本文關(guān)鍵詞： 致密砂巖 巖石物理 地震響應(yīng) 千佛崖組 巴中地區(qū)　出處：《長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)致密砂巖天然氣資源十分豐富,其中天然氣產(chǎn)量有近1/3產(chǎn)自非常規(guī)的致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有儲(chǔ)量分析,5年之后常規(guī)天然氣將會(huì)出現(xiàn)陡坡下滑的趨勢(shì),非常規(guī)致密砂巖天然氣藏將是天然氣勘探開發(fā)的主要對(duì)象。元壩地區(qū)中淺層共劃分為西部、中部斷褶帶及巴中3個(gè)有利區(qū)帶,須四段和珍珠沖段是元壩中部斷褶帶主要的含氣目的層。在近期勘探中,巴中地區(qū)多口井在千佛崖組鉆遇不同程度的氣顯示,其中元壩9井千佛崖獲氣2.2萬(wàn)方,油16.6方,表明了千佛崖組具有富集高產(chǎn)的特點(diǎn)。因此,本文針對(duì)巴中地區(qū)千佛崖組致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)這一主題。結(jié)合千佛崖組儲(chǔ)層地質(zhì)特征,在統(tǒng)計(jì)分析測(cè)井響應(yīng)特征的基礎(chǔ)上,得出在GR背景下,選取ZpZs交會(huì)作為砂體敏感參數(shù)對(duì),在孔隙度背景下,選取VpVp Vs交會(huì)作為儲(chǔ)層物性敏感參數(shù)對(duì)。然后從地震數(shù)據(jù)體中提取相應(yīng)的敏感屬性,并結(jié)合AVO響應(yīng)特征從而提高對(duì)儲(chǔ)層和流體的有效預(yù)測(cè)精度,指導(dǎo)下一步儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)的工作。所取得成果及認(rèn)識(shí)如下:(1)砂巖段表現(xiàn)為低自然伽馬、高孔隙度以及低泥質(zhì)含量,高密度、較高的縱波速度和橫波速度、較高的縱波阻抗和橫波阻抗;泥巖段表現(xiàn)為高自然伽馬、低孔隙度以及高泥質(zhì)含量,相對(duì)低的密度、相對(duì)低的縱波速度和橫波速度、相對(duì)低的縱波阻抗和橫波阻抗。含氣層段為砂體的一部分,與砂體的響應(yīng)特征特征一致。此外,含氣層段的縱橫波速度比相對(duì)其他非含氣層段的較低,這是含氣層段表現(xiàn)最顯著的測(cè)井響應(yīng)特征。(2)巖石物理分析得出,在GR背景下,選取ZpZs交會(huì)作為砂體敏感參數(shù)對(duì);在孔隙度背景下,選取VpVpVs交會(huì)作為儲(chǔ)層物性敏感參數(shù)對(duì)。(3)實(shí)際井資料AVO正演模擬認(rèn)為,含氣層表現(xiàn)為第IV類AVO響應(yīng)特征;差油氣層表現(xiàn)為第II類AVO響應(yīng)特征。含氣飽和度、孔隙度和儲(chǔ)層厚度的變化對(duì)AVO響應(yīng)特征的影響表現(xiàn)出一定的規(guī)律特征:隨著含氣飽和度的增大,含氣層頂部同相軸振幅逐漸減小;P值減小,G值增大,且Sg由0到20%過程中變化幅度較大,AVO響應(yīng)在第Ⅳ類中變化;隨著孔隙度的增大,含氣層頂部同相軸振幅逐漸減小;P值減小,G值增大,且變化幅度逐漸減小,AVO響應(yīng)在第Ⅳ類中變化;隨著含氣層厚度的增大,含氣層頂部同相軸振幅值減小;P值先減小后增大,G值先增大后減小,AVO響應(yīng)由第Ⅲ類向第Ⅳ類轉(zhuǎn)化。(4)AVO異常屬性分析得出,本區(qū)目的層含氣性敏感屬性為泊松比、流體因子、AVO強(qiáng)度和P*signG。(5)千佛崖組地震地質(zhì)特征分析:在千一段底部同相軸出現(xiàn)“復(fù)波”現(xiàn)象,說(shuō)明千一段下部縱向上巖性、物性變化較小,由下部到上部砂泥巖分布存在較大的差異性。因而砂體橫向展布較廣,厚度變化較快;千二段同相軸近似平行,整體上表現(xiàn)為平行或近平行同相軸地震相。在千二段中、上亞段同相軸振幅較強(qiáng),局部出現(xiàn)“復(fù)波”現(xiàn)象,說(shuō)明千二段中、上亞段橫向巖性、物性變化較大。其中在千二段下亞段能識(shí)別出砂體自北東向展布,千二段中、上亞段為自北東向和東部展布;千三段同相軸近似平行,整體上表現(xiàn)為平行或近平行同相軸地震相。在千三段下部同相軸振幅較強(qiáng),局部出現(xiàn)“復(fù)波”現(xiàn)象,說(shuō)明千三段縱向、橫向上巖性、物性變化較大。
[Abstract]:China's tight sandstone gas resources are very rich, the natural gas production is nearly 1/3 from non tight sandstone reservoir. According to the existing conventional reserves analysis, after 5 years of conventional natural gas will appear steep downward trend, unconventional tight sandstone gas reservoirs will be the main target of natural gas exploration and development in Guangyuan. In the shallow area is divided into West, central fault fold belt and Bazhong 3 favorable zones, shall be four and zhenzhuchong gas layer in central Guangyuan. In the near future bruchfalten main exploration wells drilled in Bazhong area, different degree of gas in Qianfoya, of which 9 wells of Guangyuan Qianfoya gas by 22 thousand party, the 16.6 party oil show, Qianfoya has the characteristics of enrichment. Therefore, this paper Qianfoya tight sandstone reservoir in Bazhong area. The theme of combining the characteristics of Qianfoya reservoir geological survey, statistical analysis Based on the response characteristics of wells, obtained in the context of GR, ZpZs is selected as the sensitive parameters of the intersection of sand body, in the porosity background, select the VpVp Vs fair as sensitive parameters of reservoir. And then extract the corresponding sensitive attribute from seismic data, and combining the AVO response characteristics so as to improve the prediction accuracy effectively on reservoir and fluid, under the