本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大氣多環(huán)芳烴 來(lái)源解析 健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) 濟(jì)南　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：多環(huán)芳烴具有三致作用,在各類環(huán)境介質(zhì)中作為有機(jī)污染物持久性存在,一貫以來(lái)受到研究者跟政府的普遍關(guān)注。為了探究中國(guó)北方工業(yè)城市多環(huán)芳烴的濃度特征、來(lái)源規(guī)律以及健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)等問(wèn)題,本論文對(duì)濟(jì)南市氣相和pM2.5上的多環(huán)芳烴展開觀測(cè)以及分析研究,為其他城市站點(diǎn)的研究提供參考,為污染治理提供理論依據(jù)。2015年10月-2016年7月在濟(jì)南市歷城區(qū)山東大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院樓頂利用MH1200-F采樣器進(jìn)行了多環(huán)芳烴樣品采集,處理分析得到觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),研究了多環(huán)芳烴的濃度水平、分布特征、排放來(lái)源以及可能的輸送區(qū)域來(lái)源,并對(duì)多環(huán)芳烴的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明濟(jì)南市15種多環(huán)芳烴氣相中濃度最高的是PHE,采樣期間的濃度范圍是5.03-145.76 ng/m3,平均濃度為49.91 ng/m3,其次是ACE,平均濃度為23.33 ng/m3,采樣期間的最低濃度是6.29 ng/m3,最高濃度是92.60ng/m3,而從BaA到IcdP濃度都很低。氣相多環(huán)芳烴的濃度均值為107.88 ng/m3。PM2.5中濃度最高的多環(huán)芳烴是FLA和BbF,平均濃度分別為 4.19 ng/m3 以及 3.92 ng/m3,濃度范圍分別是 0.00-30.53 ng/m3 以及 0.00-17.16 ng/m3。PM2.5上多環(huán)芳烴的濃度均值為26.74 ng/m3,大約是是氣相濃度水平的1/4。而在兩相濃度和中具有最高濃度水平的依舊是PHE,其濃度范圍是6.58-146.60ng/m3,平均濃度為51.66ng/m3。2-3環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴主要分布在氣相中,四環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴在PM2.5上的濃度約是其氣相濃度的3倍,5-6環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴在氣相極少分布,絕大部分附著在PM2.5上。氣相中最多的是三環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴,其次是二環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴。四環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴在氣相占3.6%,而五、六環(huán)PAHs僅占0.1%。PM2.5中最多的是四環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴,其次是五、六環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴。三環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴在PM2.5中占 22.4%,而二環(huán) PAHs 僅占 6.0%。通過(guò)正交矩陣因數(shù)分解法以及潛在源分析法對(duì)多環(huán)芳烴的排放源及輸送來(lái)源進(jìn)行了解析。使用正交矩陣因數(shù)分解法對(duì)兩相多環(huán)芳烴進(jìn)行了來(lái)源的解析,模型運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明兩相多環(huán)芳烴的來(lái)源均可以用四個(gè)因子來(lái)解釋,其中氣相多環(huán)芳烴的四個(gè)因子分別能夠解釋10%、12%、41%以及37%的變量,可認(rèn)為是石油源、柴油汽車排放、煉焦排放以及煤炭燃燒源。對(duì)PM2.5上的多環(huán)芳烴而言,因子1能夠解釋6%的變量,可認(rèn)為是石油源。因子2能夠解釋32%的變量,與交通排放源組分結(jié)構(gòu)類似,可認(rèn)為因子2代表交通污染源。因子3能夠解釋15%的變量,可認(rèn)為因子3代表的是多環(huán)芳烴的煉焦排放源。因子4能夠解釋47%的變量,可認(rèn)為是煤炭燃燒源。使用潛在源分析法對(duì)濟(jì)南市多環(huán)芳烴來(lái)源區(qū)域進(jìn)行了分析,采樣期間主要受四種來(lái)向污染源的影響:L(27.9%),NE(18.1%),NW(23.0%)以及 S(31.0%)。濟(jì)南多環(huán)芳烴主要受濟(jì)南周圍城市工業(yè)的影響,也會(huì)受到山東周圍省份發(fā)達(dá)的工業(yè)過(guò)程影響。對(duì)絕大多數(shù)多環(huán)芳烴而言,苯并(a)芘毒性當(dāng)量濃度值大小順序是:秋冬季春夏季。濟(jì)南市多環(huán)芳烴造成的成人超額致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平在最大可接受范圍內(nèi),而其對(duì)兒童造成的超額致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平與日�；顒�(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)接近。
[Abstract]:PAHs with three induced effects, in various environmental media as persistent organic pollutants, has always been concerned by researchers with the government. In order to explore the northern industrial city China concentration characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the source of the problem of health risk assessment, this thesis carried out observation and analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Ji'nan city gas and the pM2.5, and provide reference for the study of other city sites, provide a theoretical basis for the.2015 year in October -2016 year in July the PAHs samples were collected at MH1200-F Institute of environmental science and engineering Shandong University sampler in Licheng District of Ji'nan city as the roof of pollution control, processing analysis of observational data, study the concentration distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. And the emission sources