculating the velocity distribution of the power law fluid in the drum is proposed. The expression of interference settling velocity of particles in power law fluid in centrifugal force field is obtained by the force of solid particles in the drum. The calculation method of the efficiency and separation efficiency of drilling fluid centrifuge with power law fluid as medium is put forward by combining with the particle settlement model of drilling fluid centrifuge. The method for the first time reveals the rheological parameters of power law fluid and centrifuge. The relationship between structural parameters, operating parameters and separation performance. The energy consumption mechanism caused by the internal fluid of the centrifuge drum is analyzed, and the dimensionless expression of energy consumption is derived. The software for predicting the separation performance of drilling fluid centrifuges for different rheological fluids is developed. The goal is to use large quantity, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption as the goal. The software for optimizing operation parameters of drilling fluid centrifuge has been made. The above two softwares closely combine theoretical research with engineering practice, and have strong practical guiding significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE92
本文編號(hào)：2144854
[Abstract]:As a separation machine, the performance of drilling fluid centrifuge is closely related to the properties of the separation medium, and because of the complex internal structure, the centrifuge has been facing the problem of backward theoretical research, the lack of basic theory and the guidance of quantitative research results in the process of production and application; the principle of work doomed the centrifuge to "deal with the amount" of the centrifuge, "high" In the face of the above problems, the flow field of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is studied in this paper. The flow law and separation mechanism of Newton fluid and non Newton fluid in centrifuge are discussed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical research. The influence of different parameters on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is analyzed. The solid particle sedimentation model of drilling fluid centrifuge is proposed. The separation efficiency calculation method of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is obtained. The operation parameters of centrifuge are optimized with the objective of large amount of processing, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, and the analysis of the centrifuge operation parameters is made. The main research contents are as follows: in view of the structure characteristics of the drilling fluid centrifuge, the numerical simulation model of the centrifuge flow field is established, which takes the shape of the cloth mouth, the rotating speed difference of the spiral feeder and the solid liquid separation of the multi particle particle, and proves the feasibility of the method by comparison with the experimental data. The influence law of the rotational speed difference on the parameters of the flow field is analyzed. The analysis foundation is provided for the theoretical study of the centrifuge flow field of the Newton fluid for the subsequent separation medium. On the basis of the characteristics of the solid and liquid two phase flow, the separation of the centrifuge from the initial settlement position is put forward on the basis of the characteristics of the fluid two phase flow and the working principle of the drilling fluid centrifuge. The effect of the drilling fluid centrifuge solid particle settlement model is analyzed. The flow process of the drilling fluid from different shape cloth entrance to the free liquid surface of the drum is analyzed. The calculation method of the initial settlement position of the centrifuge is put forward. The theoretical basis is provided for the separation performance calculation of the centrifuge for different rheological fluids. The calculation expression of the circumferential velocity of the liquid phase, the axial velocity and the settling velocity of the solid phase are given. Finally, the calculation method for the capture efficiency and separation efficiency of the drilling fluid centrifuge for the separation medium is Newton fluid. This method reveals the relation between the parameters of the Newton fluid, the structural parameters of the centrifuge, the relation between the parameters of the centrifuge and the separation performance. Fluid, the centrifuge centrifuge numerical simulation analysis model is established when the separation medium is non Newton fluid, and the centrifuge separation experiment is carried out to verify the correctness and accuracy of the method. The flow characteristics of power law fluid and Newton fluid in centrifuge are compared and studied. The velocity field, solid volume distribution, shear rate and viscosity are analyzed. The distribution law of the turbulence intensity and so on in centrifuge is established. It lays the foundation for the theoretical study of the centrifugal drum flow field of the centrifuge with power law fluid. The influence of the consistency coefficient of power law fluid and the flow index on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is studied. The influence of the consistency of power law fluid on the flow field of centrifuge and the viscosity of Newton fluid on the inner flow field are found. The effect of the sex is similar, and the influence of the flow index on the flow field of the centrifuge fully reflects the shear dilution of the pseudoplastic flow pattern of the power law fluid. A N-S equation is established to describe the flow of power law fluid in the rotary drum of the drilling fluid centrifuge, and the method of calculating the velocity distribution of the power law fluid in the drum is proposed. The expression of interference settling velocity of particles in power law fluid in centrifugal force field is obtained by the force of solid particles in the drum. The calculation method of the efficiency and separation efficiency of drilling fluid centrifuge with power law fluid as medium is put forward by combining with the particle settlement model of drilling fluid centrifuge. The method for the first time reveals the rheological parameters of power law fluid and centrifuge. The relationship between structural parameters, operating parameters and separation performance. The energy consumption mechanism caused by the internal fluid of the centrifuge drum is analyzed, and the dimensionless expression of energy consumption is derived. The software for predicting the separation performance of drilling fluid centrifuges for different rheological fluids is developed. The goal is to use large quantity, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption as the goal. The software for optimizing operation parameters of drilling fluid centrifuge has been made. The above two softwares closely combine theoretical research with engineering practice, and have strong practical guiding significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE92
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