guidance of a reservoir prediction work. The results obtained are as follows: (1) the sandstone section is low natural gamma, high porosity and low shale content, high density, high P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity, high impedance of P wave and S wave; mudstone performance of high natural gamma, low porosity and high clay content, relatively low density, relatively low P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity, relatively low impedance of P wave and S wave. Gas bearing section as part of the sand body, and the response characteristics of sand body The characteristics are consistent. In addition, the shear wave velocity of gas bearing interval ratio relative to other non gas zones with low, this is gas zones with the most significant performance of logging response characteristics. (2) the rock physics analysis, under the background of GR, ZpZs is selected as the sensitive parameters of the intersection of sand body; porosity in the background select the VpVpVs, fair as the sensitive parameters of reservoir (3). The actual logging data AVO simulation, gas bearing performance as a class IV AVO response characteristics; poor reservoir performance for the II class AVO response characteristics. The gas saturation, porosity and thickness of the reservoir changes influence on AVO response characteristics the law shows some characteristics: with the increase of the gas saturation of the gas bearing top event amplitude decreases gradually; the value of P decreases, G increases, and Sg from 0 to 20% in the process of large amplitude variation, AVO response in type IV changes; with the increase of porosity, containing gas top Part of the event amplitude decreases gradually; the value of P decreases, G increases, and the amplitude of AVO decreased gradually, in response to changes in type IV; with the increase of the thickness of gas bearing and gas bearing top event amplitude value decreases; the P value decreased firstly and then increased, G value increased first and then decreased, AVO should be a ring class III to IV grade. (4) AVO abnormal attribute analysis, the fluid factor to the gas sensitive properties for the Poisson's ratio, the strength of AVO and P*signG. (5) analysis of the geological characteristics of Qianfoya formation in seismic events "at the bottom of complex phenomenon, that part of the longitudinal 10001 on the lithology, physical changes smaller from the bottom to the upper sand mudstone distribution differences. So the transverse distribution of sand body is wide, the thickness changes rapidly; Senji segment phase axis approximately parallel to the overall performance of parallel or nearly parallel events in seismic phase. Senji section, section on Asia The event amplitude is strong, the emergence of local "wave" phenomenon, that Senji section, the upper submember transverse lithology, physical property change greatly. The Senji section under sub paragraph can be identified from North East trending sandbody, Senji section, section on Asia from North East and eastern section 1003 distribution; the in-phase axis approximately parallel to the overall performance of parallel or nearly parallel events in strong seismic facies. The lower section 1003 event amplitude, the emergence of local "wave" phenomenon, that section 1003 longitudinal, lateral lithology, physical property changes greatly.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13;P631.4

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