本文選題：飛云樓　切入點(diǎn)：古建筑評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：古木樓閣是中國(guó)古代園林建筑的重要組成部分,飛云樓屬國(guó)家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)對(duì)象,是中國(guó)古木樓閣的杰出代表作,同時(shí)也是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦某菔サ?據(jù)記載曾在五百年以前遭毀壞后重建。歷經(jīng)多個(gè)朝代的修修補(bǔ)補(bǔ),其表現(xiàn)形式上具備了多個(gè)王朝的建筑風(fēng)格。近些年來,由于日常維護(hù)不足及管理不善,飛云樓構(gòu)件殘損與劣化等現(xiàn)象日益加劇,使得結(jié)構(gòu)主體嚴(yán)重傾斜,瀕臨倒塌。在國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金委(編號(hào):51278324及51338001)的基金資助下,本文通過研究飛云樓的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造,對(duì)飛云樓的柱造方式進(jìn)行了剖析,結(jié)合已有科研成果分析了飛云樓原有結(jié)構(gòu)木材的材性變化。完善了古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)殘損點(diǎn)的評(píng)定方法,并對(duì)飛云樓的構(gòu)件和建筑整體性能進(jìn)行了全方位的評(píng)價(jià),解釋了構(gòu)件和結(jié)構(gòu)主體的損傷成因。對(duì)近代修繕工作中采用的修復(fù)措施和所取得的成效進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。最后對(duì)飛云樓的周邊環(huán)境進(jìn)行了調(diào)查分析,提出相應(yīng)了的周邊環(huán)境整治建議。主要研究成果如下:(1)對(duì)飛云樓及院落布局的歷史變遷、現(xiàn)狀格局進(jìn)行闡述,對(duì)飛云樓的結(jié)構(gòu)形式從屋面形式、斗h1構(gòu)造及柱造方式進(jìn)行詳細(xì)剖析,從內(nèi)外圈構(gòu)架分析連接方式和上下層構(gòu)架連接方式的角度闡釋飛云樓纏柱造的構(gòu)建方式。(2)對(duì)古木材材性變化的機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,提出了飛云樓古木材物理力學(xué)性能指標(biāo)建議值及相關(guān)調(diào)整系數(shù)。對(duì)飛云樓構(gòu)件表層腐蝕情況進(jìn)行了測(cè)定,分類統(tǒng)計(jì)了構(gòu)件表層腐蝕深度。(3)對(duì)古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)殘損點(diǎn)評(píng)估界限進(jìn)行探討,主要從承重木柱、承重梁枋、結(jié)構(gòu)整體變形三大方面入手,對(duì)相關(guān)規(guī)范和其它研究成果中評(píng)定殘損界限點(diǎn)的適用條件提出建議,并提出應(yīng)增加的評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容。對(duì)飛云樓中柱礎(chǔ)石、木柱、梁枋、斗h1、樓屋面及其它附屬構(gòu)件的損傷特征和分布規(guī)律及損傷類型進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),對(duì)主要承重構(gòu)件的變形特征進(jìn)行研究分析。提出可用于評(píng)價(jià)大變形梁枋變形嚴(yán)重程度指標(biāo):撓度殘損點(diǎn)超越倍率,并用此指標(biāo)對(duì)大變形構(gòu)件的類型細(xì)化。提出了研究古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)主體變形的評(píng)價(jià)方法。同時(shí)提出了主要承重結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件殘損等級(jí)總體評(píng)價(jià)的方法。以飛云樓為例,從柱礎(chǔ)到屋面、從構(gòu)件到結(jié)構(gòu)整體、從危險(xiǎn)構(gòu)件到薄弱層、從損傷特征到破壞規(guī)律進(jìn)行了全面分析評(píng)價(jià),并對(duì)主要承重構(gòu)件各殘損等級(jí)的數(shù)量進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。(4)利用有限元分析軟件SAP2000對(duì)飛云樓進(jìn)行有限元模擬分析,提出利用縫單元、摩擦擺隔振單元解決古木結(jié)構(gòu)中模擬柱底、疊梁受力特殊性的方法。對(duì)飛云樓自重進(jìn)行計(jì)算,得出飛云樓的自振周期,對(duì)木柱構(gòu)件的受力情況進(jìn)行分析,利用層間位移角評(píng)定了飛云樓主體結(jié)構(gòu)損傷等級(jí),得出飛云樓在最不利荷載組合工況整體結(jié)構(gòu)的損壞程度。(5)對(duì)飛云樓的歷史修繕及現(xiàn)代加固修繕過程進(jìn)行了研究,對(duì)現(xiàn)代修繕的成果予以評(píng)價(jià)。(6)研究萬榮東岳廟歷史演變過程,從文物建筑、院落格局、附屬文物三方面著手研究飛云樓所處東岳廟的文物本體。對(duì)萬榮東岳廟明、清兩代的歷史格局進(jìn)行研究并對(duì)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了比較,對(duì)萬榮東岳廟內(nèi)院落格局現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行評(píng)估分析。調(diào)研萬榮東岳廟的周邊環(huán)境,從自然因素和人為因素兩方面入手分析周邊環(huán)境對(duì)古建筑可能產(chǎn)生的不利影響。研究飛云樓及周邊的文物保護(hù)治理規(guī)劃和文物保護(hù)區(qū)域規(guī)劃,指出周邊環(huán)境亟需完善的治理措施,提出周邊環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)措施建議。
[Abstract]:The ancient wooden pavilion is an important part of China ancient landscape architecture, Feiyun floor is a national key cultural relics protection object, is an outstanding representative of ancient wood China Pavilion, but also the local residents of the places of worship, according to the record in five hundred years ago was destroyed after reconstruction. After several dynasties of tinkering, the form with the a plurality of Dynasty architectural style. In recent years, due to lack of maintenance and management, Feiyun floor damage of components and deterioration such as increasing phenomenon, makes the main body of the structure seriously inclined, on the verge of collapse. In the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 51278324 and 51338001) of the fund, the structure of Feiyun floor, on the floor of the Feiyunjiang column made mode are analyzed, combined with the existing research results of material change the original structure of Feiyun floor wood. Improve the wood structure of ancient buildings damaged points Evaluation methods and elements and construction of the overall performance of Feiyun floor has made a comprehensive evaluation, explained the causes of damage and