本文選題：鹵代烷抑制劑　切入點：火焰抑制　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鹵代烷抑制劑是一類有著廣泛應(yīng)用前景的哈龍?zhí)娲鷾缁饎?但是,相關(guān)研究表明,一些鹵代烷在貧燃條件下會產(chǎn)生促進燃燒的效果,造成燃燒溫度和壓力的異常升高。鹵代烷抑制劑的滅火機理包括化學(xué)阻燃機理和物理阻燃機理,這兩種機理的共同作用導(dǎo)致了促燃或阻燃的效果。實驗中難以實現(xiàn)對物理化學(xué)作用的解耦,使用計算機數(shù)值模擬的方法,可以有效的將化學(xué)作用和物理作用進行分離,對鹵代烷的異常促燃現(xiàn)象進行深入分析。本文對反應(yīng)動力學(xué)機理進行改動,實現(xiàn)對全氟己酮(C6F120)和五氟乙烷(C2HF5)化學(xué)反應(yīng)活性的控制,通過人為開啟或關(guān)閉相關(guān)反應(yīng),來區(qū)分這兩種抑制劑對甲烷-空氣層流火焰的物理和化學(xué)作用。研究表明,根據(jù)物理和化學(xué)作用之間的關(guān)系,可以將反應(yīng)區(qū)域劃分為協(xié)同效應(yīng)區(qū)和非協(xié)同效應(yīng)區(qū)。同時,數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果也驗證了 C6F12O和C2HF5的燃料效應(yīng),在貧燃區(qū)域,這兩種物質(zhì)充當(dāng)燃料,從而增加反應(yīng)的化學(xué)當(dāng)量比,導(dǎo)致層流火焰速度的增加;在當(dāng)量比大于1.10(或1.20)時,這兩種物質(zhì)的添加導(dǎo)致富燃效應(yīng),從而在物理上和化學(xué)上均降低層流火焰速度。初始溫度和壓力的變化也會導(dǎo)致C6F12O和C2HF5化學(xué)效應(yīng)的變化,溫度的升高會導(dǎo)致化學(xué)促燃效應(yīng)的降低,而壓力的升高會大幅度增加其化學(xué)促燃效果。CF3I是一種可以媲美CF3Br的鹵代烷阻燃劑,其優(yōu)點在于對環(huán)境的影響小,不會破壞臭氧層。本文利用對沖火焰實驗裝置,測量了 CF3I對甲烷-空氣層流火焰速度的影響,獲取了一系列詳細的實驗數(shù)據(jù),并與模擬值進行了對比,實驗值和模擬值吻合良好。和C6F12O和C2HF5不同,CF3I即使在貧燃條件下依然具有良好的阻燃效果,在當(dāng)量比為0.6時,0.3%的CF3I添加就使得火焰速度降低為原來的52.4%。通過對CF3I的物理和化學(xué)效果進行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),CF3I的化學(xué)效應(yīng)在任何情況下均不會引起促燃效果,且隨著當(dāng)量比的增加呈現(xiàn)出先降低后增加的趨勢。
[Abstract]:Haloalkane inhibitors are a kind of halon alternative fire extinguishers with wide application prospects. However, related studies have shown that some halogenated alkanes have the effect of promoting combustion under lean combustion conditions. Causing an abnormal increase in combustion temperature and pressure. The mechanisms of halogenated depressants include chemical flame retardation and physical flame retardation. The combined action of these two mechanisms leads to the effect of fire promotion or flame retardation. It is difficult to decouple the physicochemical action in experiments. The method of computer numerical simulation can effectively separate the chemical action from the physical action. In this paper, the mechanism of reaction kinetics was modified to control the chemical activity of perfluorohexanone C6F120) and pentafluoroethane C2HF5. To distinguish the physical and chemical effects of these two inhibitors on methane / air laminar flame. The study shows that according to the relationship between physical and chemical action, the reaction region can be divided into synergistic and non-synergistic regions. The results of numerical simulation also verify the fuel effect of C6F12O and C2HF5, which act as fuel in the lean combustion region, thus increasing the chemical equivalent ratio of the reaction, leading to the increase of laminar flame velocity, and when the equivalent ratio is greater than 1.10 (or 1.20), The addition of these two substances leads to the rich combustion effect, which decreases the laminar flame velocity both physically and chemically. The change of initial temperature and pressure also leads to the change of the chemical effect of C6F12O and C2HF5. The increase of temperature will lead to the decrease of chemical combustion promoting effect, and the increase of pressure will greatly increase its chemical flame promoting effect. CF3I is a halogenated flame retardant comparable to CF3Br, and its advantage is that it has little effect on the environment. The effect of CF3I on methane / air laminar flame velocity is measured, and a series of detailed experimental data are obtained and compared with the simulated data. The experimental values agree well with the simulated values. Different from C6F12O and C2HF5, CF3I still has a good flame retardant effect even under lean combustion conditions. The addition of 0.3wt% CF3I at the equivalent ratio of 0.6 reduced the flame velocity to 52.4% of the original flame velocity. By analyzing the physical and chemical effects of CF3I, it was found that the chemical effect of CF3I would not cause the combustion promotion effect under any circumstances. And with the increase of the equivalent ratio, it shows the trend of decreasing first and then increasing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ569

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