本文選題：餐廚垃圾　切入點：微型智能裝備　出處：《安徽科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,餐飲行業(yè)日益繁榮、城市化進程加快以及人們的生活水平不斷提高,飲食文化呈現(xiàn)多元化,導(dǎo)致餐廚垃圾日產(chǎn)出量逐年遞增。非法群體收集餐廚垃圾,一是提煉加工制造成"地溝油",兜售給餐館或飯店老板牟取暴利;二是將餐廚垃圾直接飼喂家禽,如"垃圾豬"等,這些行為都會危害到人類的健康。餐廚垃圾混合城市垃圾,隨意堆放,造成垃圾"圍城"現(xiàn)象,嚴重影響市容市貌。餐廚垃圾的集中回收處理的難點,垃圾分類回收工作不仔細、回收量較低、從回收再到資源化處理,時間間隔較久。因此,實時處理餐廚垃圾越來越重要,微型、智能、便捷可移動餐廚垃圾處理設(shè)備研究、開發(fā)及推廣應(yīng)用迫在眉睫。本文主要通過實驗檢測餐廚垃圾成分并分析其理化特性,對不同的餐廚垃圾處理工藝、處理技術(shù)進行比較,分析現(xiàn)有的餐廚垃圾處理機的不足。再選擇合理的處理工藝,并根據(jù)該工藝制定處理方案及確定處理機的功能,對設(shè)備的軟硬件系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計。論文闡述了微型智能餐廚垃圾處理設(shè)備的總體設(shè)計思路及其重要部件的工作原理和機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計�；谧兟菥嗦菪斔碗x心脫水粉碎原理、連續(xù)波磁控管微波加熱殺菌干燥技術(shù)、徑向口模擠壓成型技術(shù),設(shè)計了固液分離裝置。該裝置主要包括磁性濾網(wǎng)、螺旋傳輸裝置、粉碎部件、擠出口部件、內(nèi)外滾動部件等。文中對固液分離裝置各部件進行設(shè)計;對螺旋擠壓器和螺旋軸進行用有限元分析并進行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化;油水分離裝置中,利用物理方法實現(xiàn)廢棄油脂和水分離。該裝置主要包括同步鋼帶減速傳動裝置、廢渣清潔裝置、超聲波粗�；b置等。烘干滅菌裝置主要是利用電阻絲加熱原理對成型的顆粒狀餐廚垃圾固體進行二次干燥滅菌,加熱溫度可以通過外置的溫度控制系統(tǒng)自動調(diào)節(jié)。該裝備使用噴嘴以及水管等零部件組成噴淋清洗系統(tǒng),針對裝備料筒內(nèi)部進行潤洗。該清洗裝置還可以稀釋餐廚垃圾中的鹽分和油脂,使得到的基料易于儲藏,便于肥料廠回收利用。依據(jù)餐廚垃圾自身特點以及對環(huán)保的要求,開發(fā)自動化程度高的微小型智能化,高效率餐廚垃圾處理裝備,并結(jié)合單片機芯片,完成該裝備的控制系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's economy, catering industry is increasingly prosperous city, urbanization and people's living standard continues to improve, the diet culture diversified, lead to food waste production volume increased year by year. The illegal group is a collection of food waste, refined manufacturing "drainage oil", sold to a restaurant or hotel owner profiteering; two is the kitchen waste directly fed to poultry, such as "junk pig", these actions will harm to human health. Kitchen waste mixed city garbage, garbage piled up at random, resulting in "Besieged City" phenomenon, seriously affect the appearance of the city. Kitchen waste recycling difficulties, garbage recycling work carefully, recycling the amount is low, from the recovery and resourceful treatment, time interval is long. Therefore, the real-time processing of food waste is more and more important, miniature, intelligent, convenient mobile kitchen garbage treatment equipment research, open And the application is imminent. This paper mainly through the food waste composition experiment detection and analysis its physicochemical characteristics of food waste processing technology, compares the processing technology, analysis of the existing problems of food waste processor. Then choose the reasonable processing craft, and according to the process of making treatment plan and determine the processing function of the design of hardware and software system of the equipment. This paper introduced the working principle and the mechanical structure design of the micro intelligent food waste treatment equipment, the overall design and key components. The variable pitch spiral conveying centrifugal dewatering crushing principle based on continuous wave magnetron microwave drying technology, radial die extrusion molding technology, the solid-liquid separation device design the device mainly comprises a magnetic screen, spiral transmission device, grinding parts, extrusion parts, inside and outside the rolling parts. The design of each component of the solid-liquid separation device; the spiral extrusion device and screw shaft using the finite element analysis and structure optimization; oil-water separation device, the waste oil and water separation by physical method. The device mainly comprises a synchronous belt reducer, slag cleaning device, ultrasonic coalescence device. The drying and sterilization device is the use of resistance wire heating principle of forming granular solid food waste two times of drying and sterilization, heating temperature can be automatically adjusted through an external temperature control system. The use of equipment and pipe nozzle components such as spray cleaning system, the equipment inside the barrel rinse. The cleaning device can also be diluted in kitchen waste salt and grease, the base material obtained is easy to store, for fertilizer plant recycling. According to their own characteristics and food waste for environmental protection to The control system of the equipment is completed by the development of micro intellectualization with high automation, high efficiency kitchen garbage disposal equipment, and the chip of single chip microcomputer.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X799

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本文編號：1678090