【摘要】：移動(dòng)床生物膜反應(yīng)器(Moving bed biofilm reactor,MBBR)是在生物濾池和流化床的工藝基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的一種水處理新技術(shù)。它有效吸取了傳統(tǒng)活性污泥法及傳統(tǒng)生物膜法的優(yōu)點(diǎn),是一種新型高效的復(fù)合污水處理工藝。MBBR對(duì)污水處理效果的優(yōu)劣,關(guān)鍵是看懸浮填料表面生物膜的數(shù)量與活性。本研究采用MBBR工藝對(duì)西南科技大學(xué)生活污水(COD_(cr):228~806mg/L,NH_4~+-N:21.49~59.63 mg/L,TN:38.81~77.54 mg/L,p H:6.01~7.84)進(jìn)行處理,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)掛膜啟動(dòng)條件、優(yōu)化懸浮填料的填充率、篩選懸浮填料并進(jìn)行組合的方式增強(qiáng)反應(yīng)池內(nèi)微生物的總含量,提高污水處理效果。主要得出以下研究結(jié)論:曝氣量和水力停留時(shí)間(HRT)是影響掛膜啟動(dòng)的重要因素。隨著曝氣量的增加和HRT的延長(zhǎng),MBBR對(duì)COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N的去除率都是先增加后減小。當(dāng)曝氣量為5 L/min時(shí)污染物去除率最高,掛膜完成后COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N的去除率分別可達(dá)91.1%和95.17%。當(dāng)HRT為8 h和10 h時(shí),掛膜時(shí)污染物的去除效果相近,且高于HRT為6 h和12 h。綜合實(shí)際因素確定HRT最佳值為8 h,此條件下COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N的去除率分別可達(dá)89.27%和92.18%。填充率對(duì)MBBR污水處理效果有著顯著的影響。隨著填充率的增加,聚乙烯填料和聚氨酯填料對(duì)污染物的去除效果都是顯著提升后有所下降,綜合考慮確定懸浮填料最佳填充率為30%。此時(shí)聚乙烯填料對(duì)COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N及TN去除率分別可達(dá)94.12%,97.45%,72.15%,出水濃度分別為38 mg/L,1.32 mg/L,17.51 mg/L;聚氨酯填料對(duì)COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N及TN去除率分別可達(dá)93.81%,97.41%,70.98%,出水濃度分別為40 mg/L,1.34 mg/L,18.25 mg/L。不同懸浮填料對(duì)MBBR污水處理的效果不同。APG懸浮填料對(duì)COD_(cr)、NH_4~+-N、TN的去除效果最好,其次為聚乙烯白,聚乙烯黑,最后為聚氨酯懸浮填料。掛膜過(guò)程中,APG懸浮填料對(duì)污染物的去除效果始終高于其他3種懸浮填料;聚氨酯懸浮填料在掛膜初期對(duì)污染物的去除效果高于2種聚乙烯填料,但最終去除效果比2種聚乙烯填料低。懸浮填料的組合投加可以有效提升MBBR的污水處理效果。APG+聚乙烯白懸浮填料組合投加時(shí)對(duì)COD_(cr)的最終去除率比APG懸浮填料和聚乙烯白懸浮填料單獨(dú)投加時(shí)對(duì)COD_(cr)的去除率分別高6.41%和14.6%,對(duì)NH_4~+-N的最終去除率比APG懸浮填料和聚乙烯白懸浮填料單獨(dú)投加時(shí)對(duì)NH_4~+-N的去除率分別高8.49%和17.19%,對(duì)TN的最終去除率比APG懸浮填料和聚乙烯白懸浮填料單獨(dú)投加時(shí)對(duì)TN的去除率分別高4.4%和10.37%。APG+聚乙烯白懸浮填料以1:1的比例組合投加后,在第21天時(shí)掛膜量就達(dá)到了5.37 mg/g,超過(guò)了同期APG(4.16 mg/g)和聚乙烯填料(2.78 mg/g)單獨(dú)投加時(shí)的掛膜量。從第21天到27天,APG+聚乙烯白組合填料生物膜量?jī)H提高了4.47%,而聚乙烯白和APG填料掛膜量分別提升了26.26%和17.31%�？梢哉J(rèn)為第21天組合填料已經(jīng)基本完成了掛膜。因此,懸浮填料的組合投加可以縮短掛膜時(shí)間。
[Abstract]:Moving bed biofilm reactor (Moving bed biofilm reactor,MBBR) is a new water treatment technology developed on the basis of biofilter and fluidized bed. It effectively absorbs the advantages of the traditional activated sludge process and the traditional biofilm process. It is a new and efficient composite wastewater treatment process. The key is to determine the quantity and activity of the biofilm on the surface of suspended filler. In this study, the MBBR process was used to treat the domestic sewage of Southwest University of Science and Technology (COD_ (cr): 2286mg / L). The filling rate of suspended fillers was optimized by adjusting the start-up conditions of the suspensions. The total microbial content in the reactor was enhanced by screening and combining the suspended fillers, and the sewage treatment effect was improved. The main conclusions are as follows: aeration rate and HRT (HRT) are the important factors affecting the