本文選題：回采巷道 + 垂直擠壓型底臌��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：巷道底臌在煤礦井下是一種常見的地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象,也是影響煤礦高效、安全生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵問題之一。嚴(yán)重的底臌會(huì)使巷道斷面大大縮小,通風(fēng)受阻、設(shè)備傾翻、行人無法通行,尤其在軟巖巷道和動(dòng)壓巷道中,底臌現(xiàn)象更加普遍,底臌程度也更加嚴(yán)重。本文針對(duì)義棠煤礦+560m水平10502綜采工作面運(yùn)輸巷發(fā)生的垂直擠壓型底臌現(xiàn)象,采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研、理論分析、室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)及計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)值模擬等方法,對(duì)回采巷道底臌力學(xué)機(jī)理及底臌過程進(jìn)行了深入研究,得出了一些有益結(jié)論:(1)軟巖巷道中發(fā)生底臌的主要影響因素是巷道底板圍巖的結(jié)構(gòu)和巖性。其中,底板巖體的賦存結(jié)構(gòu)決定了巷道底臌的類型;底板巖體的巖性決定了巷道底臌的程度(或者底臌量的大小)。(2)回采巷道不同于一般巷道,底臌具有其獨(dú)特的特征:(1)隨著工作面的推進(jìn),巷道在距工作面一定距離內(nèi)周期性發(fā)生底臌;(2)在開采引起的超前支承壓力作用下,底臌量往往較大,底臌嚴(yán)重;(3)底臌是伴隨著巷道開挖掘進(jìn)到工作面回采整個(gè)過程,底臌是持續(xù)變化的,具有動(dòng)態(tài)性。(3)回采巷道發(fā)生垂直擠壓型底臌的根本原因是超前支承壓力形成的垂直應(yīng)力超過了底板破碎巖體的極限承載力�；谕亮W(xué)中的滑移線場(chǎng)理論,結(jié)合彈塑性力學(xué)中的剛體極限平衡法,得出了底板圍巖的極限承載力,并且預(yù)測(cè)出底臌量的大小。(4)利用數(shù)值模擬軟件Flac3D對(duì)提出的不同底臌控制方案進(jìn)行支護(hù)效果模擬對(duì)比,經(jīng)分析選用底板注漿+底板錨桿的方案對(duì)底臌進(jìn)行控制,注漿可以將底板破碎巖體重新膠結(jié)整合,提高底板巖體的內(nèi)聚力及內(nèi)摩擦角,而底板錨桿即可以形成“銷釘”作用,切斷底板巖體內(nèi)的塑性滑移線,又可以利用錨索調(diào)動(dòng)深部穩(wěn)定圍巖的承載力,可以達(dá)到更好的控制效果。(5)將上述底臌控制方案應(yīng)用于義棠煤礦10502綜采工作面運(yùn)輸巷的底臌治理,并進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè),在實(shí)施2個(gè)月后,試驗(yàn)段從距工作面130m距離至工作面推過監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)為止,最大底臌量為86mm,符合預(yù)期效果,表面控制效果良好,為同類型巷道的底臌治理提供了一些借鑒之處。
[Abstract]:Roadway floor heave is a common geological phenomenon in coal mine, and it is also one of the key problems affecting the high efficiency and safety production of coal mine. Serious floor heave can greatly reduce the section of roadway, block ventilation, overturn equipment, and make pedestrians impassable, especially in soft rock roadway and dynamic pressure roadway, the phenomenon of floor heave is more common and the degree of floor heave is more serious. Aiming at the phenomenon of vertical extrusion floor heave in the transport roadway of 560m level 10502 fully mechanized mining face in Yitang Coal Mine, this paper adopts the methods of field investigation, theoretical analysis, indoor test and computer numerical simulation, etc. The mechanical mechanism of floor heave and the process of floor heave in mining roadway are studied, and some beneficial conclusions are drawn. The main influencing factors of floor heave in soft rock roadway are the structure and lithology of roadway floor surrounding rock. Among them, the occurrence structure of floor rock mass determines the type of floor heave of roadway, and the lithology of floor rock mass determines the degree of floor heave of roadway (or the magnitude of floor heave), which is different from that of general roadway. The floor heave has its unique feature: (1) with the advance of the working face, the floor heave occurs periodically within a certain distance from the working face) under the action of leading support pressure caused by mining, the floor heave is often larger. Floor heave is accompanied by the whole process of roadway excavation to face mining, and the floor heave is continuously changing. The fundamental cause of vertical extrusion floor heave in mining roadway is that the vertical stress formed by leading bearing pressure exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity of broken rock mass. Based on the slip line field theory in soil mechanics and the ultimate equilibrium method of rigid body in elastoplastic mechanics, the ultimate bearing capacity of surrounding rock of bottom plate is obtained. And the magnitude of floor heave is predicted. The numerical simulation software Flac3D is used to simulate and compare the support effect of different floor heave control schemes, and the floor heave is controlled by selecting the floor grouting anchor rod scheme. Grouting can recement the broken rock mass of the floor and improve the cohesion and friction angle of the rock mass, and the anchor rod of the bottom plate can form the action of "pin" and cut off the plastic slip line in the bottom rock. In addition, the anchor cable can be used to mobilize the bearing capacity of deep stable surrounding rock, and better control effect can be achieved. The floor heave control scheme mentioned above can be applied to the floor heave control of 10502 fully-mechanized mining face in Yitang Coal Mine, and long-term field observation is carried out. After 2 months of implementation, the maximum floor heave of the test section is 86mm from 130m away from the working face to the monitoring point of the working face, which is in line with the expected effect, and the surface control effect is good, which provides some references for the treatment of the floor heave of the same type of roadway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD353

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