發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-09 11:24

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：城市軌道交通市域線快慢車開行方案優(yōu)化研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城市軌道交通 市域線 快慢車運(yùn)營 越行 列車開行方案 列車時(shí)刻表 遺傳算法

【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn)及人口的快速增長,城市建成區(qū)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,道路交通擁擠進(jìn)一步加劇。城市軌道交通準(zhǔn)時(shí)性好、能力大、安全性高,已成為我國各城市緩解交通擁堵、引導(dǎo)城市發(fā)展的重要手段。在城市軌道交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,市域線承擔(dān)著城市市域范圍內(nèi)中心和郊區(qū)間的交通連接任務(wù);由于線路長,客流不均衡性更加顯著�？炻囀浅鞘熊壍澜煌ㄊ杏蚓�常用的列車運(yùn)行組織形式,從客流與線路條件出發(fā)研究快慢車組織技術(shù)在市域線的合理應(yīng)用,有利于促進(jìn)運(yùn)能與出行需求的有效匹配,降低企業(yè)運(yùn)營成本,提升出行服務(wù)質(zhì)量。本文在既有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,以市域線快慢車運(yùn)輸組織技術(shù)為對象,分析了國內(nèi)外城市軌道交通線路快慢車的運(yùn)營實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),研究了快慢車運(yùn)營組織對不同乘客出行行為的影響;建立了無越行均衡發(fā)車、無越行非均衡發(fā)車和考慮越行的三種快慢車運(yùn)營模式下的列車開行方案優(yōu)化模型,其中均衡發(fā)車時(shí)快慢車在始發(fā)站的發(fā)車間隔相同,非均衡發(fā)車時(shí)快慢車在始發(fā)站的發(fā)車間隔可以不同。通過案例分析,研究了不同快慢車運(yùn)營模式的客流適用性范圍和運(yùn)營組織可行性。主要研究工作及結(jié)論如下:(1)基于乘客出行起訖點(diǎn)分類,分析了快慢車運(yùn)營對不同群體出行行為的影響因素。建立了以乘客出行感知時(shí)間、車底購置費(fèi)用和車公里費(fèi)用最小為目標(biāo),以快慢車發(fā)車頻率、快車跨站位置為決策變量的無越行、均衡發(fā)車的市域線快慢車開行方案優(yōu)化模型。該模型考慮了線路通過能力、法定發(fā)車頻率、列車滿載率等約束,可定量分析快慢車運(yùn)營組織下的乘客服務(wù)水平和企業(yè)成本。研究結(jié)果表明:快車的開行可誘導(dǎo)部分非直達(dá)乘客選擇快車換乘慢車;發(fā)車頻率為16列/h時(shí),快慢車方案下的快車旅行速度較非快慢車方案提高5.0%,乘客出行時(shí)間降低1.6%,車底購置費(fèi)用減少2.4%。這說明快慢車運(yùn)營提高了乘客服務(wù)水平和企業(yè)效益。(2)在均衡發(fā)車的快慢車開行方案模型基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建了無越行、非均衡發(fā)車下市域線快慢車開行方案優(yōu)化模型,該模型以快慢車發(fā)車頻率、快車跨站位置和始發(fā)間隔為決策變量,并設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳求解算法。案例結(jié)果表明:停站方案相同條件下,當(dāng)發(fā)車頻率由20列/h減少到16列/h時(shí),車底購置費(fèi)用、車公里費(fèi)用均減少20.0%,乘客出行感知時(shí)間增加4.0%;這說明適當(dāng)減少發(fā)車頻率可在服務(wù)水平不顯著下降情況下顯著降低企業(yè)成本。發(fā)車頻率為16列/h條件下,與均衡發(fā)車模式相比較,非均衡發(fā)車模式的快車最大跨站數(shù)量可提高為2,快車旅行速度可提高5.0%;候車時(shí)間雖有所增加,但在車時(shí)間減少,綜合作用下乘客出行感知時(shí)間可降低2.2%,車底購置費(fèi)用節(jié)省2.4%。這說明非均衡發(fā)車可提高乘客服務(wù)水平和企業(yè)效益。(3)以快慢車發(fā)車頻率、快車跨站位置、始發(fā)間隔和快車越行位置為決策變量,構(gòu)建了有越行模式下的市域線快慢車開行方案優(yōu)化模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳求解算法。案例結(jié)果表明:發(fā)車頻率為16列/h條件下,與無越行模式相比較,有越行模式的快車跨站數(shù)量可提高為4,快車旅行速度可提高11.7%,乘客出行感知時(shí)間降低1.7%,車公里費(fèi)用不變,車底購置費(fèi)用略微提高0.8%。因此,越行可在企業(yè)成本提升較小的情況下提高了乘客服務(wù)水平。(4)分析了無越行均衡發(fā)車、無越行非均衡發(fā)車、考慮越行的三種快慢車運(yùn)營模式以及非快慢車模式的客流適用范圍,得到了不同運(yùn)營模式的客流適用性。結(jié)果表明:本文案例條件下,當(dāng)客流減少超過10%、發(fā)車頻率小于16列/h時(shí),無越行非均衡快慢車方案更優(yōu);當(dāng)客流減少10%以內(nèi)或增加20%以內(nèi)、發(fā)車頻率為16～22列/h時(shí),有越行快慢車方案更優(yōu);當(dāng)客流增加超過20%、發(fā)車頻率大于22列/h時(shí),非快慢車模式更優(yōu)。(5)研究了快慢車不同運(yùn)營模式對線路最大發(fā)車頻率的要求,分析了三種快慢車運(yùn)營模式應(yīng)用時(shí)的技術(shù)可行性。案例結(jié)果表明:無越行條件下,由均衡發(fā)車變化為非均衡發(fā)車,開行快慢車的臨界條件由發(fā)車頻率不大于16列/h變化為20列/h;由無越行條件變化為有越行條件,開行快慢車的臨界條件由發(fā)車頻率不大于20列/h變化為26列/h。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of population and promote the process of the city, the city built-up area continues to expand the scale of road traffic congestion intensified. City rail traffic punctuality, large capacity, high security, has become the city of our country to ease traffic congestion, an important means to guide the development of the city. The City Rail Transit Network in the city. Bear the domain line within the domain of the city center and suburb of city traffic connection tasks; due to the long lines, traffic imbalance is more significant. The speed of the car is the city urban rail transit line common train operation organization form of reasonable application of fast car organization technology in the city line from the passenger flow and line conditions, is conducive to the promotion of effective matching capacity and travel demand, reduce operating costs, improve the quality of travel service. Based on the existing research results, to the city line fast car transport organization. As the object, analyzed the domestic and foreign city rail transit line fast idle operation experience, study the effect of fast slow operation of different passenger travel behavior; set up for more balanced start, no more for the non balanced departure and consider three speed operation mode is under the train plan optimization the model, which balanced the start speed in the originating station interval, unbalanced start speed in the originating station interval can be different. Through case analysis, studied the applicability and scope of passenger operation organization feasibility fast car operation mode. The main research