本文選題：氧化石墨烯 + 尺寸分離�。� 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨烯是碳原子以六邊形緊密堆積形成的二維原子晶體,具有特殊的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì),在工業(yè)催化、儲能器件和生物醫(yī)學(xué)等諸多領(lǐng)域均展現(xiàn)出巨大的應(yīng)用潛能。將石墨烯組裝成穩(wěn)定的、具有規(guī)則形狀的宏觀體材料是推動石墨烯走向?qū)嶋H應(yīng)用的重要步驟,而氧化石墨烯作為石墨烯宏觀材料的前驅(qū)體是其研究的重點(diǎn)。本論文以目數(shù)不同的鱗片石墨為原料,基于氧化石墨烯片層在酸性溶液中分散性的差異,分離得到尺寸、濃度可控的氧化石墨烯溶液,以其為前驅(qū)體,實(shí)現(xiàn)了三維石墨烯在不同尺度上的可控制備;考察了三維石墨烯的結(jié)構(gòu)、催化性質(zhì)和機(jī)械性能,建立氧化石墨烯的微觀片層尺寸與三維石墨烯的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)和性質(zhì)的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。主要研究成果如下:1、可控片層氧化石墨烯的制備及其片層尺寸與三維石墨烯結(jié)構(gòu)和催化性能的關(guān)系研究采用目數(shù)不同的鱗片石墨作為原料,以低速離心的方法分離制備獲得大、中、小三種片層尺寸的氧化石墨烯溶液。研究了氧化石墨烯片層尺寸對溶液的分散程度、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和堆疊行為的影響。通過對三種片層氧化石墨烯氣凝膠的SEM、XRD、Raman等表征可以看出較大片層的氧化石墨烯氣凝膠有孔狀結(jié)構(gòu),片層間距較大。以三種片層氧化石墨烯溶液為前驅(qū)體制備了三維石墨烯材料,研究了氧化石墨烯片層尺寸對其比表面積、微觀孔結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。數(shù)據(jù)表明,氧化石墨烯片層越大,三維石墨烯的比表面積,孔徑,體積隨之增大。以具有大比表面積的三維石墨烯作為載體負(fù)載金屬鉑納米顆粒制備新型復(fù)合催化劑,以經(jīng)典的對硝基苯酚的還原反應(yīng)作為測試催化劑活性的模型反應(yīng)。從金屬負(fù)載量與金屬負(fù)載顆粒尺寸兩個方面研究氧化石墨烯片層尺寸對復(fù)合催化劑活性的影響。結(jié)果表明,氧化石墨烯片層越小,含氧基團(tuán)數(shù)目越多,金屬的實(shí)際負(fù)載量越大,粒徑分布越窄,催化性能越好。2、可控片層氧化石墨烯液晶態(tài)的制備及其有序性與三維石墨烯結(jié)構(gòu)和機(jī)械性能的關(guān)系研究結(jié)合第一部分的研究內(nèi)容,將制備分離得到的小、中和大片氧化石墨烯溶液做進(jìn)一步處理,發(fā)揮其相應(yīng)的片層優(yōu)勢。以片層均勻的中片和大片氧化石墨烯為前體,制備了低濃度向列型液晶態(tài)氧化石墨烯,采用化學(xué)還原方法,將其轉(zhuǎn)化為三維石墨烯宏觀材料。液晶態(tài)氧化石墨烯溶液的片層取向轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿S石墨烯海綿有序的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),通過大尺寸氧化石墨烯片層液晶態(tài)的有序排列優(yōu)化三維石墨烯的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)性能。得到擁有大范圍有序網(wǎng)絡(luò)孔結(jié)構(gòu)的彈性三維石墨烯海綿。將氧化石墨烯片層尺寸與三維石墨烯微觀結(jié)構(gòu)有序性相聯(lián)系,用以研究三維石墨烯海綿微觀結(jié)構(gòu)與機(jī)械性能的關(guān)系。得出結(jié)論,氧化石墨烯溶液中片層排列越有序,相應(yīng)的氣凝膠中孔結(jié)構(gòu)越整齊,還原后的三維石墨烯的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)范圍愈大,其機(jī)械性能越好。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal formed by hexagonal compact stacking of carbon atoms. It has special physical and chemical properties and has shown great application potential in many fields such as industrial catalysis energy storage devices biomedicine and so on. Assembling graphene into stable and regular macrobulk materials is an important step to promote the practical application of graphene, and graphene oxide as the precursor of graphene macroscopical material is the focus of its research. In this paper, graphene oxide solution with controllable size and concentration was obtained by using flake graphite with different mesh number as raw material, based on the dispersion of graphene oxide in acid solution. The controllable preparation of 3D graphene at different scales was realized, the structure, catalytic properties and mechanical properties of 3D graphene were investigated, and the corresponding relationship between the microlamellar size of graphene oxide and the macroscopic structure and properties of 3D graphene was established. The main research results are as follows: 1. The preparation of controllable graphene oxide and the relationship between its lamellar size and the structure and catalytic performance of three-dimensional graphene. The scale graphite with different mesh number was used as raw material, and the separation and preparation of graphene by low speed centrifugation was carried out. Three small lamellar sizes of graphene oxide solution. The effects of the size of graphene oxide on the dispersion, microstructure and stacking behavior of the solution were studied. Through the characterization of the three lamellar graphene oxide aerogels, we can see that the larger lamellar graphene oxide aerogels have pore structure and larger lamellar spacing. Three dimensional graphene materials were prepared by using three kinds of graphene oxide solution as precursors. The effect of the size of graphene oxide lamellar on the specific surface area and microstructure of graphene oxide was studied. The results show that the larger the graphene oxide lamellar, the larger the surface area, pore size and volume of 3D graphene. A new type of composite catalyst was prepared by using three-dimensional graphene with large specific surface area as the carrier supported on platinum nanoparticles. The classical reduction reaction of p-nitrophenol was used as the model reaction to test the activity of the catalyst. The effect of graphene oxide lamellar size on the activity of the composite catalyst was studied from the aspects of metal loading and metal supported particle size. The results show that the smaller the graphene oxide lamellae, the more the number of oxygen groups, the larger the actual load of metal and the narrower the particle size distribution. The better the catalytic activity is, the better the preparation of liquid crystal state of controllable lamellar graphene oxide and the relationship between its orderliness and the structure and mechanical properties of three-dimensional graphene are combined with the research contents of the first part, the preparation and separation of the liquid crystal state of graphene oxide are small. Neutralize a large amount of graphene oxide solution for further treatment, giving play to its corresponding lamellar advantages. Low concentration nematic liquid crystalline graphene oxide was prepared by chemical reduction method. The lamellar orientation of liquid crystalline graphene oxide solution changed to the ordered microstructure of three-dimensional graphene sponge. The network structure and mechanical properties of three-dimensional graphene oxide were optimized by the ordered arrangement of liquid crystal state of large size graphene oxide lamellar. An elastic three dimensional graphene sponge with a wide range of ordered network pore structures was obtained. In order to study the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D graphene sponge, the size of graphene oxide lamellar is related to the order of three-dimensional graphene microstructure. It is concluded that the more ordered the lamellar arrangement in graphene oxide solution, the more neat the pore structure of the aerogel is, and the larger the network structure of the reduced three dimensional graphene is, the better its mechanical properties are.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O613.71

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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