【摘要】：黃秋葵在我國(guó)深受廣大消費(fèi)者青睞,種植廣泛,資源豐富。本研究以黃秋葵為對(duì)象,優(yōu)化了黃秋葵多糖的提取工藝,并對(duì)粗多糖進(jìn)行了分離純化,較系統(tǒng)的研究了純化后多糖組分的理化性質(zhì)、部分結(jié)構(gòu)特性以及抗疲勞生物活性,主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)運(yùn)用響應(yīng)面法優(yōu)化了黃秋葵多糖的提取工藝,確定了黃秋葵多糖的最佳提取工藝條件為:提取時(shí)間2.75 h、提取溫度90℃、料液比1:10、pH 2.1。在此最佳條件下,黃秋葵多糖的得率為29.77%。將提取所得的粗多糖通過(guò)DEAE Cellulose-52離子交換柱層析進(jìn)行了分離純化,得到由蒸餾水洗脫所得的AEP-1和由0.3mol/L NaCl溶液洗脫所得的AEP-2兩種多糖組分。(2)黃秋葵多糖AEP-1為白色絮狀固體,AEP-2為淡黃色固體,均易溶于水,不溶于高濃度的乙醇等有機(jī)溶劑;不含有淀粉類、酚類物質(zhì),幾乎不含蛋白質(zhì)與核酸,而糖醛酸含量較高。紅外光譜的結(jié)果確定二者都是具有吡喃結(jié)構(gòu)的多糖類物質(zhì);HPLC分析表明AEP-1與AEP-2都是相對(duì)均一的多糖組分,AEP-1的分子量為5×103 Da左右,AEP-2的分子量為2×106 Da左右;AEP-1主要由6種單糖組成:甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖和阿拉伯糖,其比例為1.0∶0.9∶3.5∶3.5∶11.7∶1.0;AEP-2主要由5種單糖組成:甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖和半乳糖,其比例為1.0∶8.0∶3.2∶1.2∶15.0。(3)采用甲基化與GC-MS儀器分析相結(jié)合的方法,初步分析了兩種組分的連接方式:AEP-1中檢出8種殘基,分別為:T-Glcp1→,→4-Glcp1→,→3-Galp1→,→6-Glcp1→,→4-Galp1→,→2,4-Manp1→,→2-Araf1→和→2,4-Rhap1→;AEP-2中檢出8種殘基,分別為:→3,6-Galp1→,→2-Rhap1→,T-Galp1→,TGlcp1→,→6-Glcp1→,→4-Galp1→,→2,4-Manp1→和→2,4-Rhap1→。(4)通過(guò)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了黃秋葵多糖的抗疲勞活性:黃秋葵多糖對(duì)小鼠的體重?zé)o顯著影響;黃秋葵多糖能顯著增加小鼠的負(fù)重游泳時(shí)間(8.1-148.2%),降低運(yùn)動(dòng)后小鼠的血乳酸(12.9%-40.0%)及血清尿素氮含量(6.6%-24.5%),提高其肝糖原含量(25.6%-102.4%),且與劑量之間存在顯著的相關(guān)性。綜合比較所以動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,AEP-1的抗疲勞活性強(qiáng)于AEP-2,顯著強(qiáng)于粗多糖;AEP-1和AEP-2可能是黃秋葵多糖中的主要抗疲勞物質(zhì),AEP-1抗疲勞作用更強(qiáng)的原因可能是分子量小有利于機(jī)體吸收或在機(jī)體內(nèi)發(fā)生作用,糖醛酸類成分對(duì)抗疲勞功能中有明顯作用。
[Abstract]:Sunflower is favored by consumers in our country. It is widely planted and rich in resources. In this study, the extraction process of polysaccharides from Okra was optimized, and the crude polysaccharides were separated and purified. The physicochemical properties, structural properties and anti-fatigue biological activities of the purified polysaccharides were systematically studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the extraction process of the polysaccharides was optimized by response surface method, and the optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction time 2.75 h, extraction temperature 90 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2141624