start-up of the film. With the increase of aeration rate and the prolongation of HRT, the removal rate of NH4 ~ -N of COD_ (cr) increased first and then decreased. When the aeration rate is 5 L/min, the removal rate of pollutants is the highest, and the removal rate of NH4- N of COD_ (cr) can reach 91.1% and 95.17%, respectively. When HRT was 8 h and 10 h, the removal efficiency of pollutants was similar and higher than that of HRT at 6 h and 12 h. The optimum value of HRT is 8 h, and the removal rate of NH4 ~ -N of COD_ (cr) can reach 89.27% and 92.18% respectively. Filling rate has a significant effect on MBBR wastewater treatment. With the increase of filling ratio, the removal effect of polyethylene and polyurethane fillers on pollutants decreased after significant improvement, and the optimum filling ratio of suspension filler was determined to be 30%. At this time, the removal rates of COD_ (cr) NH4- N and TN by polyethylene filler can reach 94.12 ~ -97.45 and 97.45% respectively. The effluent concentration is 38 mg/L,1.32 mg/L,17.51 mg/L; polyurethane filler to remove COD_ (cr) NH4- N and TN respectively up to 93.81%, 97.41% and 70.98%, respectively. The effluent concentration is 40 mg/L,1.34 mg/L,18.25 mg/L., respectively. The effects of different suspensions on MBBR wastewater treatment were different. APG suspensions had the best removal effect on COD_ (cr) NH4- NTN, followed by polyethylene white, polyethylene black and polyurethane suspensions. The pollutant removal efficiency of APG suspensions was always higher than that of the other three suspensions, and that of polyurethane suspensions was higher than that of two kinds of polyethylene fillers. However, the final removal efficiency was lower than that of two polyethylene fillers. The final removal rate of COD_ (cr) is higher than that of APG suspensions and polyethylene white suspensions compared with that of APG suspensions and polyethylene white suspensions alone. The final removal rate of NH_4~ -N was 8.49% and 17.19% higher than that of APG suspending filler and polyethylene white suspending filler, respectively. The final removal rate of TN was higher than that of APG suspending filler and polyethylene white suspension filler. The removal rate of TN was increased by 4.4% when the filler was added alone, and the 10.37%.APG polyethylene white suspension filler was added in the proportion of 1:1. On the 21st day, the amount of film hanging reached 5.37 mg/g, which was higher than that of APG (4.16 mg/g) and polyethylene filler (2.78 mg/g). From day 21 to day 27, the biofilm amount of polyethylene white filler increased only by 4.47%, while that of polyethylene white filler and APG filler increased by 26.26% and 17.31%, respectively. It can be considered that on the 21 st day the composite packing has basically completed the hanging film. Therefore, the combination of suspending fillers can shorten the time of film suspension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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