【摘要】：磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)是基于地磁場(chǎng)作用下鐵磁材料的力磁效應(yīng),該技術(shù)不僅能夠檢測(cè)鐵磁材料的宏觀裂紋,而且還能對(duì)材料應(yīng)力集中區(qū)域進(jìn)行早期判斷,能夠預(yù)防突發(fā)性的災(zāi)難發(fā)生,是一種新型的無損檢測(cè)方法。目前,磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)主要研究的是,對(duì)鐵磁材料構(gòu)件是否存在宏觀裂紋或者應(yīng)力集中而進(jìn)行的試驗(yàn)研究和探索性應(yīng)用上,而對(duì)于熱處理方面的研究較少。本文首先結(jié)合金屬磁記憶的相關(guān)理論,以有限元分析和拉伸試驗(yàn)為研究手段,探索鐵磁材料的力磁效應(yīng),最后將金屬磁記憶技術(shù)應(yīng)用到對(duì)鐵磁材料熱處理后的質(zhì)量及性能評(píng)價(jià)上,這對(duì)于推動(dòng)金屬磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)在工程上的應(yīng)用具有重要的意義。以Q235鋼為研究對(duì)象,通過對(duì)不同缺口特征(V形缺口,半圓形缺口,雙關(guān)聯(lián)缺口)的試件進(jìn)行了靜載拉伸試驗(yàn),同時(shí)對(duì)雙關(guān)聯(lián)試件進(jìn)行了有限元仿真分析,觀察其應(yīng)力分布,探討在地磁場(chǎng)環(huán)境下試件內(nèi)部應(yīng)力對(duì)磁記憶信號(hào)的影響,并將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。結(jié)果表明:從拉伸曲線上可知,三種缺口試件均發(fā)生了缺口強(qiáng)化現(xiàn)象,V形缺口試件缺口強(qiáng)化現(xiàn)象比半圓形缺口試件明顯,而雙關(guān)聯(lián)缺口試件的缺口強(qiáng)化現(xiàn)象最為明顯。從磁記憶曲線上可知,隨著載荷的增加,不同缺口試件的磁記憶信號(hào)曲線變化規(guī)律一致,均在應(yīng)力集中處發(fā)生了非線性的變化,且V形缺口處的磁記憶信號(hào)變化幅度大于半圓形缺口。雙關(guān)聯(lián)缺口中心處的磁場(chǎng)值近似于相對(duì)稱兩固定點(diǎn)磁場(chǎng)值的疊加,也近似為單個(gè)缺口試件在對(duì)應(yīng)位置處磁場(chǎng)值的疊加,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果具有一致性。仿真結(jié)果還表明,從應(yīng)力分布云圖上可以看出,V形缺口應(yīng)力集中程度比半圓形缺口大,且在雙關(guān)聯(lián)缺口中心處也出現(xiàn)了應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,而在試件中間應(yīng)力集中部位法向分量漏磁場(chǎng)Hp(y)梯度值k(y)并沒有達(dá)到最大,此時(shí)用漏磁場(chǎng)法向分量的梯度值對(duì)其應(yīng)力集中程度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)不再適用。以45鋼為研究對(duì)象,分別將試件進(jìn)行了不同淬火方式(淬火溫度、冷卻介質(zhì))和不同回火方式(回火溫度)的熱處理試驗(yàn),繼而進(jìn)行了靜載拉伸試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:磁記憶信號(hào)(35)B值隨淬火溫度的增大而降低,隨冷卻速度的增大而減小,隨回火溫度的增大而增大,即可以根據(jù)磁記憶信號(hào)特征(35)B值的大小,對(duì)淬火參數(shù)(淬火溫度和淬火冷卻速度)以及回火參數(shù)(回火溫度)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)磁記憶信號(hào)特征(35)B值,建立了鐵磁材料熱處理后力學(xué)性能參數(shù)與磁記憶信號(hào)之間的關(guān)系,(35)B值越小,其抗拉強(qiáng)度越大,伸長(zhǎng)率越小。根據(jù)拉伸過程中有序拉應(yīng)力作用下磁記憶信號(hào)曲線梯度的變化特征,可以對(duì)經(jīng)過不同淬火方式和不同回火方式熱處理的試件進(jìn)行熱處理質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),也可以對(duì)其受力狀態(tài)以及損傷程度進(jìn)行有效評(píng)估。
[Abstract]:The magnetic memory detection technique is based on the magnetic effect of ferromagnetic material under the action of geomagnetic field. This technique can not only detect the macroscopic crack of ferromagnetic material, but also make early judgement on the stress concentration area of material. It is a new nondestructive testing method that can prevent sudden disaster. At present, the main research of magnetic memory detection technology is whether there are macroscopic cracks or stress concentration in ferromagnetic materials, but less on heat treatment. In this paper, based on the theory of metal magnetic memory, finite element analysis and tensile test are used to study the magnetic and mechanical effects of ferromagnetic materials. Finally, the metal magnetic memory technology is applied to evaluate the quality and performance of ferromagnetic materials after heat treatment, which is of great significance to promote the application of metal magnetic memory detection technology in engineering. Taking Q235 steel as the research object, the static load tensile tests were carried out on specimens with different notched characteristics (V-shaped notches, semi-circular notches, double-correlated notches). At the same time, the finite element simulation analysis was carried out to observe the stress distribution of the double-correlated specimens. The effect of internal stress on magnetic memory signal in geomagnetic field is discussed, and the experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The results show that: from the tensile curves, the three notched specimens have notched strengthening phenomenon. The notched strengthening phenomenon of V-shaped notched specimens is more obvious than that of semi-circular notched specimens, while the notched strengthening phenomenon of double-correlated notched specimens is the most obvious. From the magnetic memory curve, it can be seen that with the increase of load, the variation of magnetic memory signal curve of different notched specimens is the same, and the nonlinear changes have taken place at the stress concentration. The variation of magnetic memory signal at V-shaped notch is larger than that of semi-circular notch. The magnetic field value at the center of the double correlation notch is similar to the superposition of the magnetic field value of the two fixed points of phase symmetry and the magnetic field value of the single notched specimen at the corresponding position. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. The simulation results also show that the stress concentration of V-shaped notches is larger than that of semicircular notches, and the stress concentration is also observed at the center of double-correlated notches. However, the Hp (y) gradient value of the normal magnetic field of the normal component is not the maximum at the middle stress concentration part of the specimen, so it is no longer applicable to evaluate the degree of the stress concentration by using the gradient value of the normal component of the magnetic field leakage. Taking 45 steel as the research object, heat treatment tests of different quenching methods (quenching temperature, cooling medium) and different tempering methods (tempering temperature) were carried out respectively, and then static load tensile tests were carried out. The results show that the (35) B value of magnetic memory signal decreases with the increase of quenching temperature, decreases with the increase of cooling rate, and increases with the increase of tempering temperature. The quenching parameters (quenching temperature and quenching rate) and tempering parameters (tempering temperature) were evaluated. According to the characteristic of magnetic memory signal (35) B, the relationship between the mechanical properties of ferromagnetic material after heat treatment and the magnetic memory signal is established. The smaller the value of (35) B is, the greater the tensile strength is and the smaller the elongation is. According to the variation characteristics of magnetic memory signal curve gradient under the action of ordered tensile stress during the tensile process, the heat treatment quality of the specimen treated by different quenching and tempering methods can be evaluated. The stress state and damage degree can also be evaluated effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG142.15;TG161

