雜化偏振矢量光束緊聚焦和焦斑整形研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-17 09:09
【摘要】：光的重要性質(zhì)中,人們對頻率、振幅、相位等幾個性質(zhì)早已進(jìn)行了深入的研究。近年來,光的另一個重要性質(zhì)——偏振性成為了人們研究的熱點(diǎn),尤其是對非均勻偏振分布的矢量光束的研究引起了研究人員極大的興趣。柱矢量光束作為最基本和最簡單的矢量光束,由于其獨(dú)特的聚焦特性和潛在的應(yīng)用價值得到了人們廣泛的研究。如徑向偏振光經(jīng)過高數(shù)值孔徑透鏡緊聚焦后焦區(qū)的光場會有非常強(qiáng)的縱向分量,使得其在超分辨聚焦、光存儲、光刻等領(lǐng)域有著突出的應(yīng)用。除了柱矢量光束,最近研究人員生成了按照任意規(guī)律分布的局域線偏振矢量光束和同時包含線偏振、圓偏振、橢圓偏振的雜化偏振矢量光束,使得矢量光束得到豐富,為產(chǎn)生新奇的緊聚焦特性提供了可能性。本論文以其中一種雜化偏振矢量光束為研究對象,分別研究了徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束和角向變化雜化偏振矢量光束的緊聚焦特性。然后針對徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束,分別用環(huán)形光闌和二元相位元件對其調(diào)制,進(jìn)行焦斑整形的研究。主要的研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:1.詳細(xì)介紹了本論文所作研究依據(jù)的理論基礎(chǔ)——Richards-Wolf矢量衍射理論,這個理論推導(dǎo)出入射光為均勻振幅分布的x方向線偏振光緊聚焦后焦區(qū)的光場表達(dá)式。我們在此基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)出更為普遍的入射光為任意振幅分布的沿x方向和沿y方向偏振的線偏振光經(jīng)過高數(shù)值孔徑透鏡緊聚焦后焦區(qū)的光場表達(dá)式。2.分別研究了徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束和角向變化雜化偏振矢量光束的緊聚焦特性。對徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束,研究了線偏振基矢的取向角Ф_0,偏振分布的初相位δ_0和徑向指數(shù)n對緊聚焦特性的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),取向角的變化會使焦平面上的焦斑旋轉(zhuǎn)相應(yīng)的角度;初相位的變化會影響焦平面上的焦斑形狀;徑向指數(shù)由小變大時,軸截面上將由一個焦斑分裂成兩個焦斑,并且兩個焦斑之間的距離隨徑向指數(shù)的增大而增大,同時焦平面上由一個橢圓形焦斑變成一個環(huán)形焦斑,并且環(huán)的半徑隨徑向指數(shù)的增大而增大。對角向變化雜化偏振矢量光束,研究了線偏振基矢的取向角Ф_0,偏振分布的初相位δ_0和角向指數(shù)m對緊聚焦特性的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),取向角和初相位的改變產(chǎn)生的影響一致,使得焦平面上的光強(qiáng)分布旋轉(zhuǎn)一定的角度,同時中心光強(qiáng)發(fā)生改變;角向指數(shù)的改變使得焦平面上形成多個焦斑,焦斑個數(shù)為2(m+1)。3.針對n較大的徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束,我們首先用環(huán)形光闌對其進(jìn)行焦斑整形,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)調(diào)制的徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束緊聚焦后能形成光針狀光強(qiáng)分布,光針的焦深隨徑向指數(shù)的增大而增長,焦平面上形成橢圓形焦斑,焦斑的橢圓率隨徑向指數(shù)的增大而增大。為了提高光能利用率,我們用二元相位元件對徑向指數(shù)為1的徑向變化雜化偏振矢量光束進(jìn)行焦斑整形,通過matlab遺傳算法對二環(huán)到八環(huán)相位元件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,調(diào)制后得到了光針。光針的焦深隨環(huán)數(shù)的增多而增長,焦平面上的焦斑隨環(huán)數(shù)的增多由橢圓形變?yōu)榻茍A形。最后通過對光針范圍內(nèi)不同位置橫截面光強(qiáng)分布的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種方法形成的光針橫截面的光強(qiáng)分布沿光束傳播方向都存在旋轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象。徑向指數(shù)的正負(fù)控制旋轉(zhuǎn)的方向,取向角的改變能夠使光針沿光軸旋轉(zhuǎn)一定的角度。
[Abstract]:In the important properties of the light, the frequency, amplitude, phase and so on have been studied in depth. In recent years, the other important property _ polarization of light has become the hot spot of people's research, especially the research of the vector light beam with non-uniform polarization distribution has caused great interest in the researchers. The column vector beam, as the most basic and simplest vector beam, has been widely studied because of its unique focusing characteristics and potential application value. As the radial polarized light passes through the high-numerical aperture lens, the light field in the focal area can have a very strong longitudinal component, so that it has outstanding application in the fields of super-resolution focusing, optical storage, and photoetching. in addition to that column vector light beam, the most recent researcher generate a local linear polarization vector light beam which is distributed according to an arbitrary rule and a hybrid polarization vector light beam which simultaneously comprises a linear polarization, a circular polarization and an elliptical polarization, so that the vector light beam is rich, A possibility is provided for the creation of a novel compact focusing characteristic. In this paper, a hybrid polarization vector light beam is used as a research object, and the tight focusing characteristics of the hybrid polarization vector light beam and the angular change hybrid polarization vector beam are studied. Then, aiming at the radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam, the annular optical element and the binary phase element are respectively used for modulating the polarization vector light beam to carry out the research of the focal spot shaping. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:1. In this paper, the theoretical basis of the study and the theory of Richards-Wolf's vector diffraction are introduced in detail. On the basis of this, we derive more general incident light as the light field expression of the focal area after the linearly polarized light polarized in the x-direction and in the y-direction through the high-numerical aperture lens, and the polarized light in the y-direction is focused by the high-numerical aperture lens. In this paper, the tight focusing characteristics of the hybrid polarization vector beam and the angle-direction-varying hybrid polarization vector beam of the radial-varying hybrid polarization vector are studied. In this paper, the influence of the orientation angle of the linear polarization vector, the initial phase angle of the polarization distribution and the radial index n on the tight focusing property is studied. it is found that the change of the orientation angle will cause the focal spot on the focal plane to rotate the corresponding angle; the change of the initial phase will affect the shape of the focal spot on the focal plane; when the radial index is large, the axial cross-section will be divided into two focal spots by a focal spot, And the distance between the two focal spots increases with the increase of the radial index, while the focal plane is changed from an elliptical focal spot to an annular focal spot, and the radius of the ring increases with the increase of the radial index. In this paper, the influence of the orientation angle of the linear polarization vector, the initial phase angle of the polarization distribution and the angular index m on the compact focusing property is studied. It is found that the influence of the change of the orientation angle and the initial phase is consistent, so that the light intensity distribution on the focal plane is rotated to a certain angle, and the central light intensity is changed; the change of the angular index makes the focal plane form a plurality of focal spots, and the number of the focal spots is 2 (m + 1). aiming at the large radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam, firstly, the annular optical beam is used for shaping the focal spot, and the modulated radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam is found to be tightly focused, so that the light needle light intensity distribution can be formed, the focal depth of the light needle is increased with the increase of the radial index, An elliptical focal spot is formed on the focal plane, and the ellipticity of the focal spot increases with the increase of the radial index. In order to improve the utilization of light energy, we used the binary phase component to shape the focal spot of the radial variation hybrid polarization vector beam with the radial index of 1, optimize the two-to-eight-ring phase element by the matlab genetic algorithm, and obtain the optical needle after modulation. The focal depth of the light needle increases with the increase of the number of rings, and the focal spot on the focal plane changes from the ellipse to an approximately circular shape with the increase of the number of rings. Finally, the light intensity distribution of the cross-section of the light needle formed by the two methods is found to be rotating in the direction of the beam propagation through the study of the light intensity distribution of the cross-section at different positions in the range of the optical needle. The direction of the positive and negative control rotation of the radial index and the change of the orientation angle can rotate the light needle at a certain angle along the optical axis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O436.3
本文編號：2478982
[Abstract]:In the important properties of the light, the frequency, amplitude, phase and so on have been studied in depth. In recent years, the other important property _ polarization of light has become the hot spot of people's research, especially the research of the vector light beam with non-uniform polarization distribution has caused great interest in the researchers. The column vector beam, as the most basic and simplest vector beam, has been widely studied because of its unique focusing characteristics and potential application value. As the radial polarized light passes through the high-numerical aperture lens, the light field in the focal area can have a very strong longitudinal component, so that it has outstanding application in the fields of super-resolution focusing, optical storage, and photoetching. in addition to that column vector light beam, the most recent researcher generate a local linear polarization vector light beam which is distributed according to an arbitrary rule and a hybrid polarization vector light beam which simultaneously comprises a linear