本文關(guān)鍵詞：疏水型纖維素基絮凝材料的制備及其溶劑體系回用的研究　出處：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 纖維素基絮凝劑 一步法 疏水改性 絮凝工業(yè)廢水 循環(huán)回用溶劑體系

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,工業(yè)廢水的排放量也隨之增大,其中就有高濃度的氨氮廢水。在預(yù)處理去除廢水中的懸浮顆粒和染料的過程中,絮凝是最方便有效的方法,在絮凝的過程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的污泥。目前絮凝劑主要有有機(jī)合成絮凝劑和天然高分子絮凝劑,有機(jī)合成絮凝劑有優(yōu)異的絮凝性能,但是存在難降解、原料不可再生等缺點(diǎn),因此,越多越多的學(xué)者把目標(biāo)放在無毒、可再生、可降解的天然高分子上。用絮凝劑處理會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的含水量高的污泥,這會(huì)增加污泥的后期運(yùn)輸和處理的成本,對絮凝劑進(jìn)行疏水改性具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究采用竹漿纖維素作為基體材料,采用一步法制備不同zeta電位的纖維素基絮凝劑。其合成過程為用氫氧化鈉和尿素溶解纖維素(纖維素的濃度為2%)后,過硫酸銨在55℃時(shí)引發(fā),加入丙烯酰胺反應(yīng)3小時(shí)。丙烯酰胺在氫氧化鈉的作用下會(huì)發(fā)生水解,通過加入丙烯酰胺量的不同,最終得到五種不同zeta電位的纖維素基絮凝劑產(chǎn)品。通過紅外光譜、氫譜和掃描電鏡來驗(yàn)證纖維素結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的變化,將此絮凝劑用于處理高嶺土模擬廢水,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)具有較為優(yōu)異的絮凝性能,部分產(chǎn)品的效果優(yōu)于商業(yè)CPAM和PAC,最后應(yīng)用于造紙廢水的處理,也表現(xiàn)出較好的絮凝性能。將上述合成的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行疏水改性,通過控制硅酸鈉和纖維素中葡糖糖單元的質(zhì)量比,來合成不同疏水性能的疏水型纖維素基絮凝劑,在55℃下,加入不同量的硅酸鈉反應(yīng)4小時(shí),然后再熟化8小時(shí),即得到了疏水性不同的疏水型纖維素基絮凝劑。隨著硅酸鈉含量的增加,污泥比阻和污泥沉降比也隨之下降,說明疏水性能逐漸變好,zeta電位逐漸升高,這有助于絮凝的電中和作用,最后用于處理不同的工業(yè)廢水,都表現(xiàn)出較為出色的絮凝性能。由于合成的過程是在氫氧化鈉尿素體系中,將廢液直接倒入環(huán)境中會(huì)增加水中的氨氮含量,因此要對其進(jìn)行循環(huán)回用。首先用凱氏定氮法和中和滴定法分別測定溶液中的尿素和氫氧化鈉的含量,然后在加入一定量的固體,配成新的纖維素溶解液對纖維素基絮凝劑進(jìn)行再合成。通過紅外光譜觀察其分子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,通過絮凝高嶺土和工業(yè)廢水觀察其絮凝性能,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,經(jīng)循環(huán)使用的纖維素溶解液合成的纖維素基絮凝劑與原纖維素溶解液制備的纖維素基絮凝劑都具有優(yōu)異的絮凝性能。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry, industrial wastewater emissions also increased, which has high concentration of ammonia nitrogen wastewater. In the process of pretreatment of wastewater containing suspended particles and dyes, flocculation is the most convenient and effective method, in the flocculation process will produce large amounts of sludge. The flocculant is mainly organic synthesis flocculant, natural polymer flocculant, organic synthesis flocculant had excellent flocculation performance, but are difficult to degrade, non renewable raw materials and other shortcomings, therefore, more and more scholars focus on renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable natural polymer. With high water containing sludge produced by flocculant, which will increase the late sludge transportation and disposal costs, has important practical significance to the hydrophobic modification of flocculant. This study uses bamboo cellulose as matrix material, preparation of different Ze by one-step process Cellulose based flocculant TA potential. The synthesis process with sodium hydroxide and urea dissolved cellulose (cellulose concentration 2%), had caused ammonium sulfate at 55 DEG C, adding acrylamide reacted for 3 hours. Acrylamide hydrolysis occurs under the action of sodium hydroxide, by adding different amount of acrylamide, to obtain cellulose based flocculant products five different Zeta potential. By infrared spectroscopy, spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to verify the change of the structure and properties of cellulose, the flocculant for kaolin wastewater treatment, flocculation experiments found that has more outstanding performance, the product is better than the commercial CPAM and PAC processing, finally used in papermaking wastewater. It shows better flocculation property. The synthesized products were hydrophobically modified, the quality control of sodium silicate and cellulose glucose unit than to. The hydrophobic cellulose based flocculant synthesis with different hydrophobic properties, under the temperature of 55 DEG C, adding sodium silicate reaction of different amounts of 4 hours, and then cooked for 8 hours, which is the hydrophobic cellulose based flocculant of different hydrophobicity. With the increase of the content of sodium silicate, specific resistance of sludge and sludge settling ratio also decreased. That hydrophobic performance becomes better, the zeta potential gradually increased, which contributes to the flocculation of charge neutralization, finally used for industrial wastewater treatment are different, showing more excellent flocculation performance. Because the synthesis process in sodium hydroxide urea system, waste directly into the environment will increase the ammonia nitrogen content in water, so to carry on the recycle. First by Kjeldahl content in solution of sodium hydroxide and urea nitrogen determination method and neutralization titration respectively, then adding a certain amount of solid, with new cellulose solution The solution of cellulose based flocculant was synthesized. The change of the molecular structure observed by infrared spectroscopy, observe its flocculation performance, kaolin and industrial wastewater by flocculation experiment showed that the recycled cellulose based flocculant dissolution of cellulose liquid synthesis of cellulose based flocculant and cellulose dissolving has excellent flocculation performance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB34

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