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 宮建國(guó);溫建鋒;軒福貞;;蠕變-疲勞載荷下高溫結(jié)構(gòu)的缺口效應(yīng)研究進(jìn)展[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2015年24期

2 龍飛飛;王建锃;高果柱;王瓊;李偉;;磁記憶對(duì)45號(hào)鋼回火效果及力學(xué)性能的評(píng)估[J];材料熱處理學(xué)報(bào);2014年S1期

3 耿榮生;景鵬;;蓬勃發(fā)展的我國(guó)無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2013年22期

4 劉志云;任尚坤;楊雅玲;李一;;45鋼中心裂紋試件疲勞損傷的磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)研究[J];起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械;2013年04期

5 劉英強(qiáng);劉坤;唐秀清;;無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)在壓力容器中的應(yīng)用[J];內(nèi)蒙古石油化工;2013年06期

6 Li-Hong Dong;Bin-Shi Xu;Nan Xue;Hui-Peng Wang;Hao-Yu Li;;Development of remaining life prediction of crankshaft remanufacturing core[J];Advances in Manufacturing;2013年01期

7 姚凱;王正道;鄧博;丁克勤;;金屬磁記憶技術(shù)的數(shù)值研究[J];工程力學(xué);2011年09期

8 羅龍清;鞠偉;于潤(rùn)橋;王少軍;;金屬磁記憶技術(shù)用于去應(yīng)力退火評(píng)估的可行性研究[J];科技創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)報(bào);2011年13期

9 李新蕾;任吉林;任尚坤;陳曦;付任珍;;鐵磁構(gòu)件殘余壽命評(píng)估方法[J];航空學(xué)報(bào);2010年10期

10 邢海燕;樊久銘;王日新;徐敏強(qiáng);張嘉鐘;;早期損傷臨界應(yīng)力狀態(tài)磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)[J];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 冷建成;基于磁記憶技術(shù)的鐵磁性材料早期損傷診斷方法研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

2 邢海燕;基于磁記憶技術(shù)的疲勞損傷評(píng)估及壽命預(yù)測(cè)[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 王建锃;基于磁記憶的2Cr13試樣熱處理質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];東北石油大學(xué);2015年

2 徐帆;金屬磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用[D];浙江大學(xué);2013年

3 付任珍;金屬磁記憶檢測(cè)技術(shù)及疲勞評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];南昌航空大學(xué);2011年

4 李新蕾;金屬磁記憶檢測(cè)機(jī)理的試驗(yàn)研究與有限元仿真[D];南昌航空大學(xué);2010年

5 徐明秀;基于磁記憶技術(shù)的鐵磁性材料旋轉(zhuǎn)彎曲疲勞損傷診斷研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

6 路勝卓;磁記憶用于材料熱處理質(zhì)量評(píng)估的方法研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：2241298