【摘要】：我國(guó)是水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的大國(guó),并且我國(guó)內(nèi)部湖泊河流分布廣泛,我國(guó)海域面積也十分遼闊,因此水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物種類(lèi)繁多,本研究主要解決廢棄河蚌殼的資源化利用這一難題。貝類(lèi)水產(chǎn)大多被加工為食品,在加工過(guò)程中貝殼多被廢棄,沒(méi)有進(jìn)行合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用,這不僅給我們生活的環(huán)境造成巨大的壓力,同時(shí)也浪費(fèi)了貝殼中富含的的生物鈣和氨基酸。本論文主要將廢棄河蚌殼中的氨基酸進(jìn)行有效分離提純,并將廢棄河蚌殼以不同的比例作為硅橡膠的補(bǔ)強(qiáng)填料加入硅橡膠,改善硅橡膠的性能,節(jié)約常規(guī)補(bǔ)強(qiáng)填料的用量,同時(shí)對(duì)資源實(shí)施有效利用。通過(guò)改進(jìn)堿提酸沉的方法提取廢棄河蚌殼中的蛋白質(zhì),然后將蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行水解,得到氨基酸。利用紫外吸收、凱氏定氮和氨基酸自動(dòng)分析儀進(jìn)行分析測(cè)試。通過(guò)結(jié)果分析可知,河蚌殼蛋白的最佳提取工藝條件為:料液比是1:40、提取液的pH值為11、提取溫度是50℃、提取時(shí)間是4 h,廢棄河蚌殼中總蛋白的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為3.01%,廢棄河蚌殼中共含有十六種氨基酸,八種人體必需氨基酸中,河蚌殼中含有六種。這不僅對(duì)環(huán)境起到了保護(hù)作用,也對(duì)資源進(jìn)行了充分合理地利用,在生物科技和食品領(lǐng)域具有潛在價(jià)值。通過(guò)改進(jìn)高溫硫化硅橡膠的制備方法,提高室溫硫化硅橡膠的性能指標(biāo),將河蚌殼粉與氣相白炭黑和沉淀白炭黑按一定比例混合,作為高溫硫化硅橡膠的補(bǔ)強(qiáng)填料,改善硅橡膠的性能指標(biāo)。通過(guò)對(duì)硅橡膠的外觀(guān)、硬度、拉伸強(qiáng)度、扯斷強(qiáng)度(MPa)、熱失重等分析項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行分析測(cè)試。通過(guò)結(jié)果分析可知,加入一定比例河蚌殼粉的硅橡膠的硬度、拉伸強(qiáng)度、扯斷強(qiáng)度(MPa)和熱失重等均有不同程度的提高。不僅節(jié)約了白炭黑的使用量和硅橡膠制備的成本,更對(duì)水產(chǎn)廢棄資源進(jìn)行了有效利用,以及對(duì)環(huán)境的保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:China is a large country of aquaculture, and the lake rivers are widely distributed in our country, and the sea area of our country is also very vast, so there are many kinds of aquatic animals. This study mainly solves the problem of resource utilization of abandoned river clam shell. Shellfish are mostly processed as food, and the shells are often abandoned during the processing process, which not only causes great pressure to our living environment, but also wastes the rich biological calcium and amino acids in the shells. In this paper, the amino acids in the waste river shell were effectively separated and purified, and the waste river shell was added as the reinforcing filler of silicone rubber in different proportion. The performance of silicone rubber was improved and the amount of conventional reinforcing filler was saved. At the same time, the implementation of effective use of resources. The protein was extracted from the abandoned river clam shell by the improved alkali extraction and acid precipitation method, and then the protein was hydrolyzed to obtain amino acid. UV absorption, Kjeldahl nitrogen and amino acid automatic analyzer were used to analyze and test. The results show that the optimum extraction conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 40, the pH value of the extract is 11, and the extraction temperature is 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2275610