【摘要】：集多功能于一體的PTFE微孔膜防水透濕層壓織物在防護服領(lǐng)域具有明顯的優(yōu)勢,受到了廣大消費者的青睞,一直以來都是人們研究的熱點。本文首先采用高溫處理法對PTFE膜進行改性與優(yōu)選,制得具有較強疏水性和黏附性的PTFE膜,解決了其疏水性和黏附性不能兼得的難題;接著,對高密滌綸織物進行不同溫度的壓光處理并進行性能測試與優(yōu)選;最后,將PTFE膜與高密滌綸織物進行復(fù)合制得層壓織物,對復(fù)合工藝進行了優(yōu)化,并對相關(guān)的性能進行了測試與分析,主要探討了高溫改性對PTFE膜黏附性的影響及熱壓工藝對最終織物性能的影響,這可為以后層壓織物的設(shè)計開發(fā)工作提供理論依據(jù)和合理化建議。主要內(nèi)容與結(jié)論如下:PTFE微孔膜經(jīng)過高溫改性后,浸潤性和黏附性發(fā)生了顯著的變化。使用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、原子力顯微鏡(AFM)和示差掃描量熱儀(DSC)對改性前后PTFE膜的形貌結(jié)構(gòu)、粗糙度和結(jié)晶度進行測試表征,借助光學(xué)視頻接觸角測量儀和DCAT 21表/界面張力儀研究了PTFE膜表面的浸潤性和黏附性。結(jié)果表明,隨溫度的升高,接觸角呈遞增的趨勢,黏附性亦有相同的規(guī)律;結(jié)晶度和表面粗糙度隨著改性溫度的升高而減小。對PTFE膜進行初步的篩選,把改性溫度260℃、320℃和380℃的膜作為層壓織物的里層。對高密滌綸織物進行不同溫度的壓光處理,得到12種不同織物。借助電腦式織物透濕儀、織物滲水性測定儀和自制滾動角測量儀等,對上述織物進行了測試與表征,研究了定型與壓光溫度對高密織物潤濕、黏附性的影響。結(jié)果表明,接觸角隨著定型溫度與壓光溫度的升高有先增大后減小的趨向。以接觸角、黏附力、透濕性和耐水壓等作為參考指標進行優(yōu)選,在定型溫度150℃、壓光溫度180℃的工藝條件下制備的高密滌綸織物為最佳選擇。另外,通過對織物進行不同溫度的收縮整理,來進一步研究孔徑對潤濕、黏附性的影響。將較優(yōu)的PTFE膜與高密滌綸織物進行復(fù)合制得層壓織物,通過剝離強力的測試來確定最優(yōu)的改性PTFE膜�？刂撇煌纳夏z量、熱壓溫度、熱壓壓力等參數(shù)來探究層壓工藝對制品性能的影響,進而對工藝進行了優(yōu)化,并探討了黏附性和層壓工藝的聯(lián)系。結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過260℃的高溫改性后的PTFE膜是層壓織物的最佳選擇;熱壓溫度100℃、熱壓壓力0.3 MPa及上膠量31.8 g/m2是制備PTFE膜復(fù)合織物的最優(yōu)層壓工藝;材料黏附性越強,粘結(jié)得越牢固,在粘結(jié)牢度相同的情況下,可以使用更少的上膠量,這樣就會較少地堵塞制品內(nèi)部的空隙,有利于透濕功能的實現(xiàn),并且最終織物的手感、懸垂性更加優(yōu)異。在最優(yōu)條件下制得的PTFE層壓織物具有優(yōu)異的防水透濕性能,透濕量達5108g/(m2·24h),同時具有良好的手感和懸垂性,適用于功能防護服裝領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:The PTFE microporous membrane waterproof and moisture permeable laminated fabric with multi-function has obvious advantages in the field of protective clothing and has been favored by the majority of consumers and has always been a hot research topic. In this paper, the PTFE membrane was modified and selected by high temperature treatment, and the PTFE film with strong hydrophobicity and adhesion was prepared, which solved the problem that the hydrophobicity and adhesion could not be obtained simultaneously. The high density polyester fabric was treated with calendering at different temperatures, and the properties were tested and selected. Finally, the laminated fabric was prepared by combining PTFE film with high density polyester fabric, and the composite process was optimized. The influence of high temperature modification on the adhesion of PTFE film and the effect of hot pressing on the final fabric properties were discussed. This can provide theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions for the design and development of laminated fabrics. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: after high temperature modification, the wettability and adhesion of PTFE microporous membrane have changed significantly. Scanning electron microscope (SEM),) atomic force microscope (AFM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were used to characterize the morphology, roughness and crystallinity of PTFE films. The wettability and adhesion of PTFE film surface were studied by means of optical video contact angle measuring instrument and DCAT 21 meter / interfacial tension meter. The results show that the contact angle increases with the increase of temperature and the adhesion is the same, and the crystallinity and surface roughness decrease with the increase of temperature. The PTFE film was selected as the inner layer of the laminated fabric at 260 鈩，

本文編號：2142481