polarization, a circular polarization and an elliptical polarization, so that the vector light beam is rich, A possibility is provided for the creation of a novel compact focusing characteristic. In this paper, a hybrid polarization vector light beam is used as a research object, and the tight focusing characteristics of the hybrid polarization vector light beam and the angular change hybrid polarization vector beam are studied. Then, aiming at the radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam, the annular optical element and the binary phase element are respectively used for modulating the polarization vector light beam to carry out the research of the focal spot shaping. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:1. In this paper, the theoretical basis of the study and the theory of Richards-Wolf's vector diffraction are introduced in detail. On the basis of this, we derive more general incident light as the light field expression of the focal area after the linearly polarized light polarized in the x-direction and in the y-direction through the high-numerical aperture lens, and the polarized light in the y-direction is focused by the high-numerical aperture lens. In this paper, the tight focusing characteristics of the hybrid polarization vector beam and the angle-direction-varying hybrid polarization vector beam of the radial-varying hybrid polarization vector are studied. In this paper, the influence of the orientation angle of the linear polarization vector, the initial phase angle of the polarization distribution and the radial index n on the tight focusing property is studied. it is found that the change of the orientation angle will cause the focal spot on the focal plane to rotate the corresponding angle; the change of the initial phase will affect the shape of the focal spot on the focal plane; when the radial index is large, the axial cross-section will be divided into two focal spots by a focal spot, And the distance between the two focal spots increases with the increase of the radial index, while the focal plane is changed from an elliptical focal spot to an annular focal spot, and the radius of the ring increases with the increase of the radial index. In this paper, the influence of the orientation angle of the linear polarization vector, the initial phase angle of the polarization distribution and the angular index m on the compact focusing property is studied. It is found that the influence of the change of the orientation angle and the initial phase is consistent, so that the light intensity distribution on the focal plane is rotated to a certain angle, and the central light intensity is changed; the change of the angular index makes the focal plane form a plurality of focal spots, and the number of the focal spots is 2 (m + 1). aiming at the large radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam, firstly, the annular optical beam is used for shaping the focal spot, and the modulated radial variation hybrid polarization vector light beam is found to be tightly focused, so that the light needle light intensity distribution can be formed, the focal depth of the light needle is increased with the increase of the radial index, An elliptical focal spot is formed on the focal plane, and the ellipticity of the focal spot increases with the increase of the radial index. In order to improve the utilization of light energy, we used the binary phase component to shape the focal spot of the radial variation hybrid polarization vector beam with the radial index of 1, optimize the two-to-eight-ring phase element by the matlab genetic algorithm, and obtain the optical needle after modulation. The focal depth of the light needle increases with the increase of the number of rings, and the focal spot on the focal plane changes from the ellipse to an approximately circular shape with the increase of the number of rings. Finally, the light intensity distribution of the cross-section of the light needle formed by the two methods is found to be rotating in the direction of the beam propagation through the study of the light intensity distribution of the cross-section at different positions in the range of the optical needle. The direction of the positive and negative control rotation of the radial index and the change of the orientation angle can rotate the light needle at a certain angle along the optical axis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O436.3
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