本文選題：惰性氣氛 + 熱處理�。� 參考：《武漢紡織大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：羊毛纖維作為歷史悠久的天然纖維之一,由于其良好的保暖性能、柔軟的手感以及獨特的風格深人們的喜愛。然而由于羊毛纖維特有的鱗片結(jié)構(gòu),使得染色只能在高溫沸煮的條件下進行。傳統(tǒng)的染色方式不僅會對羊毛纖維的手感、鮮艷度及強力造成破壞,而且也會對環(huán)境造成污染、能源造成浪費。因此研究羊毛高效無水染色方法具有重要意義。目前已有不少關(guān)于羊毛新型染色的報告及成果,但許多新型技術(shù)對設備的要求過高,生產(chǎn)流程過于復雜,以及不能從根本上解決羊毛染色過程對環(huán)境造成的污染。而惰性氣氛熱處理纖維顯色的研究慢慢得到人們地重視,不僅可以賦予材料新的顏色,而且不會對環(huán)境造成污染,染色方式更加高效節(jié)能。因此,使用惰性氣氛熱處理實現(xiàn)羊毛顯色是較好的發(fā)展方向。本文主要研究了在氮氣氣氛下熱誘導羊毛纖維的色譜行為及性能影響。采用K/S值和紫外-可見吸收光譜分析了熱處理溫度、時間與處理后纖維顏色間的規(guī)律;采用掃描電鏡觀察了纖維處理前后微觀表面變化;采用X射線光電子能譜、紅外光譜、廣角X射線衍射分析了熱處理對羊毛微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明:羊毛纖維的K/S值會隨著熱處理溫度、時間的增加而增加;熱處理后的羊毛纖維表面仍保有較完整的鱗片結(jié)構(gòu);由于受到熱處理的影響羊毛纖維的結(jié)構(gòu)和二硫鍵會受到部分破壞,當經(jīng)歷200oC、8h的熱處理,纖維結(jié)晶度降低2.64%;纖維的強力會隨著熱處理的溫度、時間的增加而降低,當溫度低于200oC時,強力保持率可以高達90%;羊毛纖維的自然回潮率會隨著溫度的增加經(jīng)歷先減小、后增加的過程。本文也研究了氮氣氣氛熱處理對羊毛紗的顯色行為及性能影響。采用K/S值和Lab值分析了熱處理溫度、時間與處理后纖維顏色間的規(guī)律;采用掃描電鏡觀察了紗線處理前后微觀表面變化;采用紗線毛羽系數(shù)和數(shù)字顯微鏡揭示處理后紗線毛羽變化情況。結(jié)果表明:羊毛紗線的K/S值會隨著熱處理溫度、時間的增加而增加;熱處理后的羊毛紗表面仍保有較完整的鱗片結(jié)構(gòu)并且線捻度沒有明顯變化,說明紗線的宏觀和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)都未遭到破壞;經(jīng)熱處理后的羊毛紗線毛羽有所降低,在經(jīng)歷220oC、30min的熱處理,紗線3mm及以上毛羽(S3)降低34%;經(jīng)熱處理后的紗線強力及耐磨性均會降低,將時間控制在20分鐘以內(nèi)、溫度低于220oC時,紗線的斷裂強力仍能保持原樣的82%;處理后的紗線自然回潮率會隨著溫度和時間的增加而降低。同時本文通過研究不同惰性氣氛(氮氣、氬氣)熱處理在羊毛織物顯色整理上的應用及性能影響。采用K/S值分析了熱處理溫度、時間與處理后纖維顏色間的規(guī)律;采用抗彎剛度、折皺回復角、接觸角及拉伸斷裂強力測試,分析了織物處理前后機械性能變化;采用耐皂洗色牢度與耐光照色牢度,對比了與傳統(tǒng)酸性染料間的差異性。結(jié)果表明:在氮氣或氬氣氣氛熱處理的羊毛織物的K/S值會隨著熱處理溫度、時間的增加而增加,并且相同條件下氬氣下的試樣K/S小于氮氣下的;織物的抗彎剛度和折皺回復性能均有所提高,并且與熱處理溫度和時間成正相關(guān),在相同條件下氬氣下的試樣抗彎剛度較小而折皺回復角較大;處理后的羊毛織物接觸角會隨著溫度的增加經(jīng)歷先減小后增加的變化;羊毛織物的強力會隨著氣氛熱處理溫度及時間的增加而降低,并且在氮氣或者氬氣作為保護氣氛熱處理溫度低于2000C時處理后的羊毛織物強力均高于80%;由氮氣氣氛熱處理顯色的羊毛織物與傳統(tǒng)染料嫩黃2g染色的羊毛織物,其在耐皂洗和耐光照方面性能更佳。
[Abstract]:As one of the long history natural fibers, wool fiber is deeply loved by people because of its good warmth retention, soft feel and unique style. However, the special scale structure of wool fiber makes the dyeing only under the condition of boiling at high temperature. Degree and strength cause damage, and it will cause pollution to the environment and waste of energy. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the efficient method of dyeing wool with high efficiency and anhydrous dyeing. There are many reports and results about new wool dyeing, but many new technologies have too high requirements on equipment, the production process is too complex and can not be fundamentally solved. The environmental pollution caused by the dyeing process of wool is determined, and the research on the color rendering of the inert atmosphere heat treatment fiber is gradually paid attention to. It can not only give the material a new color, but also do not pollute the environment, and the dyeing method is more efficient and energy saving. Therefore, it is a good direction to use the heat treatment of the inert atmosphere to realize the color of the wool. The effect of heat induced wool fiber in nitrogen atmosphere was studied in this paper. The K/S value and UV visible absorption spectrum were used to analyze the heat treatment temperature and time and the law of fiber color after treatment. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the micro surface changes before and after the treatment of fiber; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy were used. