本文選題：離子液體　切入點：紫外光譜　出處：《沈陽師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：離子液體因其獨特的性質(zhì)成為環(huán)境友好型溶劑,離子液體是一種理想溶劑,因其不需特殊的裝置或方法就可具備高收益、低廢物排放等優(yōu)點。與此同時,離子液體還可循環(huán)使用從而降低成本。雖然離子液體在科學和工業(yè)等方方面面都有著重要的應用,但目前的研究還處于初級階段。總而言之,離子液體在未來將會有更好的發(fā)展。實驗利用紫外光譜對HP-BF_4離子液體在乙腈、甲醇和乙醇、水中的溶液進行了定性分析,結果表明HP-BF_4離子液體的紫外光譜既會受到溶劑極性的影響也會受到溶解酸堿性的影響。由此可知,對離子液體溶液的紫外光譜進行研究時,要明確所用的溶劑。同時對HP-BF_4離子液體在乙腈、甲醇和乙醇、水溶液中定量分析,獲得室溫下的紫外吸收光譜曲線,在最大吸收波長下繪制出標準工作曲線,線性關系良好,采用標準加入法測定了離子液體的加標回收率。實驗采用吡啶作探針,對離子液體進行了酸性和酸強度的測定。吡啶能夠很好的測定離子液體的酸類型和酸強度。應用吡啶探針紅外光譜法不但可以測定出離子液體的酸類型(Brφnsted/Lewis酸性),還能簡單的測定出離子液體的酸強度。隨著離子液體中AlCl3的摩爾分數(shù)的不斷增大,離子液體的酸性不斷增強。實驗采用乙腈作探針檢測離子液體酸類型與酸強度。結果表明乙腈能夠測定離子液體的酸類型,當具有Lewis酸性的液體,會出現(xiàn)新的吸收峰,具有Brφnsted酸性的液體,其吸收峰只會向高波數(shù)方向產(chǎn)生位移,且峰型不發(fā)生改變。同時對于酸強度實驗中,隨著xAlCl3的值不的斷增大,離子液體向著高波數(shù)方向移動,酸性不斷增加。實驗通過常見的熒光劑茜素紅(ARS)與烷基吡啶類物質(zhì)發(fā)生化學反應,生成絡合物,從而改變茜素紅的熒光性質(zhì)。實驗中,通過觀察茜素紅與烷基鏈不同的離子液體反應,考察了熒光強度的變化;烷基鏈的長短影響茜素紅的猝滅。離子液體的濃度也影響茜素紅的猝滅。當烷基鏈較短時,熒光熒光猝滅現(xiàn)象與吡啶鹽離子液體的濃度無明顯線性關系;當烷基鏈較長時,熒光猝滅現(xiàn)象隨著烷基鏈增大而增大。猝滅強度與離子液體的濃度呈一定的線性關系。
[Abstract]:Ionic liquids have become environment-friendly solvents because of their unique properties. Ionic liquids are an ideal solvent because they have the advantages of high revenue and low waste emissions without special devices or methods. Ionic liquids can also be recycled to reduce costs. Although ionic liquids have important applications in science and industry, current research is still at an early stage. Ionic liquids will be better developed in the future. The HP-BF_4 ionic liquids in acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol and water have been qualitatively analyzed by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The results show that the UV spectra of HP-BF_4 ionic liquids are affected by both solvent polarity and dissolution acidity and alkalinity. At the same time, the UV absorption spectra of HP-BF_4 ionic liquids in acetonitrile, methanol and ethanol aqueous solution were quantitatively analyzed at room temperature. The standard working curve was drawn at the maximum absorption wavelength, and the linear relationship was good. The standard addition method was used to determine the recovery rate of ionic liquids. The acidity and acid strength of ionic liquids were determined. Pyridine can well determine the acid types and acid strength of ionic liquids. Not only can the acid type of ionic liquids be determined by using the infrared spectroscopy of pyridine probe, but also the acid type of Br 蠁 nsted/Lewis can be determined. The acid strength of ionic liquids can also be measured simply. As the mole fraction of AlCl3 in ionic liquids increases, The acidity of ionic liquids is increasing. The acid type and strength of ionic liquids are detected by using acetonitrile as a probe. The results show that acetonitrile can determine the acid types of ionic liquids, and a new absorption peak will appear in liquids with Lewis acidity. The absorption peak of liquid with Br 蠁 nsted acid will only shift towards high wave number, and the peak type will not change. In the acid strength experiment, the ionic liquid moves towards high wave number with the increase of the value of xAlCl3. The acidity is increasing continuously. In the experiment, the alkyl pyridine compounds react with the common fluorescent agent alizarin red ARS, and the complex is formed, which changes the fluorescence properties of alizarin red. By observing the reaction of alizarin red with different ionic liquids of alkyl chain, the change of fluorescence intensity was investigated. The length of alkyl chain affected the quenching of alizarin red. The concentration of ionic liquid also affected the quenching of alizarin red. The fluorescence quenching has no obvious linear relationship with the concentration of pyridine ionic liquids, but increases with the increase of alkyl chain when the alkyl chain is longer. The quenching intensity is linearly related to the concentration of ionic liquids.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O645.1;O657.3

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