【摘要】：我國是危險貨物的生產(chǎn)和運輸大國,95%以上的危險品涉及異地運輸,大量的化工原料和產(chǎn)品需要通過各種運輸方式分發(fā)至全國各地,考慮到基建投資、運載量、運輸成本,水路運輸成為眾多運輸方式中的不二選擇。危險品的水路運輸,對企業(yè)、船舶都具有相應的載運要求,而危險化學品由于其自身具有易燃、易爆、腐蝕性等危險特性,一旦水路運輸?shù)奈ｋU品發(fā)生事故,經(jīng)濟損失更加嚴重,社會影響極大。因此,水運業(yè)的危險品運輸安全成為各方關注焦點。本文首先對國內(nèi)外關于危險品運輸風險進行理論綜述及回顧,通過對危險品相關概念的界定和國內(nèi)危險品水運現(xiàn)狀的分析,在危險品水路運輸風險評價相關理論研究的基礎上引入舟山港區(qū)典型事故案例分析;隨后,結合對轄區(qū)事故特點及成因的分析,確定了影響水路運輸安全的風險因素;接著對各個風險評價方法進行比較,選取Fuzzy-AHP法,以舟山A企業(yè)航運業(yè)務路線為研究對象,結合運輸過程中的對企業(yè)實際情況的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查和搜集,從人、設備、危險品、環(huán)境和管理五個方面建立評價指標體系,根據(jù)AHP法確定指標權重并進行計算;最后構建模糊綜合評價模型,對該企業(yè)危險品運輸風險進行風險評價,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在問題,并提出風險控制措施以指導企業(yè)規(guī)避危險品水路運輸風險。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and transportation of dangerous goods. More than 95% of the dangerous goods are transported in different places. A large number of chemical raw materials and products need to be distributed to all parts of the country through various modes of transportation, taking into account the investment in infrastructure, the quantity of transportation, and the cost of transportation. Waterway transportation has become one of the most important modes of transportation. The waterway transportation of dangerous goods has corresponding requirements for enterprises and ships. However, because of its flammable, explosive, corrosive and other dangerous characteristics of dangerous chemicals, once accidents occur in dangerous goods transported by water, Economic loss is more serious, social impact is great. Therefore, the transport safety of dangerous goods in the waterway industry has become the focus of attention. Firstly, this paper reviews the theory of dangerous goods transportation risk at home and abroad, through the definition of dangerous goods related concepts and the analysis of the current situation of dangerous goods transportation by water in China. On the basis of theoretical research on risk assessment of dangerous goods transportation by waterway, this paper introduces the case study of typical accidents in Zhoushan Port area, and then, combined with the analysis of the characteristics and causes of accidents in the area of jurisdiction, determines the risk factors that affect the safety of waterway transportation. Then compare the risk assessment methods, select Fuzzy-AHP method, take the shipping business route of Zhoushan A enterprise as the research object, combine the data investigation and collection of the actual situation of the enterprise during the transportation process, from people, equipment, dangerous goods, The evaluation index system is established in five aspects of environment and management, and the index weight is determined and calculated according to AHP method. Finally, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to evaluate the risk of dangerous goods transportation in this enterprise, and some problems are found. Risk control measures are put forward to guide enterprises to avoid the risk of dangerous goods transportation by water.
【學位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U492.81

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