【摘要】：我國(guó)是危險(xiǎn)貨物的生產(chǎn)和運(yùn)輸大國(guó),95%以上的危險(xiǎn)品涉及異地運(yùn)輸,大量的化工原料和產(chǎn)品需要通過各種運(yùn)輸方式分發(fā)至全國(guó)各地,考慮到基建投資、運(yùn)載量、運(yùn)輸成本,水路運(yùn)輸成為眾多運(yùn)輸方式中的不二選擇。危險(xiǎn)品的水路運(yùn)輸,對(duì)企業(yè)、船舶都具有相應(yīng)的載運(yùn)要求,而危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品由于其自身具有易燃、易爆、腐蝕性等危險(xiǎn)特性,一旦水路運(yùn)輸?shù)奈ｋU(xiǎn)品發(fā)生事故,經(jīng)濟(jì)損失更加嚴(yán)重,社會(huì)影響極大。因此,水運(yùn)業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸安全成為各方關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)。本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行理論綜述及回顧,通過對(duì)危險(xiǎn)品相關(guān)概念的界定和國(guó)內(nèi)危險(xiǎn)品水運(yùn)現(xiàn)狀的分析,在危險(xiǎn)品水路運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)相關(guān)理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上引入舟山港區(qū)典型事故案例分析;隨后,結(jié)合對(duì)轄區(qū)事故特點(diǎn)及成因的分析,確定了影響水路運(yùn)輸安全的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素;接著對(duì)各個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)方法進(jìn)行比較,選取Fuzzy-AHP法,以舟山A企業(yè)航運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)路線為研究對(duì)象,結(jié)合運(yùn)輸過程中的對(duì)企業(yè)實(shí)際情況的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查和搜集,從人、設(shè)備、危險(xiǎn)品、環(huán)境和管理五個(gè)方面建立評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,根據(jù)AHP法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重并進(jìn)行計(jì)算;最后構(gòu)建模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型,對(duì)該企業(yè)危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià),發(fā)現(xiàn)存在問題,并提出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施以指導(dǎo)企業(yè)規(guī)避危險(xiǎn)品水路運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and transportation of dangerous goods. More than 95% of the dangerous goods are transported in different places. A large number of chemical raw materials and products need to be distributed to all parts of the country through various modes of transportation, taking into account the investment in infrastructure, the quantity of transportation, and the cost of transportation. Waterway transportation has become one of the most important modes of transportation. The waterway transportation of dangerous goods has corresponding requirements for enterprises and ships. However, because of its flammable, explosive, corrosive and other dangerous characteristics of dangerous chemicals, once accidents occur in dangerous goods transported by water, Economic loss is more serious, social impact is great. Therefore, the transport safety of dangerous goods in the waterway industry has become the focus of attention. Firstly, this paper reviews the theory of dangerous goods transportation risk at home and abroad, through the definition of dangerous goods related concepts and the analysis of the current situation of dangerous goods transportation by water in China. On the basis of theoretical research on risk assessment of dangerous goods transportation by waterway, this paper introduces the case study of typical accidents in Zhoushan Port area, and then, combined with the analysis of the characteristics and causes of accidents in the area of jurisdiction, determines the risk factors that affect the safety of waterway transportation. Then compare the risk assessment methods, select Fuzzy-AHP method, take the shipping business route of Zhoushan A enterprise as the research object, combine the data investigation and collection of the actual situation of the enterprise during the transportation process, from people, equipment, dangerous goods, The evaluation index system is established in five aspects of environment and management, and the index weight is determined and calculated according to AHP method. Finally, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to evaluate the risk of dangerous goods transportation in this enterprise, and some problems are found. Risk control measures are put forward to guide enterprises to avoid the risk of dangerous goods transportation by water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U492.81

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