本文選題：采煤機(jī) + 整機(jī)動力學(xué)�。� 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：采煤機(jī)牽引部行走輪在實(shí)際工作過程中,經(jīng)常會發(fā)生斷齒現(xiàn)象,而行走輪齒的非正常斷裂嚴(yán)重影響采煤機(jī)的正常運(yùn)行和安全。由于行走輪受力情況復(fù)雜,而且實(shí)際工作過程中提取困難,所以行走輪損壞的原因較難確定。為了尋找行走輪經(jīng)常損壞的原因,本文進(jìn)行了正常截割工況和斜切工況下采煤機(jī)整機(jī)動力學(xué)研究,并對行走輪進(jìn)行受力分析。首先,建立采煤機(jī)整機(jī)動力學(xué)模型,基于理論力學(xué)、振動力學(xué),建立采煤機(jī)外部載荷從滾筒傳遞到行走輪處的載荷傳遞方程,測定采煤機(jī)各簡化部分結(jié)構(gòu)、位置參數(shù),求解載荷傳遞方程,并對影響載荷傳遞的因素進(jìn)行分析。其次,基于相似理論,搭建采煤機(jī)滾筒-假煤壁試驗(yàn)臺,進(jìn)行滾筒截割假煤壁試驗(yàn),提取滾筒截割煤壁時滾筒所受三向力和扭矩信號,換算得到實(shí)際滾筒截煤時滾筒處所受載荷;利用LS-DYNA建立采煤機(jī)滾筒和煤巖的有限元模型,進(jìn)行滾筒截割假煤壁仿真研究,獲取滾筒質(zhì)心處所受三向力和轉(zhuǎn)矩;利用前人總結(jié)的采煤機(jī)滾筒截煤時,滾筒受力公式,對采煤機(jī)滾筒所受的三向力進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算;將上述三種方法得到的滾筒截煤載荷進(jìn)行對比分析,選擇試驗(yàn)結(jié)果中的三向力和仿真結(jié)果中的轉(zhuǎn)矩作為外部載荷,施加到采煤機(jī)整機(jī)虛擬樣機(jī)的滾筒質(zhì)心處。利用ADAMS建立采煤機(jī)整機(jī)正常截割工況下虛擬樣機(jī)模型,將滾筒外部載荷施加到ADAMS虛擬樣機(jī)滾筒質(zhì)心處,并使采煤機(jī)虛擬樣機(jī)沿著銷軌進(jìn)行整機(jī)移動。提取在整機(jī)移動過程中,行走輪與銷軌接觸力,分析對比理論方程與仿真結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證仿真結(jié)果的真實(shí)性。發(fā)現(xiàn)在整機(jī)受載條件下,左右側(cè)行走輪與銷排接觸力均值、峰值要比整機(jī)不受載時,高出10%~15%;采煤機(jī)啟動時,右側(cè)行走輪與銷排之間接觸力約為穩(wěn)定行走時的38.99倍,左側(cè)行走輪與銷排之間接觸力也可以達(dá)到13.75倍,為尋找行走輪的損壞原因提供有利線索。然后,對行走輪結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行簡化,對行走輪齒面所受載荷進(jìn)行分析,利用ANSYS進(jìn)行行走輪瞬態(tài)嚙合動力學(xué)分析,結(jié)合行走輪實(shí)際工作中的損壞情況,找到行走輪齒受力與破壞形式之間的關(guān)系。此外,利用ADAMS建立采煤機(jī)整機(jī)斜切進(jìn)刀工況下虛擬樣機(jī)模型,進(jìn)行整機(jī)運(yùn)動學(xué)仿真;提取行走輪與銷軌接觸力、導(dǎo)向滑靴與銷軌接觸力進(jìn)行分析,得到行走輪所受接觸力峰值、均值和導(dǎo)向滑靴接觸力峰值、均值,為之后行走輪破壞形式分析提供載荷依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In the actual working process of the walking wheel of the traction part of the shearer, the phenomenon of tooth breaking often occurs, and the abnormal fracture of the gear teeth of the walking wheel seriously affects the normal operation and safety of the shearer. It is difficult to determine the cause of the damage of the walking wheel because of the complicated force and the difficulty of extracting in the actual working process. In order to find out the cause of the frequent damage of the walking wheel, the dynamics of the shearer under the normal cutting condition and the oblique cutting condition is studied in this paper, and the force on the walking wheel is analyzed. First of all, the dynamic model of shearer is established. Based on theoretical mechanics and vibration dynamics, the load transfer equation of shearer external load from drum to walking wheel is established, and the structure and position parameters of each simplified part of shearer are measured. The load transfer equation is solved and the factors affecting load transfer are analyzed. Secondly, based on the theory of similarity, the paper sets up the test-bed of shearer drum and pseudo coal wall, carries on the test of cutting off false coal wall, and extracts the signal of three direction force and torque of drum when cutting coal wall. The finite element model of drum and coal rock of shearer is established by LS-DYNA, and the simulation study of cutting pseudo-coal wall of drum is carried out to obtain the three-way force and torque of the center of mass of drum. In this paper, the three-way force of the shearer drum is calculated by using the formula of force acting on the drum of the shearer, and the load of the drum is compared and analyzed by the three methods mentioned above, and the results are as follows: (1) when cutting coal from the drum of the shearer, the force formula of the drum is used to calculate the three-way force of the drum. The triaxial force in the test results and the torque in the simulation results are selected as external loads to apply to the roller center of the whole virtual prototype of the shearer. The virtual prototype model of shearer under normal cutting condition is established by Adams. The external load of drum is applied to the center of mass of roller of Adams virtual prototype, and the virtual prototype of shearer moves along the pin rail. The contact force between the walking wheel and the pin rail is extracted during the whole machine movement, and the theoretical equation and the simulation results are analyzed and compared to verify the authenticity of the simulation results. It is found that the peak value of the contact force between the left and the right walking wheel and the pin and discharge is 10 / 15 higher than that when the whole machine is not loaded, and the contact force between the right walking wheel and the pin is 38.99 times that when the shearer is started. The contact force between the left walking wheel and the pin row can also reach 13.75 times, which provides a favorable clue for finding the cause of the damage of the walking wheel. Then, the structure of the walking wheel is simplified, the load on the tooth surface of the walking wheel is analyzed, and the transient meshing dynamics of the walking wheel is analyzed by ANSYS. The relationship between force and failure form of walking gear teeth is found. In addition, the virtual prototype model is established by Adams to simulate the whole machine kinematics, the contact force between the walking wheel and the pin rail is extracted, the contact force between the guide shoe and the pin rail is analyzed, and the peak value of the contact force of the walking wheel is obtained. The mean value and the peak value of the contact force of the guide skid provide the load basis for the analysis of the failure form of the walking wheel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD421.6

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本文編號：2017952