and possible sources of regional transportation, and health risks of PAHs were calculated node evaluation. The results show that the 15 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Ji'nan city is the highest concentration of PHE, concentration range during the sampling period is 5.03-145.76 ng/m3, the average concentration of 49.91 ng/m3, followed by ACE, the average concentration is 23.33 ng/m3, the lowest concentration during the sampling period is 6.29 ng/m3, the highest concentration is 92.60ng/m3, and from BaA to IcdP concentration is very low the mean concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas phase. The concentrations of 107.88 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ng/m3.PM2.5 was highest in FLA and BbF, the average concentrations were 4.19 ng/m3 and 3.92 ng/m3, respectively 0.00-30.53 and ng/m3 concentration in the range of the mean concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on 0.00-17.16 ng/ m3.PM2.5 26.74 ng/m3, is about gas concentration levels of 1/4. with the highest the level of concentration in the two-phase and the concentration is still PHE, the concentration range is 6.58-146.60ng/m3, the average concentration of 51.66ng/m3.2-3 ring PAHs are mainly distributed in the gas phase, four The concentration of PAHs in the PM2.5 ring is about 3 times the gas phase concentration, 5-6 ring PAHs in the gas phase distribution of rare, most attached to the PM2.5. The gas phase is the largest ring PAHs, followed by ring PAHs. Fourth ring PAHs accounted for 3.6% and five in the gas phase, and six ring PAHs only 0.1%.PM2.5 is the largest in the city of Victoria PAHs, followed by the five, six ring PAHs. Three ring PAHs in PM2.5 accounted for 22.4%, while the second ring PAHs accounted for only analysis emission sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 6.0%. method through orthogonal matrix factorization method and the potential source and transmission source analysis using orthogonal factor matrix. Decomposition analysis on two sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the model operation results show that the two-phase source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be used to explain the four factors, including four factors of gas phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were able to explain 10%, 12%, 41% And the 37% variables can be considered as a source of oil, diesel vehicle emissions, emissions of coking and coal combustion. The source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on PM2.5, the 1 factors can explain 6% variables, that is oil source. 2 factors could explain 32% of the variables, and traffic emission components of similar structure, that factor 2 representative traffic pollution sources. 3 factors could explain 15% of the variables can be considered factor 3 is representative of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coking emissions. Factor 4 can explain 47% of the variables can be considered to be the source of coal combustion. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Ji'nan source region were analyzed using the potential source, the sampling period is mainly affected by the effect of pollution source four: L (27.9%), NE (18.1%), NW (23%) and S (31%). Ji'nan PAHs is mainly affected by the surrounding Ji'nan city of industry, Shandong province will be developed around the industrial process. The majority of PAHs, benzo (a) pyrene TEQ sequence: winter spring summer. Ji'nan City PAHs caused by the excess risk of cancer in the adult level of maximum acceptable range, and the child caused by excess cancer risk level of risk and the daily activities of the past.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X51

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