work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the passenger travel the start point and end point based classification, analyzes the factors that influence the operation speed for different groups of travel behavior for passengers. The sensing time vehicle purchase costs and expenses for the purpose of the small car kilometers Standard, fast idle frequency, no more for Express - the decision variable of location, the city line balanced start fast car operation scheme optimization model. The model considers the line capacity, statutory departure frequency, train load ratio constraints, the quantitative analysis of car speed operation organization under the passenger service level and the cost of the enterprises. The results show that: the express train can induce some non direct express train passengers transfer; departure frequency is 16 /h, the speed of the car for express train travel speed than the non speed scheme is increased by 5%, passenger travel time reduced by 1.6%, reduce the purchase cost of car 2.4%. speed increased passenger operations the level of service and efficiency of the enterprises. (2) in a fast car train departure equilibrium scheme based on the model, further build a more free, non balanced grid under the city line speed operation scheme optimization model, In this model, fast car departure frequency, express cross site location and interval originating as decision variables, and the genetic algorithm. The results show that the design of case stop scheme under the same conditions, when the frequency is reduced from 20 /h to 16 /h when the column column, the acquisition cost of the vehicle, the car costs are reduced by 20% km, passenger travel perception time increased by 4%; the frequency can be appropriate to reduce the level of service is not significantly decreased significantly reduce the cost of enterprise. Under the condition of frequency is 16 /h conditions, compared with the equilibrium departure mode, the number of the largest non balanced cross site Express departure mode can be increased to 2, the express train travel speed can be increased to 5%; the waiting time is the increase in the car, but time is reduced, under the comprehensive action of the passenger travel time perception can be reduced by 2.2%, indicating that the purchase cost savings of 2.4%. under unbalanced grid can improve the service level and benefit of enterprises (3). With the fast train departure frequency, express cross site location, departure interval and express the position as the decision variable, to build a more for the city line model optimization operation scheme of vehicle speed, and the genetic algorithm is designed. The case results show that the frequency of 16 /h conditions, compared with no more rows model number, express more cross site line mode could be increased to 4, the express train travel speed can be increased to 11.7%, the passenger travel time perception is reduced by 1.7%, vehicle kilometer costs the same, vehicle purchase cost slightly increased 0.8%. therefore, more rows can be promoted in the enterprise cost under the condition of small improved passenger service level (4). The analysis of the more balanced for departure, no more for the unbalanced grid, taking into account the line three speed operation mode and speed mode non passenger flow scope, passenger applicability of different operation modes are obtained. The results show that: in this case Cases of conditions, when the flow is reduced by more than 10%, departure frequency is less than 16 /h, no more for the non balanced fast car scheme better; when the passenger less than 10% decrease or increase of less than 20%, departure frequency is 16 ~ 22 /h, there is a better solution for fast car; when the passenger traffic increased by more than 20% the departure frequency is greater than 22 /h, the non fast car model is superior. (5) studied the different operation modes of the car speed line maximum frequency, analyzed three kinds of speed operation mode application technology feasibility. The results show that there is no more the case for the equilibrium conditions, changes to the unbalanced grid start by opening the critical condition of vehicle speed frequency is less than 16 /h changes for the 20 column /h; by no more conditions for the change of conditions, the critical condition of vehicle speed by train departure frequency is less than 20 /h for 26 /h. change column

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U292

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