本文選題：高能輻照 + 玉米淀粉　； 參考：《武漢紡織大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：織造是紡織工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中一個(gè)重要的環(huán)節(jié),經(jīng)紗的上漿又是織造前的一個(gè)極其關(guān)鍵的工序。合成高聚物聚乙烯醇(PVA)因其高分子鏈側(cè)基含有大量的羥基,具有優(yōu)異的粘附性和很好的成膜性和柔性而廣泛地應(yīng)用于經(jīng)紗上漿,但含有PVA上漿的經(jīng)紗織造成坯布后退漿,其廢水中含有很不易生物降解的聚乙烯醇,從而嚴(yán)重的污染了環(huán)境。因此,綠色環(huán)保易生物降解的淀粉基紡織漿料的研究與開發(fā)就成為紡織漿料領(lǐng)域的前沿與熱點(diǎn)。目前淀粉基紡織漿料大多存在耐磨性不足、粘附力不夠、漿膜的脆性較大(即漿膜的拉伸強(qiáng)度不高、斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率較低)等缺點(diǎn),在中、高支純棉紗線、滌棉混紡紗線和純滌紗線等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用仍受到了極大的限制。本文針對(duì)上述不足,首先采用高能輻照對(duì)玉米淀粉進(jìn)行大分子鏈結(jié)構(gòu)的剪切和修飾,研究了輻照劑量對(duì)淀粉結(jié)構(gòu)和分子量的影響規(guī)律;以鈰鹽為引發(fā)劑,研究了引發(fā)劑用量、反應(yīng)溫度和反應(yīng)時(shí)間等因素對(duì)輻照淀粉接枝丙烯酸和醋酸乙烯酯單體的規(guī)律;采用TG、DSC、力學(xué)性能測(cè)試等技術(shù)對(duì)淀粉接枝共聚物的熱學(xué)性能、拉伸強(qiáng)度、斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率等進(jìn)行了研究;最后考察了淀粉基漿料的生物降解性。研究結(jié)果表明,輻照劑量對(duì)玉米淀粉的結(jié)晶結(jié)構(gòu)影響不大,而淀粉最高熱黏度隨著輻照劑量的增加而降低,當(dāng)輻照劑量為40kGy以上時(shí),淀粉最高熱黏度變化不明顯。在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,通過對(duì)淀粉輻照及鈰鹽的引發(fā)下,能顯著提高丙烯酸和醋酸乙烯酯單體的接枝率和接枝效率,最高分別可達(dá)89.57%,82.45%。極性和柔性單體的引入可顯著提升淀粉接枝共聚物對(duì)純棉粗紗條和滌棉粗紗條的粘附力及紗線的耐磨性性能,漿膜的拉伸斷裂強(qiáng)度和斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率相比于原淀粉漿膜有很大的提高。TG、DSC研究結(jié)果表明,輻照能夠有效地提高淀粉的熱穩(wěn)定性。生物可降解性結(jié)果顯示淀粉接枝共聚物的BOD5/COD比值約為0.3,生物可降解性良好,環(huán)保性能較強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Weaving is an important link in textile industry chain, and warp sizing is an extremely critical process before weaving. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely used in warp sizing because of its high hydroxyl group, excellent adhesion, good film formation and flexibility. However, the yarns with PVA sizing result in grey fabric backing. The waste water contains polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which is not biodegradable, which pollutes the environment seriously. Therefore, the research and development of environmental friendly and biodegradable starch based textile size has become the frontier and hot spot in textile sizing field. At present, most of the starch-based textile sizing materials have some shortcomings, such as insufficient wear resistance, insufficient adhesion, high brittleness of the sizing film (i.e., low tensile strength and low elongation at break), etc. The application of polyester / cotton blended yarn and pure polyester yarn is still limited. In this paper, the effects of irradiation dose on the structure and molecular weight of corn starch were studied by shear and modification of macromolecular chain structure of corn starch by high energy irradiation, and the amount of initiator was studied with cerium salt as initiator. The thermal properties, tensile strength and elongation at break of starch grafted with acrylic acid and vinyl acetate were studied by TGN DSCand mechanical property test. Finally, the biodegradability of starch-based size was investigated. The results showed that irradiation dose had little effect on the crystalline structure of corn starch, but the maximum thermal viscosity of starch decreased with the increase of irradiation dose. When the irradiation dose was above 40kGy, the maximum thermal viscosity of starch did not change obviously. Under the experimental conditions, the grafting rate and the grafting efficiency of acrylic acid and vinyl acetate monomer can be significantly improved by irradiation of starch and cerium salt. The highest grafting efficiency can reach 89.57% and 82.45% respectively. The addition of polarity and flexible monomer can significantly improve the adhesion of starch grafted copolymer to pure cotton roving sliver and polyester / cotton roving sliver and the wear resistance of yarn. Compared with the original starch film, the tensile breaking strength and elongation at break of the size film were greatly improved. The DSC results showed that irradiation could effectively improve the thermal stability of the starch. The results of biodegradability showed that the BOD5/COD ratio of starch grafted copolymer was about 0.3, the biodegradability was good and the environmental protection property was strong.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS103.846

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