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of wool was analyzed by the wide angle X ray diffraction. The results showed that the K/S value of wool fiber increased with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time; the surface of wool fiber after heat treatment still retained a more complete scale structure; the structure of wool fiber and the two sulfur bond were affected by the effect of heat treatment. Partial destruction, when the heat treatment of 200oC, 8h, the fiber crystallinity decreased by 2.64%, the fiber strength will decrease with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time. When the temperature is lower than 200oC, the strength retention rate can be as high as 90%; the natural return rate of wool fiber will decrease first and then increase with the increase of temperature. This paper also studies the process. The effect of nitrogen atmosphere heat treatment on color behavior and performance of wool yarn was studied. The K/S value and Lab value were used to analyze the heat treatment temperature, time and fiber color after treatment. The micro surface changes before and after the yarn treatment were observed by scanning electron microscope. Yarn hairiness coefficient and digital microscope were used to reveal the change of yarn hairiness after treatment. The results show that the K/S value of wool yarn will increase with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time; the surface of wool yarn after heat treatment still maintains a more complete scale structure and the line twist does not change obviously, indicating that the yarn's macro and micro structure have not been destroyed; the wool yarn hairiness after heat treatment has been reduced to 2. 20oC, 30min heat treatment, yarn 3mm and above Mao Yu (S3) reduced 34%; after heat treatment, the yarn strength and wear resistance will be reduced, the time is controlled within 20 minutes, when the temperature is lower than 220oC, the breaking strength of the yarn can remain 82% of the original sample; the self remoisture rate of the treated yarn will decrease with the increase of temperature and time. In this paper, the effect of different inert atmosphere (nitrogen, argon) heat treatment on color finishing of wool fabric was studied. The law of heat treatment temperature, time and fiber color after treatment were analyzed by K/S value, and the bending stiffness, wrinkle recovery angle, contact angle and tensile strength test were used to analyze the machine before and after the treatment of fabric. The difference between the color fastness of the soaping color and the light color fastness was compared with the traditional acid dyes. The results showed that the K/S value of the wool fabric in the nitrogen or argon atmosphere increased with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time, and the sample under the same bar under argon gas was less than the nitrogen; the fabric was less than the nitrogen. The bending stiffness and wrinkle recovery performance are improved, and it is positively related to the heat treatment temperature and time. Under the same condition, the bending stiffness of the specimen under the same condition is smaller and the wrinkle recovery angle is larger. The contact angle of the wool fabric after treatment will decrease first and then increase with the increase of temperature; the strength of wool fabric will be with the gas. The heat treatment temperature and time decreased, and the wool fabric treated with nitrogen or argon as the protective atmosphere was less than 80% when the heat treatment temperature was lower than 2000C; the wool fabric which was coloured by the nitrogen atmosphere heat treatment and the traditional dyestuff 2G dyed wool fabric had better performance in soaping and light resistance.
【學位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS193.8

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