structure. The main component of modern repair repair measures used in work and achievements were evaluated. Finally the Feiyun floor surrounding environment for the investigation and analysis of the surrounding environment the corresponding improvement suggestions. The main research results are as follows: (1) the historical changes of Feiyun floor and courtyard layout, the present pattern of elaborate structure on Feiyun floor from roof forms, H1 bucket structure and column made way for detailed analysis, analysis of connection mode and the upper and lower frame connection perspective Feiyun floor from the inner and outer ring frame wrapped columns made the construction. (2) to study the mechanism of the ancient wood material change, put forward Feiyun floor indexes of physical and mechanical properties of wood and related ancient value adjustment factor on the fly. Cloud floor component surface corrosion was measured, classification and statistics of the component surface corrosion depth. (3) the ancient wooden building damage assessment limits are discussed, mainly from the load-bearing wooden pillars, bearing Liang Fang, the deformation of the whole structure three aspects, put forward suggestions on the applicable conditions of damage assessment and other research related specification limit the results of the evaluation, and puts forward the content should be increased. The Feiyun floor column base, wooden bucket, Liang Fang, H1, building roof and other ancillary component damage characteristics and distribution rule and damage types are summarized, the research and analysis of the deformation characteristics of the main load-bearing components. This can be used for the evaluation of large deformation Liang Fang deformation severity index: deflection point beyond the damage rate, and refine the types of the large deformation component of this index is proposed. The evaluation method of study on the subject of ancient timber structure deformation at the same time put forward the main Method to load-bearing member damage grade. In the overall evaluation of Feiyun floor as an example, from the base to the roof, from the component to the overall structure, to the weak layer from the dangerous elements, from damage characteristics to the failure law conducted a comprehensive analysis and evaluation, and the number of the main load-bearing members of the damaged grade were analyzed. (4) for finite element analysis of Feiyun floor using finite element analysis software SAP2000, the joint unit, friction pendulum isolation unit is simulated by solving the ancient wooden structure in the bottom of the column, special laminated beams method. For the weight of Feiyun floor is calculated, the natural vibration period of Feiyun floor, analyzed the stress situation the wooden component, the interlayer displacement angle assessment of the damage level of Feiyun floor of the main structure, the extent of damage in Feiyun floor the most unfavorable load conditions of the whole structure. (5) the history of Feiyun floor repair and reinforcement of modern repair Repair process was studied on modern repair be evaluated. (6) study on the evolution process of Wanrong Dongyue Temple history, from the historic building, courtyard, the affiliated cultural relics three aspects of cultural relics of the body Feiyun floor of Wanrong Dongyue Temple Dongyue Temple of Ming and Qing two generations of the history and pattern of the present situation of the pattern of comparison, the status quo of Wanrong Dongyue Temple courtyard falls were analyzed. Research Rongdong million Temple surrounding environment, from the two aspects of natural factors and human factors analysis of the adverse effects of surrounding environment on the ancient buildings. The possible research and the surrounding Feiyun floor cultural relics protection and cultural relics protection planning management of regional planning, pointed out that the surrounding to perfect the environmental governance measures, proposed the surrounding environmental monitoring measures.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU-87

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