本文選題：航空電磁法　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)射系統(tǒng)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：時(shí)間域航空電磁法(Time-domain Airborne Electromagnetic Method)是一種高速有效的地質(zhì)勘測方法。此方法使用直升飛機(jī)或者固定翼飛機(jī)搭載電磁發(fā)射系統(tǒng)和接收系統(tǒng)。由于航空電磁勘測可以高空飛行勘測,克服勘測地形帶來的困難,所以時(shí)間域航空電磁法廣泛應(yīng)用在地質(zhì)調(diào)查,礦產(chǎn)資源勘測、環(huán)境評價(jià)等方面�，F(xiàn)階段,國際上電磁發(fā)射系統(tǒng)可以提供的電流波形主要包括:梯形波,方波,半正弦波和三角波,但發(fā)射系統(tǒng)只可以發(fā)射一種電流波形,無法兼顧其他電流波形的優(yōu)點(diǎn),針對這一問題本文研究的發(fā)射電路可以提供雙極性半正弦波和雙極性三角波,這樣可以兼顧兩種發(fā)射波形的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文主要參考了國際上先進(jìn)的航空電磁法發(fā)射系統(tǒng)的發(fā)射電流參數(shù),以此參數(shù)作為發(fā)射電流參數(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)雙波形發(fā)射電路。本文設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)射電路結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括三角波發(fā)射電路、半正弦波發(fā)射電路,開關(guān)切換電路、發(fā)射線圈四部分,三角波發(fā)射電路和半正弦波發(fā)射電路共用發(fā)射線圈,為避免兩電路之間相互影響,在發(fā)射線圈與發(fā)射電路之間加入了開關(guān)切換電路。發(fā)射半正弦波的電路采用串聯(lián)諧振方法,電流在電容與發(fā)射線圈之間振蕩產(chǎn)生正弦波,半正弦波發(fā)射電路需要低壓電源供電,為了兼容這一設(shè)計(jì)方案,三角波發(fā)射電路前端加入了Boost升壓電路,為儲(chǔ)能電容充電使其電壓上升,由于電容容量大,三角波發(fā)射電路的功率小,充電后的儲(chǔ)能電容可視為高壓恒壓大功率電源,利用此電源為發(fā)射線圈供電可以產(chǎn)生上升沿與下降沿線性度高對稱性好的三角波。為了保證發(fā)射電路的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,在發(fā)射電路中加入了相應(yīng)的保護(hù)電路,為了減小過沖電流,加入了去過沖電路。本文首先使用仿真軟件對發(fā)射電路進(jìn)行仿真測試,驗(yàn)證其可行性,仿真軟件使用MATLAB。之后搭建電路,對電路整體進(jìn)行測試,根據(jù)測試結(jié)果改進(jìn)與優(yōu)化電路參數(shù),使得發(fā)射電流波形質(zhì)量更高。本文敘述了設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)射電路的過程以及期間應(yīng)該注意的問題,發(fā)射電路設(shè)計(jì)研制成功后,對發(fā)射電路的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了測試,實(shí)際測得半正弦波電流峰值為2000A,最大輸出磁矩為648000Am2,脈沖寬度為4ms,三角波電流峰值為200A,最大輸出磁矩為64800Am2,脈沖寬度為1.95ms,整體的發(fā)射頻率為12.5Hz,可以調(diào)整發(fā)射頻率,測試結(jié)果均達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。發(fā)射電路與接收系統(tǒng)聯(lián)機(jī)調(diào)試,接收機(jī)采集on-time信號噪聲幅值與哈密地區(qū)野外飛行實(shí)驗(yàn)中雙極性梯形波CHTEM-I系統(tǒng)接收磁場波形衰減曲線噪聲幅值相當(dāng),所以雙波形發(fā)射系統(tǒng)可以進(jìn)行on-time采集。在最后對所完成實(shí)驗(yàn)工作做了總結(jié),針對發(fā)射電路的不足之處,給出了下一步工作的幾點(diǎn)建議。
[Abstract]:Time-domain Airborne Electromagnetic method is a high speed and effective geological survey method. This method uses helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft to carry electromagnetic launch system and receiving system. In order to overcome the difficulties caused by topographic survey, time-domain aero-electromagnetic method is widely used in geological survey, mineral resources survey, environmental evaluation and so on. At this stage, The current waveforms that can be provided by electromagnetic emission systems in the world mainly include trapezoid waves, square waves, semi-sine waves and triangular waves. However, the transmitting system can only transmit one current waveform, which cannot take into account the advantages of other current waveforms. Aiming at this problem, the transmission circuit studied in this paper can provide bipolar half-sine wave and bipolar triangle wave. In this way, the advantages of the two emission waveforms can be taken into account. This paper mainly refers to the emission current parameters of the advanced airborne electromagnetic launch system in the world. In this paper, the structure of the transmission circuit consists of three parts: triangle wave transmitting circuit, half sine wave transmitting circuit, switching circuit, transmitting coil. The triangle wave transmitting circuit and the half sine wave transmitting circuit share the transmitting coil. In order to avoid the interaction between the two circuits, a switch switching circuit is added between the transmitting coil and the transmitting circuit. The series resonant method is used to transmit the half sine wave. The current oscillates between the capacitor and the transmitting coil to produce sinusoidal waves. The semi-sinusoidal transmission circuit needs a low-voltage power supply. In order to be compatible with this design, the Boost boost circuit is added to the front end of the triangular wave transmitting circuit. Because of the large capacitance capacity and the low power of the triangle wave transmitting circuit, the energy storage capacitor after charging can be regarded as a high voltage constant voltage and high power supply. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmitting circuit, the corresponding protection circuit is added to the transmitting circuit, which can produce a triangle wave with high symmetry between the rising edge and the descending edge by using this power supply to supply the transmitting coil. In order to reduce the overshoot current, the circuit is added. Firstly, the emulation software is used to test the emitter circuit to verify its feasibility, and the simulation software uses MATLAB.After setting up the circuit, the whole circuit is tested. According to the test results, the circuit parameters are improved and optimized to improve the quality of the emission current waveform. This paper describes the process of designing the transmitting circuit and the problems that should be paid attention to during the design. After the design and development of the transmission circuit is successful, The parameters of the transmitting circuit are tested. The measured peak value of semi-sinusoidal current is 2000A, the maximum output magnetic moment is 648000Am2, the pulse width is 4ms, the peak value of triangular wave current is 200A, the maximum output magnetic moment is 64800Am2, the pulse width is 1.95ms. the overall emission frequency is 12.5 Hz. The test results are all up to the design requirements. The transmission circuit is on-line debugged with the receiving system, and the noise amplitude of the on-time signal collected by the receiver is equivalent to the noise amplitude of the attenuation curve of the received magnetic field waveform of the bipolar trapezoidal wave CHTEM-I system in the field flight experiment in Hami area. In the end, the experimental work is summarized, and some suggestions for the next work are given in view of the inadequacies of the transmitting circuit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.326

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